{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390120107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2023.3344362","title":"Main-Lobe Beamwidth Constrained Target Localization Using Bistatic Range Measurements","display_name":"Main-Lobe Beamwidth Constrained Target Localization Using Bistatic Range Measurements","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390120107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2023.3344362"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2023.3344362","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2023.3344362","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100960044","display_name":"Zhi Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6168-8732"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhi Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6168-8732","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073214747","display_name":"Hongtao Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7524-2184"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongtao Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7524-2184","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101485250","display_name":"Lu Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5763-0165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5763-0165","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053288028","display_name":"Xinchen Jing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7317-8112"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinchen Jing","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7317-8112","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007748224","display_name":"Congyue Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9148-4156"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Congyue Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9148-4156","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100960044"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6388,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69283238,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":null,"first_page":"289","last_page":"304"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamwidth","display_name":"Beamwidth","score":0.8741599321365356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6210086345672607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cram\u00e9r\u2013rao-bound","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","score":0.6128575801849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6064529418945312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.528073787689209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4299631714820862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3381255865097046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-theory","display_name":"Estimation theory","score":0.21552467346191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.15563735365867615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11757248640060425}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190060920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876232","display_name":"Beamwidth","level":3,"score":0.8741599321365356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6210086345672607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4978587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138810","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","level":3,"score":0.6128575801849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6064529418945312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.528073787689209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4299631714820862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3381255865097046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.21552467346191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.15563735365867615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11757248640060425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2023.3344362","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2023.3344362","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1692405070","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"QTZX22156","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W151604921","https://openalex.org/W250076511","https://openalex.org/W1783251365","https://openalex.org/W1969414067","https://openalex.org/W2001886371","https://openalex.org/W2002105608","https://openalex.org/W2049063033","https://openalex.org/W2052111957","https://openalex.org/W2062742351","https://openalex.org/W2096985797","https://openalex.org/W2101996248","https://openalex.org/W2120350100","https://openalex.org/W2128203095","https://openalex.org/W2154347068","https://openalex.org/W2156476853","https://openalex.org/W2158295784","https://openalex.org/W2189750608","https://openalex.org/W2588174171","https://openalex.org/W2588546612","https://openalex.org/W2614148698","https://openalex.org/W2742303107","https://openalex.org/W2751628632","https://openalex.org/W2768200951","https://openalex.org/W2899875321","https://openalex.org/W2902935763","https://openalex.org/W2921072119","https://openalex.org/W2946632095","https://openalex.org/W2999117855","https://openalex.org/W3092603992","https://openalex.org/W3120692339","https://openalex.org/W3137742410","https://openalex.org/W3141069769","https://openalex.org/W3152558384","https://openalex.org/W3155030562","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4296501310"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2087159119","https://openalex.org/W3133309669","https://openalex.org/W2589070551","https://openalex.org/W1613226384","https://openalex.org/W4387714700","https://openalex.org/W2364986039","https://openalex.org/W2164011616","https://openalex.org/W2604634667","https://openalex.org/W2765726077","https://openalex.org/W3015934322"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,44],"paper":[1],"addresses":[2],"the":[3,27,37,52,56,89,94,99,109,123,136,145],"localization":[4,83,128,155],"of":[5,26],"a":[6,16,61,115],"target":[7,38],"in":[8,60,135,154],"3D":[9],"scenarios":[10],"using":[11],"bistatic":[12],"range":[13],"measurements":[14],"with":[15],"single":[17],"passive":[18],"receiver":[19],"and":[20,150],"multiple":[21],"transmitters.":[22],"The":[23,104],"main-lobe":[24],"beamwidth":[25,53,72],"receiving":[28],"antenna":[29],"contains":[30],"valuable":[31],"<italic":[32],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[33],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">a-priori</i>":[34],"information":[35,54],"about":[36],"position":[39],"but":[40],"is":[41,77],"commonly":[42],"overlooked.":[43],"study":[45],"introduces":[46],"an":[47],"angular":[48],"constraint":[49],"to":[50,79,93,131,139,152],"incorporate":[51],"into":[55],"elliptic":[57],"localization,":[58],"resulting":[59],"Quadratically":[62],"Constrained":[63,73],"Quadratic":[64],"Programming":[65],"(QCQP)":[66],"problem.":[67,84],"A":[68],"novel":[69],"Two-Stage":[70],"Main-lobe":[71],"Estimation":[74],"(TSMCE)":[75],"algorithm":[76,90,125,146],"proposed":[78,124],"solve":[80],"this":[81],"challenging":[82],"Theoretical":[85],"analysis":[86],"demonstrates":[87,147],"that":[88,97,122],"can":[91,107],"converge":[92],"candidate":[95],"solutions":[96],"satisfy":[98],"Karush\u2013Kuhn\u2013Tucker":[100],"(KKT)":[101],"optimality":[102],"conditions.":[103],"corresponding":[105],"covariance":[106],"achieve":[108],"Cram\u00e9r-Rao":[110],"Lower":[111],"Bound":[112],"(CRLB)":[113],"under":[114],"small":[116],"noise":[117],"assumption.":[118],"Numerical":[119],"simulations":[120],"confirm":[121],"achieves":[126],"superior":[127],"accuracy":[129],"compared":[130],"other":[132],"methods,":[133],"particularly":[134],"low":[137],"Signal":[138],"Noise":[140],"Ratio":[141],"(SNR)":[142],"regime.":[143],"Additionally,":[144],"fast":[148],"convergence":[149],"robustness":[151],"variations":[153],"geometry.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
