{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3006484151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2020.2973114","title":"Cross Z-Complementary Pairs for Optimal Training in Spatial Modulation Over Frequency Selective Channels","display_name":"Cross Z-Complementary Pairs for Optimal Training in Spatial Modulation Over Frequency Selective Channels","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3006484151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2020.2973114","mag":"3006484151"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2020.2973114","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2020.2973114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1909.10206","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100629531","display_name":"Zilong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5851-4261"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110002522","display_name":"University of Essex","ror":"https://ror.org/02nkf1q06","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zilong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Essex, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Essex, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067307195","display_name":"Ping Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6559-3252"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100763983","display_name":"Yong Liang Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9757-630X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Liang Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002566516","display_name":"Pei Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7886-5878"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pei Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Communication Systems, 5G Innovation Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Communication Systems, 5G Innovation Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100629531"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110002522"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3862,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88907949,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":null,"first_page":"1529","last_page":"1543"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5335479378700256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4601178467273712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-modulation","display_name":"Frequency modulation","score":0.4430925250053406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.4394567310810089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.36438894271850586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.32211291790008545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.31143808364868164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.2461942732334137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.24077895283699036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1981571912765503}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5335479378700256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4601178467273712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11930861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181417","display_name":"Frequency modulation","level":3,"score":0.4430925250053406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.4394567310810089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.36438894271850586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32211291790008545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.31143808364868164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.2461942732334137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.24077895283699036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1981571912765503}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2020.2973114","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2020.2973114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1909.10206","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1909.10206","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1909.10206","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.44SUR_INST:11139415980002346","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197018","display_name":"View","issn_l":"2688-268X","issn":["2688-268X","2688-3988"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1909.10206","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1909.10206","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1909.10206","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5449388699","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/P03456X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5530800640","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/J017655/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7806824190","display_name":"New Air Interface Techniques for Future Massive Machine Communications","funder_award_id":"EP/P03456X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W775608285","https://openalex.org/W1545693521","https://openalex.org/W1577554631","https://openalex.org/W1920325808","https://openalex.org/W1967790992","https://openalex.org/W1969707263","https://openalex.org/W1971549192","https://openalex.org/W1977332235","https://openalex.org/W1985833770","https://openalex.org/W1994711463","https://openalex.org/W2005662287","https://openalex.org/W2007084244","https://openalex.org/W2009458714","https://openalex.org/W2014105133","https://openalex.org/W2024483577","https://openalex.org/W2024674802","https://openalex.org/W2027101369","https://openalex.org/W2029262884","https://openalex.org/W2038325324","https://openalex.org/W2038838181","https://openalex.org/W2057419313","https://openalex.org/W2058195114","https://openalex.org/W2059955057","https://openalex.org/W2093812839","https://openalex.org/W2097485016","https://openalex.org/W2098929637","https://openalex.org/W2103462022","https://openalex.org/W2110659753","https://openalex.org/W2112087343","https://openalex.org/W2112141355","https://openalex.org/W2113157322","https://openalex.org/W2115229528","https://openalex.org/W2115901127","https://openalex.org/W2117359246","https://openalex.org/W2118799287","https://openalex.org/W2120330869","https://openalex.org/W2122126264","https://openalex.org/W2125669974","https://openalex.org/W2127817398","https://openalex.org/W2128187515","https://openalex.org/W2129766733","https://openalex.org/W2130450372","https://openalex.org/W2130509920","https://openalex.org/W2136435457","https://openalex.org/W2137914022","https://openalex.org/W2138706041","https://openalex.org/W2146206750","https://openalex.org/W2149469612","https://openalex.org/W2150017129","https://openalex.org/W2157420063","https://openalex.org/W2159339877","https://openalex.org/W2160136043","https://openalex.org/W2294688254","https://openalex.org/W2295559644","https://openalex.org/W2328709100","https://openalex.org/W2344065342","https://openalex.org/W2508393166","https://openalex.org/W2578438628","https://openalex.org/W2590468245","https://openalex.org/W2774598712","https://openalex.org/W2803411812","https://openalex.org/W2944924935","https://openalex.org/W2962834015","https://openalex.org/W2963198950","https://openalex.org/W2963666666","https://openalex.org/W4230591943","https://openalex.org/W4236804519","https://openalex.org/W4242170449","https://openalex.org/W4256217385"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387474130","https://openalex.org/W2004723848","https://openalex.org/W2086788376","https://openalex.org/W2093157008","https://openalex.org/W1518527075","https://openalex.org/W2162174235","https://openalex.org/W2054254129","https://openalex.org/W2143773860","https://openalex.org/W2068642629","https://openalex.org/W2012415775"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"contributions":[1],"of":[2,13,38],"this":[3],"article":[4],"are":[5,48],"twofold:":[6],"Firstly,":[7],"we":[8,51],"introduce":[9],"a":[10,60],"novel":[11],"class":[12],"sequence":[14],"pairs,":[15],"called":[16],"\u201ccross":[17],"Z-complementary":[18],"pairs":[19,46],"(CZCPs),\u201d":[20],"each":[21],"displaying":[22],"zero-correlation":[23],"zone":[24],"(ZCZ)":[25],"properties":[26],"for":[27,67],"both":[28],"their":[29],"aperiodic":[30],"autocorrelation":[31],"sums":[32],"and":[33],"crosscorrelation":[34],"sums.":[35],"Systematic":[36],"constructions":[37],"perfect":[39],"CZCPs":[40,55,83],"based":[41],"on":[42],"selected":[43],"Golay":[44],"complementary":[45],"(GCPs)":[47],"presented.":[49],"Secondly,":[50],"point":[52],"out":[53],"that":[54,75],"can":[56],"be":[57],"utilized":[58],"as":[59],"key":[61],"component":[62],"in":[63],"designing":[64],"training":[65,79],"sequences":[66,80],"broadband":[68],"spatial":[69],"modulation":[70],"(SM)":[71],"systems.":[72],"We":[73],"show":[74],"our":[76],"proposed":[77],"SM":[78],"derived":[81],"from":[82],"lead":[84],"to":[85],"optimal":[86],"channel":[87],"estimation":[88],"performance":[89],"over":[90],"frequency-selective":[91],"channels.":[92]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2020-02-24T00:00:00"}