{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3138614210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2021.3133698","title":"The Level Set Kalman Filter for State Estimation of Continuous-Discrete Systems","display_name":"The Level Set Kalman Filter for State Estimation of Continuous-Discrete Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3138614210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2021.3133698","mag":"3138614210"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2021.3133698","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2021.3133698","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.11130","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101662478","display_name":"Ningyuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3143-0180"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ningyuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089041286","display_name":"Daniel B. Forger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7581-4031"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel B. Forger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, USA","Michigan Institute for Data Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michigan Institute for Data Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101662478"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1199,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81703874,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":null,"first_page":"631","last_page":"642"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.8359525203704834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5762763023376465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invariant-extended-kalman-filter","display_name":"Invariant extended Kalman filter","score":0.5408083200454712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alpha-beta-filter","display_name":"Alpha beta filter","score":0.4943428039550781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fast-kalman-filter","display_name":"Fast Kalman filter","score":0.4856959283351898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.478074312210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.47494176030158997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moving-horizon-estimation","display_name":"Moving horizon estimation","score":0.4579121470451355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extended-kalman-filter","display_name":"Extended Kalman filter","score":0.45226070284843445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-kalman-filter","display_name":"Ensemble Kalman filter","score":0.42526137828826904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.41597044467926025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filtering-theory","display_name":"Filtering theory","score":0.415616512298584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.365159273147583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3435959219932556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.257249653339386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12725946307182312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.8359525203704834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5762763023376465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8639503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6059511","display_name":"Invariant extended Kalman filter","level":4,"score":0.5408083200454712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11588082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4735154","display_name":"Alpha beta filter","level":5,"score":0.4943428039550781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150679823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5436946","display_name":"Fast Kalman filter","level":4,"score":0.4856959283351898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.478074312210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.47494176030158997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50050547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6927137","display_name":"Moving horizon estimation","level":4,"score":0.4579121470451355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206833254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421817","display_name":"Extended Kalman filter","level":3,"score":0.45226070284843445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79334102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072268","display_name":"Ensemble Kalman filter","level":4,"score":0.42526137828826904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.41597044467926025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988922011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5449244","display_name":"Filtering theory","level":2,"score":0.415616512298584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.365159273147583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3435959219932556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.257249653339386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12725946307182312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2021.3133698","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2021.3133698","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2103.11130","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2103.11130","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.11130","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2103.11130","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2103.11130","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.11130","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1903349637","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSF DMS-1714094","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8544327963","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSF DMS-2052499","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka","ror":"https://ror.org/010xaa060"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W88520345","https://openalex.org/W1963763873","https://openalex.org/W1980559675","https://openalex.org/W2034555762","https://openalex.org/W2044206947","https://openalex.org/W2049650637","https://openalex.org/W2054091988","https://openalex.org/W2083402998","https://openalex.org/W2122512809","https://openalex.org/W2123487311","https://openalex.org/W2124202837","https://openalex.org/W2144903371","https://openalex.org/W2147963686","https://openalex.org/W2578868193","https://openalex.org/W2580692915","https://openalex.org/W2605375266","https://openalex.org/W2888007202","https://openalex.org/W4232464081","https://openalex.org/W4246756383"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506303183","https://openalex.org/W2182059946","https://openalex.org/W2150837402","https://openalex.org/W2152504883","https://openalex.org/W2363340733","https://openalex.org/W2396654980","https://openalex.org/W4252648412","https://openalex.org/W4313056238","https://openalex.org/W3145243278","https://openalex.org/W2332797954"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"propose":[1],"a":[2,35,43,47,96,108,116],"new":[3],"extension":[4],"of":[5,90,118,138],"Kalman":[6,22,65],"filtering":[7],"for":[8,79,86,115],"continuous-discrete":[9,63],"systems":[10],"with":[11,95],"nonlinear":[12],"state-space":[13],"models":[14],"that":[15,104],"we":[16],"name":[17],"as":[18,34,61,74,125],"the":[19,28,39,53,62,70,80,84,87,91,105,113,121,135,139],"level":[20],"set":[21],"filter":[23,66],"(LSKF).":[24],"The":[25,50],"LSKF":[26,51,106,122],"assumes":[27],"probability":[29],"distribution":[30,41],"can":[31],"be":[32],"approximated":[33],"Gaussian":[36,40],"and":[37,46,134],"updates":[38],"through":[42],"time-update":[44,54],"step":[45,55],"measurement-update":[48,99],"step.":[49],"improves":[52],"compared":[56],"to":[57],"existing":[58],"methods,":[59],"such":[60],"cubature":[64],"(CD-CKF),":[67],"by":[68],"reformulating":[69],"underlying":[71],"Fokker-Planck":[72],"equation":[73,78],"an":[75],"ordinary":[76],"differential":[77],"Gaussian,":[81],"thereby":[82],"avoiding":[83],"need":[85],"explicit":[88],"expression":[89],"higher":[92],"derivatives.":[93],"Together":[94],"carefully":[97],"picked":[98],"method,":[100],"numerical":[101],"experiments":[102],"show":[103],"has":[107],"consistent":[109],"performance":[110],"improvement":[111],"over":[112],"CD-CKF":[114],"range":[117],"parameters.":[119],"Meanwhile,":[120],"simplifies":[123],"implementation,":[124],"no":[126],"user-defined":[127],"timestep":[128],"subdivisions":[129],"between":[130],"measurements":[131],"are":[132,142],"required,":[133],"spatial":[136],"derivatives":[137],"drift":[140],"function":[141],"not":[143],"explicitly":[144],"needed.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
