{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2886654632","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2018.2864571","title":"Computationally Simple MMSE (A-Optimal) Adaptive Beam-Pattern Design for MIMO Active Sensing Systems via a Linear-Gaussian Approximation","display_name":"Computationally Simple MMSE (A-Optimal) Adaptive Beam-Pattern Design for MIMO Active Sensing Systems via a Linear-Gaussian Approximation","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2886654632","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2018.2864571","mag":"2886654632"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2018.2864571","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2018.2864571","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/cff025e8-a534-44bc-b3dd-1c0399b6b73c","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006919011","display_name":"Steven Herbert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0948-5721"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven Herbert","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Edinburgh, GB"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0948-5721","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Edinburgh, GB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016434897","display_name":"James R. Hopgood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3029-2425"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James R. Hopgood","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Edinburgh, GB"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3029-2425","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Edinburgh, GB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076320344","display_name":"B. Mulgrew","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8082-2818"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernard Mulgrew","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Edinburgh, GB"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Edinburgh, GB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6651,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69282409,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"18","first_page":"4935","last_page":"4945"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-mean-square-error","display_name":"Minimum mean square error","score":0.7036431431770325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6904785633087158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.5905417203903198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.5901643633842468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5678455829620361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5301329493522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.48634034395217896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.48017802834510803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.4760991334915161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.45626237988471985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-approximation","display_name":"Linear approximation","score":0.44482147693634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-process","display_name":"Gaussian process","score":0.4423852562904358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exponential-function","display_name":"Exponential function","score":0.432588130235672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4025118350982666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3816450834274292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.14390119910240173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10860377550125122}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90652560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11091747","display_name":"Minimum mean square error","level":3,"score":0.7036431431770325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6904785633087158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.5905417203903198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5901643633842468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5678455829620361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5301329493522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.48634034395217896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.48017802834510803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.4760991334915161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.45626237988471985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160824197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2071054","display_name":"Linear approximation","level":3,"score":0.44482147693634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61326573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1496376","display_name":"Gaussian process","level":3,"score":0.4423852562904358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151376022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168698","display_name":"Exponential function","level":2,"score":0.432588130235672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4025118350982666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3816450834274292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.14390119910240173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10860377550125122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2018.2864571","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2018.2864571","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.ed.ac.uk:openaire/cff025e8-a534-44bc-b3dd-1c0399b6b73c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/cff025e8-a534-44bc-b3dd-1c0399b6b73c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922455","display_name":"Edinburgh Research Explorer","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Herbert, S, Hopgood, J R & Mulgrew, B 2018, 'Computationally simple MMSE (A-optimal) Adaptive Beam-pattern Design for MIMO Active Sensing Systems via a Linear-Gaussian Approximation', IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 66, no. 18, pp. 4935 - 4945. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2018.2864571","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.ed.ac.uk:publications/cff025e8-a534-44bc-b3dd-1c0399b6b73c","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11820/cff025e8-a534-44bc-b3dd-1c0399b6b73c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922455","display_name":"Edinburgh Research Explorer","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.ed.ac.uk:openaire/cff025e8-a534-44bc-b3dd-1c0399b6b73c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/cff025e8-a534-44bc-b3dd-1c0399b6b73c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922455","display_name":"Edinburgh Research Explorer","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Herbert, S, Hopgood, J R & Mulgrew, B 2018, 'Computationally simple MMSE (A-optimal) Adaptive Beam-pattern Design for MIMO Active Sensing Systems via a Linear-Gaussian Approximation', IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 66, no. 18, pp. 4935 - 4945. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2018.2864571","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2851751312","display_name":"Signal Processing 4 the Networked Battlespace","funder_award_id":"EP/K014277/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8726282573","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/K014277/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W57907407","https://openalex.org/W747911303","https://openalex.org/W1513008779","https://openalex.org/W1571075643","https://openalex.org/W1584275471","https://openalex.org/W1600022730","https://openalex.org/W1749494163","https://openalex.org/W1980400075","https://openalex.org/W1990958021","https://openalex.org/W2019381399","https://openalex.org/W2020934227","https://openalex.org/W2022613409","https://openalex.org/W2040196349","https://openalex.org/W2043535461","https://openalex.org/W2063146632","https://openalex.org/W2065725727","https://openalex.org/W2077811569","https://openalex.org/W2092943378","https://openalex.org/W2156576615","https://openalex.org/W2171507690","https://openalex.org/W2171576754","https://openalex.org/W2191074260","https://openalex.org/W2192698682","https://openalex.org/W2777535053","https://openalex.org/W2778951558","https://openalex.org/W2788509359","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4252740976","https://openalex.org/W4255052368"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2033696532","https://openalex.org/W2943608562","https://openalex.org/W2105112451","https://openalex.org/W2955563934","https://openalex.org/W2093893649","https://openalex.org/W2909268887","https://openalex.org/W2990410399","https://openalex.org/W2917192899","https://openalex.org/W2152161817","https://openalex.org/W2370649665"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"an":[3],"approximate":[4,22,74,116],"minimum":[5],"mean":[6,124],"squared":[7,125],"error":[8,126],"(MMSE)":[9],"adaptive":[10],"beam-pattern":[11],"design":[12],"(ABD)":[13],"method":[14,25,119],"for":[15,88,104],"MIMO":[16,31,42],"active":[17,43],"sensing":[18,44],"systems.":[19],"The":[20],"proposed":[21,73,115],"MMSE":[23,117,150],"ABD":[24,118],"leverages":[26],"the":[27,30,61,72,81,91,94,114,123,133],"physics":[28],"of":[29,63,71,83,90,127,142,145],"arrays":[32],"to":[33,41,132,148],"provide":[34],"a":[35,48,105,109,137],"linear-Gaussian":[36],"approximation":[37],"that":[38,69],"is":[39,96],"specific":[40],"systems,":[45],"and":[46],"yields":[47],"computationally":[49],"simple":[50,106],"optimization":[51,75],"problem.":[52],"Computational":[53],"complexity":[54],"analysis":[55],"confirms":[56],"this":[57],"theoretical":[58],"reduction":[59,138],"in":[60,139],"number":[62,82],"floating-point":[64],"operations":[65],"required,":[66],"most":[67],"notably":[68],"evaluation":[70,89],"cost":[76,93],"function":[77],"grows":[78],"polynomially":[79],"with":[80,108,136],"targets":[84],"being":[85,112],"tracked,":[86,113],"whereas":[87],"exact":[92,149],"growth":[95],"exponential.":[97],"Additionally,":[98],"numerical":[99],"results":[100],"indicate":[101],"that,":[102],"even":[103],"scenario":[107],"single":[110],"target":[111,128],"does":[120],"indeed":[121],"reduce":[122],"parameter":[129],"estimation":[130],"compared":[131,147],"nonadaptive":[134],"case,":[135],"computation":[140],"time":[141],"four":[143],"orders":[144],"magnitude":[146],"ABD.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
