{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3157205689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2021.3133709","title":"Asynchrony Increases Efficiency: Time Encoding of Videos and Low-Rank Signals","display_name":"Asynchrony Increases Efficiency: Time Encoding of Videos and Low-Rank Signals","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3157205689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2021.3133709","mag":"3157205689"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2021.3133709","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2021.3133709","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/78/9675017/09645321.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/78/9675017/09645321.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057396245","display_name":"Karen Adam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1700-6623"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Karen Adam","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Communication Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Communication Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012809350","display_name":"Adam Scholefield","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5083-2185"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam Scholefield","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Communication Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Communication Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049415924","display_name":"Martin Vetterli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6122-1216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Vetterli","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Communication Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Communication Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057396245"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7795,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82551787,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":null,"first_page":"105","last_page":"116"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7310637831687927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asynchrony","display_name":"Asynchrony (computer programming)","score":0.6954315900802612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.6033974289894104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.5803762078285217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.5635585784912109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asynchronous-communication","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","score":0.522167444229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporal-resolution","display_name":"Temporal resolution","score":0.48820000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.47034457325935364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.41908738017082214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.36048948764801025}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7310637831687927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779019669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25203946","display_name":"Asynchrony (computer programming)","level":3,"score":0.6954315900802612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.6033974289894104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.5803762078285217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.5635585784912109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.522167444229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119666444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5977280","display_name":"Temporal resolution","level":2,"score":0.48820000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47034457325935364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.41908738017082214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.36048948764801025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2021.3133709","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2021.3133709","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/78/9675017/09645321.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2104.14511","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2104.14511","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2104.14511","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:291528","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/184856","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"WoS","raw_type":"research article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2021.3133709","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2021.3133709","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/78/9675017/09645321.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7900000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G36615512","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"200021_181978/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4578858820","display_name":"SESAM - Sensing and Sampling: Theory and Algorithms","funder_award_id":"181978","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4836148144","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G993971353","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"200021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/00yjd3n13"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3157205689.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3157205689.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48974879","https://openalex.org/W357046174","https://openalex.org/W658512522","https://openalex.org/W1573301526","https://openalex.org/W2011453536","https://openalex.org/W2012257582","https://openalex.org/W2016227125","https://openalex.org/W2018904782","https://openalex.org/W2033511209","https://openalex.org/W2041306743","https://openalex.org/W2076661751","https://openalex.org/W2109596721","https://openalex.org/W2118550318","https://openalex.org/W2122113784","https://openalex.org/W2122541839","https://openalex.org/W2123997046","https://openalex.org/W2144187604","https://openalex.org/W2165107283","https://openalex.org/W2170779872","https://openalex.org/W2188799677","https://openalex.org/W2286769582","https://openalex.org/W2327625674","https://openalex.org/W2588416002","https://openalex.org/W2605173812","https://openalex.org/W2611328865","https://openalex.org/W2639690298","https://openalex.org/W2939179213","https://openalex.org/W2952064669","https://openalex.org/W2982433817","https://openalex.org/W2998221947","https://openalex.org/W2998281665","https://openalex.org/W2998864310","https://openalex.org/W3000484718","https://openalex.org/W3015889229","https://openalex.org/W3015890219","https://openalex.org/W3040838455","https://openalex.org/W3103759548","https://openalex.org/W3111073116","https://openalex.org/W4226051885","https://openalex.org/W4253194359","https://openalex.org/W6634173106","https://openalex.org/W6773583546"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2534656837","https://openalex.org/W2374603670","https://openalex.org/W2061653780","https://openalex.org/W4300245965","https://openalex.org/W2414929729","https://openalex.org/W2585854369","https://openalex.org/W2944915449","https://openalex.org/W2102266661","https://openalex.org/W2122229220","https://openalex.org/W4283014255"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"event-based":[1,74,92,149],"sensing,":[2],"many":[3],"sensors":[4,93,116],"independently":[5],"and":[6,54,113,121,161,204],"asynchronously":[7],"emit":[8],"events":[9,40,109],"when":[10,27,66],"there":[11],"is":[12,36],"a":[13,37,111,146],"change":[14],"in":[15,24,46,194],"their":[16],"input.":[17,72],"Event-based":[18],"sensing":[19],"can":[20,58,76,181],"present":[21],"significant":[22],"improvements":[23],"power":[25],"efficiency":[26],"compared":[28],"to":[29,62,128,166,190],"traditional":[30],"sampling,":[31],"because":[32,90,105],"(1)":[33],"the":[34,42,47,52,56,71,106,163,172,202,209],"output":[35,63],"stream":[38],"of":[39,51,108,155],"where":[41],"important":[43],"information":[44,64],"lies":[45],"<italic":[48,173],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[49,174],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">timing</i>":[50],"events,":[53],"(2)":[55],"sensor":[57,112],"easily":[59],"be":[60],"controlled":[61],"only":[65,86],"interesting":[67],"activity":[68],"occurs":[69,104],"at":[70],"Moreover,":[73],"sampling":[75,184],"often":[77],"provide":[78],"better":[79,191],"resolution":[80,97,198,206],"than":[81],"standard":[82],"uniform":[83],"sampling.":[84],"Not":[85],"does":[87],"this":[88],"occur":[89],"individual":[91],"have":[94],"higher":[95],"temporal":[96,187,197],"(Rebecq":[98],"et":[99],"al.,":[100],"2021)":[101],"it":[102],"also":[103],"asynchrony":[107],"within":[110],"therefore":[114],"across":[115,177],"allows":[117],"for":[118,148],"less":[119],"redundant":[120],"more":[122],"informative":[123],"encoding.":[124],"We":[125,151,168],"would":[126],"like":[127],"explain":[129],"how":[130,171],"such":[131],"curious":[132],"results":[133],"come":[134],"about.":[135],"To":[136],"do":[137],"so,":[138],"we":[139],"use":[140],"ideal":[141],"time":[142,153,178],"encoding":[143,154,179],"machines":[144,180],"as":[145],"proxy":[147],"sensors.":[150],"explore":[152],"signals":[156],"with":[157,186],"low":[158],"rank":[159],"structure,":[160],"apply":[162],"resulting":[164],"theory":[165],"video.":[167],"then":[169],"see":[170],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">asynchronous</i>":[175],"firing":[176],"couple":[182],"spatial":[183,205],"density":[185],"resolution,":[188],"leading":[189],"reconstruction,":[192],"whereas,":[193],"frame-based":[195],"video,":[196],"depends":[199],"solely":[200,207],"on":[201,208],"frame-rate":[203],"pixel":[210],"grid":[211],"used.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2021-05-10T00:00:00"}
