{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1563429468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2016.2521609","title":"Broadbeam for Massive MIMO Systems","display_name":"Broadbeam for Massive MIMO Systems","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1563429468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2016.2521609","mag":"1563429468"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2016.2521609","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2016.2521609","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1503.06882","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045306965","display_name":"Deli Qiao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deli Qiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science & Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","School of Information Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science & Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071189955","display_name":"Haifeng Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4920-5405"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haifeng Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science & Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","School of Information Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science & Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039289964","display_name":"Geoffrey Ye Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7894-2415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geoffrey Ye Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia","School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.564,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":52,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93044205,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"64","issue":"9","first_page":"2365","last_page":"2374"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.8604221343994141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.8208152055740356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6873222589492798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cover","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","score":0.612475574016571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5414803624153137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3g-mimo","display_name":"3G MIMO","score":0.5113222599029541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4991159439086914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-interface","display_name":"Air interface","score":0.4800916016101837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-control","display_name":"Power control","score":0.4769936203956604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.45398443937301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.38664674758911133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.36483922600746155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.33832067251205444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.32319962978363037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15172377228736877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.09170129895210266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07393619418144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.05700066685676575}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.8604221343994141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.8208152055740356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6873222589492798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780428219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16952335","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.612475574016571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5414803624153137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165650700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4636347","display_name":"3G MIMO","level":4,"score":0.5113222599029541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4991159439086914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776362087","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q455112","display_name":"Air interface","level":3,"score":0.4800916016101837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56685638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2300474","display_name":"Power control","level":3,"score":0.4769936203956604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.45398443937301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.38664674758911133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.36483922600746155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.33832067251205444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.32319962978363037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15172377228736877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.09170129895210266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07393619418144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.05700066685676575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2016.2521609","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2016.2521609","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1503.06882","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.06882","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1503.06882","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1503.06882","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.06882","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1503.06882","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5699999928474426}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2375626257","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u73af\u5883\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61571191","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5850978604","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13JC1403502","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G900134287","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61572192","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","ror":"https://ror.org/03kt66j61"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1565450917","https://openalex.org/W1977207404","https://openalex.org/W1978423571","https://openalex.org/W1979905340","https://openalex.org/W1985253322","https://openalex.org/W2023535408","https://openalex.org/W2041463139","https://openalex.org/W2052019609","https://openalex.org/W2077949195","https://openalex.org/W2101815503","https://openalex.org/W2103972037","https://openalex.org/W2128513990","https://openalex.org/W2129640939","https://openalex.org/W2132679193","https://openalex.org/W2141682101","https://openalex.org/W2146038629","https://openalex.org/W2147601077","https://openalex.org/W2155951048","https://openalex.org/W2159995098","https://openalex.org/W2952891129","https://openalex.org/W2985849463","https://openalex.org/W3102742593","https://openalex.org/W3104532765","https://openalex.org/W3106282754"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038397443","https://openalex.org/W4200145345","https://openalex.org/W2112785353","https://openalex.org/W2941374357","https://openalex.org/W1561113522","https://openalex.org/W1495906304","https://openalex.org/W1993205288","https://openalex.org/W4390496060","https://openalex.org/W1520753245","https://openalex.org/W2529849760"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Massive":[0],"MIMO":[1,113],"has":[2],"been":[3],"identified":[4],"as":[5,104],"one":[6],"of":[7,20,27,110],"the":[8,16,30,42,53,111],"promising":[9],"disruptive":[10],"air":[11],"interface":[12],"techniques":[13],"to":[14,34,37,51,60],"address":[15],"huge":[17],"capacity":[18],"requirement":[19],"5G":[21],"wireless":[22],"communications.":[23],"For":[24],"practical":[25,108],"deployment":[26,109],"such":[28],"systems,":[29],"control":[31],"message":[32],"needs":[33],"be":[35],"broadcast":[36],"all":[38,58],"users":[39,62],"reliably":[40],"in":[41,57,63,66,97],"cell":[43],"using":[44],"broadbeam.":[45,83],"A":[46],"perfect":[47,82],"broadbeam":[48,91],"is":[49,77],"expected":[50],"have":[52],"same":[54],"radiated":[55,98],"power":[56],"directions":[59],"cover":[61],"any":[64],"place":[65],"a":[67,87],"cell.":[68],"In":[69],"this":[70,101],"paper,":[71],"we":[72,85],"will":[73],"show":[74],"that":[75,92],"there":[76],"no":[78],"non-trivial":[79],"solution":[80],"for":[81,89,107],"Therefore,":[84],"develop":[86],"method":[88],"generating":[90],"can":[93,102],"allow":[94],"tiny":[95],"fluctuation":[96],"power.":[99],"Overall,":[100],"serve":[103],"an":[105],"ingredient":[106],"massive":[112],"systems.":[114]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}