{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2128869993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2014.2336613","title":"Bayesian Discovery of Threat Networks","display_name":"Bayesian Discovery of Threat Networks","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-09-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2128869993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2014.2336613","mag":"2128869993"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2014.2336613","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2014.2336613","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/78/6889149/06850046.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/78/6889149/06850046.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003918228","display_name":"Steven T. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0730-0535"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven T. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA","[MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085426788","display_name":"Edward K. Kao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8880-0691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward K. Kao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA","[MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038352222","display_name":"Kenneth D. Senne","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth D. Senne","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA","[MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007854340","display_name":"Garrett Bernstein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8050-377X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Garrett Bernstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA","[MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004694824","display_name":"Scott Philips","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott Philips","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA","[MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5185,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8999703,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"20","first_page":"5324","last_page":"5338"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9782999753952026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-walk","display_name":"Random walk","score":0.6481858491897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.6270392537117004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5781998038291931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.5742271542549133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-network","display_name":"Bayesian network","score":0.5018770694732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4859820306301117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equivalence","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","score":0.45968931913375854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-graph","display_name":"Random graph","score":0.42137184739112854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.40083229541778564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.37207484245300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.364385187625885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3384284973144531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3134998083114624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.13513940572738647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1259596049785614}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121194460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856741","display_name":"Random walk","level":2,"score":0.6481858491897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.6270392537117004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5781998038291931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.5742271542549133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33724603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812540","display_name":"Bayesian network","level":2,"score":0.5018770694732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4859820306301117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780069185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7977945","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","level":2,"score":0.45968931913375854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47458327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910404","display_name":"Random graph","level":3,"score":0.42137184739112854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.40083229541778564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.37207484245300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.364385187625885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3384284973144531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3134998083114624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.13513940572738647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1259596049785614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2014.2336613","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2014.2336613","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/78/6889149/06850046.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1303.5613","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1303.5613","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1303.5613","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1311.5552","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1311.5552","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1311.5552","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.766.288","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.766.288","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1311.5552.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2014.2336613","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2014.2336613","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/78/6889149/06850046.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2128869993.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2128869993.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":104,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W100767074","https://openalex.org/W247697463","https://openalex.org/W328075646","https://openalex.org/W950821216","https://openalex.org/W1207633162","https://openalex.org/W1482680420","https://openalex.org/W1498002294","https://openalex.org/W1500551892","https://openalex.org/W1532331202","https://openalex.org/W1533368239","https://openalex.org/W1535365835","https://openalex.org/W1537510324","https://openalex.org/W1559007059","https://openalex.org/W1578099820","https://openalex.org/W1579375382","https://openalex.org/W1587744656","https://openalex.org/W1698699930","https://openalex.org/W1767515428","https://openalex.org/W1785454933","https://openalex.org/W1971421925","https://openalex.org/W1971788485","https://openalex.org/W1974832079","https://openalex.org/W1998201987","https://openalex.org/W2002470750","https://openalex.org/W2002727114","https://openalex.org/W2007513481","https://openalex.org/W2011645976","https://openalex.org/W2013153664","https://openalex.org/W2014259951","https://openalex.org/W2015953751","https://openalex.org/W2019009079","https://openalex.org/W2023808821","https://openalex.org/W2033852356","https://openalex.org/W2040840530","https://openalex.org/W2045107949","https://openalex.org/W2046942789","https://openalex.org/W2062306755","https://openalex.org/W2067247412","https://openalex.org/W2073094091","https://openalex.org/W2080397156","https://openalex.org/W2086254934","https://openalex.org/W2096188852","https://openalex.org/W2097308346","https://openalex.org/W2107107106","https://openalex.org/W2107940287","https://openalex.org/W2110516368","https://openalex.org/W2111002549","https://openalex.org/W2111565546","https://openalex.org/W2111772797","https://openalex.org/W2112494680","https://openalex.org/W2114030927","https://openalex.org/W2116402476","https://openalex.org/W2117208220","https://openalex.org/W2121947440","https://openalex.org/W2123631178","https://openalex.org/W2124477890","https://openalex.org/W2127048411","https://openalex.org/W2128366083","https://openalex.org/W2130439782","https://openalex.org/W2130469104","https://openalex.org/W2133380705","https://openalex.org/W2137495254","https://openalex.org/W2145154306","https://openalex.org/W2146008005","https://openalex.org/W2148495153","https://openalex.org/W2148606196","https://openalex.org/W2148839232","https://openalex.org/W2151417892","https://openalex.org/W2153387921","https://openalex.org/W2160167256","https://openalex.org/W2162148078","https://openalex.org/W2162384258","https://openalex.org/W2163175782","https://openalex.org/W2165562800","https://openalex.org/W2166616985","https://openalex.org/W2322668496","https://openalex.org/W2492831235","https://openalex.org/W2572321817","https://openalex.org/W2595697910","https://openalex.org/W2792874300","https://openalex.org/W2798588639","https://openalex.org/W2803316390","https://openalex.org/W2985777077","https://openalex.org/W3029087166","https://openalex.org/W3084215317","https://openalex.org/W3102641634","https://openalex.org/W3143219376","https://openalex.org/W3149782317","https://openalex.org/W4230274305","https://openalex.org/W4232338303","https://openalex.org/W4233464598","https://openalex.org/W4237078129","https://openalex.org/W4238591275","https://openalex.org/W4251670979","https://openalex.org/W4298404569","https://openalex.org/W4298822553","https://openalex.org/W4318901880","https://openalex.org/W4401265187","https://openalex.org/W6611287915","https://openalex.org/W6638132977","https://openalex.org/W6676274861","https://openalex.org/W6681582791","https://openalex.org/W6683855311","https://openalex.org/W6684194576"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2523525694","https://openalex.org/W2998642566","https://openalex.org/W2392682561","https://openalex.org/W57793151","https://openalex.org/W2804882289","https://openalex.org/W2727423897","https://openalex.org/W2497612952","https://openalex.org/W4247948804","https://openalex.org/W2392053643","https://openalex.org/W2595182909"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,61,86],"novel":[1],"unified":[2],"Bayesian":[3,82],"framework":[4],"for":[5,59,101],"network":[6],"detection":[7,13,66],"is":[8,15,35,46,68,84,90,99,118],"developed,":[9],"under":[10],"which":[11],"a":[12,49,56,102,121],"algorithm":[14,24,45],"derived":[16],"based":[17],"on":[18,21,112],"random":[19,75,129],"walks":[20],"graphs.":[22],"The":[23,44],"detects":[25],"threat":[26],"networks":[27,131],"using":[28,120],"partial":[29],"observations":[30],"of":[31,73],"their":[32],"activity,":[33],"and":[34,55,70,77,98],"proved":[36],"to":[37,63,80,108,127],"be":[38],"optimum":[39],"in":[40],"the":[41,71,74,81],"Neyman\u2013Pearson":[42],"sense.":[43],"defined":[47],"by":[48],"graph,":[50],"at":[51],"least":[52],"one":[53],"observation,":[54],"diffusion":[57,88],"model":[58,89],"threat.":[60],"link":[62],"well-known":[64],"spectral":[65],"methods":[67],"provided,":[69],"equivalence":[72],"walk":[76],"harmonic":[78],"solutions":[79],"formulation":[83,105],"proven.":[85],"general":[87],"introduced":[91,126],"that":[92,106],"utilizes":[93],"spatio-temporal":[94],"relationships":[95],"between":[96],"vertices,":[97],"used":[100],"specific":[103],"space-time":[104],"leads":[107],"significant":[109],"performance":[110,117],"improvements":[111],"coordinated":[113],"covert":[114,130],"networks.":[115],"This":[116],"demonstrated":[119],"new":[122],"hybrid":[123],"mixed-membership":[124],"blockmodel":[125],"simulate":[128],"with":[132],"realistic":[133],"properties.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
