{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2974971587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsusc.2019.2943142","title":"Worst-Case Energy Consumption: A New Challenge for Battery-Powered Critical Devices","display_name":"Worst-Case Energy Consumption: A New Challenge for Battery-Powered Critical Devices","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2974971587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsusc.2019.2943142","mag":"2974971587"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsusc.2019.2943142","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsusc.2019.2943142","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210221417","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing","issn_l":"2377-3782","issn":["2377-3782","2377-3790"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2117/187927","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066137258","display_name":"David Trilla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9402-7703"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Trilla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9402-7703","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047492364","display_name":"Carles Hern\u00e1ndez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5393-3195"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799803557","display_name":"Barcelona Supercomputing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05sd8tv96","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799803557","https://openalex.org/I9617848"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carles Hernandez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5393-3195","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799803557","https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020861175","display_name":"Jaume Abella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7951-4028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799803557","display_name":"Barcelona Supercomputing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05sd8tv96","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799803557","https://openalex.org/I9617848"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaume Abella","raw_affiliation_strings":["Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7951-4028","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799803557","https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026101378","display_name":"Francisco J. Cazorla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3344-376X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799803557","display_name":"Barcelona Supercomputing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05sd8tv96","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799803557","https://openalex.org/I9617848"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco J. Cazorla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3344-376X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799803557","https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.08421612,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"3","first_page":"522","last_page":"530"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6740270256996155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.6215476393699646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.6099966168403625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5357308387756348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.48307302594184875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-modeling","display_name":"Energy modeling","score":0.47972479462623596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factoring","display_name":"Factoring","score":0.46988987922668457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4382185935974121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.42677322030067444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4114108383655548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.3865293860435486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3731788992881775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.3404006361961365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21005567908287048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1993565559387207}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6740270256996155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.6215476393699646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.6099966168403625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5357308387756348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.48307302594184875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780331096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24965464","display_name":"Energy modeling","level":3,"score":0.47972479462623596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177225278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192674","display_name":"Factoring","level":2,"score":0.46988987922668457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4382185935974121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.42677322030067444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4114108383655548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.3865293860435486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3731788992881775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3404006361961365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21005567908287048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1993565559387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsusc.2019.2943142","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsusc.2019.2943142","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210221417","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing","issn_l":"2377-3782","issn":["2377-3782","2377-3790"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/187927","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2117/187927","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196262","display_name":"UPCommons institutional repository (Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","host_organization_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/184842","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10251/184842","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400639","display_name":"RiuNet (Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","host_organization_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/187927","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2117/187927","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196262","display_name":"UPCommons institutional repository (Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","host_organization_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1767566055","https://openalex.org/W1974464843","https://openalex.org/W1983676215","https://openalex.org/W1985779784","https://openalex.org/W1992503358","https://openalex.org/W1994805710","https://openalex.org/W1997614394","https://openalex.org/W2003547208","https://openalex.org/W2013411409","https://openalex.org/W2023746284","https://openalex.org/W2033443176","https://openalex.org/W2041370343","https://openalex.org/W2052801483","https://openalex.org/W2069452468","https://openalex.org/W2102727118","https://openalex.org/W2107737526","https://openalex.org/W2117648153","https://openalex.org/W2120645562","https://openalex.org/W2131054871","https://openalex.org/W2131507936","https://openalex.org/W2150526221","https://openalex.org/W2155755017","https://openalex.org/W2161263672","https://openalex.org/W2166726564","https://openalex.org/W2170382128","https://openalex.org/W2293730416","https://openalex.org/W2326402761","https://openalex.org/W2411991553","https://openalex.org/W2497685462","https://openalex.org/W2536999580","https://openalex.org/W2559984209","https://openalex.org/W2605734758","https://openalex.org/W2616289511","https://openalex.org/W2810807153","https://openalex.org/W3104784933","https://openalex.org/W3125838234","https://openalex.org/W3140903683","https://openalex.org/W4234501851","https://openalex.org/W4246157066","https://openalex.org/W6677845609","https://openalex.org/W6679310810","https://openalex.org/W6792941224"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W179829755","https://openalex.org/W3104784933","https://openalex.org/W3125372217","https://openalex.org/W4382052846","https://openalex.org/W1983885898","https://openalex.org/W4255946369","https://openalex.org/W3106673754","https://openalex.org/W2156822401","https://openalex.org/W4390753080","https://openalex.org/W3025615747"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"number":[1],"of":[2,15,27,50,66,88,95,125,181],"(edge)":[3],"devices":[4,22,52,73],"connected":[5],"to":[6,97,114,168],"the":[7,11,18,33,48,62,81,86,102,116,139,142,162,179],"IoT":[8,51,72],"is":[9,45,112,199],"on":[10,57,90,150],"rise,":[12],"reaching":[13],"hundreds":[14],"billions":[16],"in":[17,32,47,85],"next":[19],"years.":[20],"Many":[21],"will":[23],"implement":[24],"some":[25],"type":[26],"critical":[28,131],"functionality,":[29],"for":[30,138,157,173,204],"instance":[31],"medical":[34],"market":[35],"this":[36,134],"includes":[37],"infusion":[38],"pumps":[39],"and":[40,61,153,176],"implantable":[41],"defibrillators.":[42],"Energy":[43],"awareness":[44],"mandatory":[46],"design":[49],"given":[53],"their":[54],"huge":[55],"impact":[56,87,143],"worldwide":[58],"energy":[59,108,174],"consumption":[60,109],"fact":[63],"that":[64,144,183,196],"many":[65],"them":[67],"are":[68],"battery":[69],"powered.":[70],"Critical":[71],"further":[74],"require":[75],"addressing":[76],"new":[77],"energy-related":[78],"challenges.":[79],"On":[80,101],"one":[82],"hand,":[83,104],"factoring":[84],"energy-solutions":[89],"device's":[91],"performance,":[92],"providing":[93],"evidence":[94],"adherence":[96],"domain-specific":[98],"safety":[99],"standards.":[100],"other":[103],"deriving":[105],"safe":[106],"worst-case":[107],"(WCEC)":[110],"estimates":[111],"fundamental":[113],"ensure":[115],"system":[117],"can":[118,190],"continuously":[119],"operate":[120],"under":[121],"a":[122,200],"pre-established":[123],"set":[124,180],"power/energy":[126],"caps,":[127],"safely":[128],"delivering":[129],"its":[130],"functionality.":[132],"In":[133],"line,":[135],"we":[136,159,194],"analyze":[137],"first":[140],"time":[141],"different":[145],"hardware":[146],"physical":[147,188],"parameters":[148,189],"have":[149],"both":[151],"model-based":[152],"measurement-based":[154,197],"WCEC":[155,198,205],"modeling,":[156],"which":[158],"also":[160],"show":[161,195],"main":[163],"challenges":[164],"they":[165],"face":[166],"compared":[167],"chip":[169],"manufacturers'":[170],"current":[171],"practice":[172],"modeling":[175],"validation.":[177],"Under":[178],"constraints":[182],"emanate":[184],"from":[185],"how":[186],"certain":[187],"be":[191],"actually":[192],"modeled,":[193],"promising":[201],"way":[202],"forward":[203],"estimation.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
