{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2058405199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2014.2330804","title":"VLSI Implementation of a Non-Binary Decoder Based on the Analog Digital Belief Propagation","display_name":"VLSI Implementation of a Non-Binary Decoder Based on the Analog Digital Belief Propagation","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2058405199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2014.2330804","mag":"2058405199"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2014.2330804","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2014.2330804","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://porto.polito.it/2518906/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100778584","display_name":"Muhammad Awais","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3791-4140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Awais","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Comsats Institute of Information Technology, Wah Cantt, Pakistan","Department of Electrical Engineering, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology,Wah Cantt, Pakistan#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Comsats Institute of Information Technology, Wah Cantt, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology,Wah Cantt, Pakistan#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074150684","display_name":"Guido Masera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2238-9443"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guido Masera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electronics and Telecommunication, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","Department of Electronics and Telecommunication, Politecnico di Torino, Torino"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electronics and Telecommunication, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Telecommunication, Politecnico di Torino, Torino","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026016005","display_name":"Maurizio Martina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3069-0319"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maurizio Martina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electronics and Telecommunication, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","Department of Electronics and Telecommunication, Politecnico di Torino, Torino"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electronics and Telecommunication, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Telecommunication, Politecnico di Torino, Torino","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032938856","display_name":"G. Montorsi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9706-1824"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guido Montorsi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electronics and Telecommunication, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","Department of Electronics and Telecommunication, Politecnico di Torino, Torino"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electronics and Telecommunication, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Telecommunication, Politecnico di Torino, Torino","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7413,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86637311,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"15","first_page":"3965","last_page":"3975"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/very-large-scale-integration","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","score":0.7769482135772705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6957544684410095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.5963144302368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.5302450656890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.4464758634567261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/belief-propagation","display_name":"Belief propagation","score":0.41805756092071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-data","display_name":"Binary data","score":0.4121232032775879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.35440078377723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.3333934545516968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3259199857711792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.3056546449661255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2812507748603821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.19406229257583618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1623629331588745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13297119736671448}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14580979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876049","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","level":2,"score":0.7769482135772705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6957544684410095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.5963144302368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.5302450656890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.4464758634567261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152948882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4060686","display_name":"Belief propagation","level":3,"score":0.41805756092071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779190172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4913888","display_name":"Binary data","level":3,"score":0.4121232032775879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.35440078377723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.3333934545516968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3259199857711792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.3056546449661255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2812507748603821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.19406229257583618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1623629331588745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13297119736671448}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2014.2330804","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2014.2330804","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:porto.polito.it:2518906","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://porto.polito.it/2518906/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402038","display_name":"PORTO Publications Open Repository TOrino (Politecnico di Torino)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","host_organization_name":"Politecnico di Torino","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN:1053-587X","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:porto.polito.it:2518906","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://porto.polito.it/2518906/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402038","display_name":"PORTO Publications Open Repository TOrino (Politecnico di Torino)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","host_organization_name":"Politecnico di Torino","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN:1053-587X","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506964462","https://openalex.org/W1934021597","https://openalex.org/W1964316706","https://openalex.org/W1996825689","https://openalex.org/W2032222394","https://openalex.org/W2036158324","https://openalex.org/W2046073577","https://openalex.org/W2052963087","https://openalex.org/W2064450393","https://openalex.org/W2068102820","https://openalex.org/W2080266722","https://openalex.org/W2086112425","https://openalex.org/W2091205177","https://openalex.org/W2109866575","https://openalex.org/W2114758843","https://openalex.org/W2115663396","https://openalex.org/W2120062331","https://openalex.org/W2127370988","https://openalex.org/W2128709068","https://openalex.org/W2143687662","https://openalex.org/W2146774798","https://openalex.org/W2168555066","https://openalex.org/W2173776306","https://openalex.org/W3016843226","https://openalex.org/W6640231202"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3168025566","https://openalex.org/W2138234224","https://openalex.org/W2367936931","https://openalex.org/W2360883279","https://openalex.org/W260676673","https://openalex.org/W2126854855","https://openalex.org/W2387599670","https://openalex.org/W2160748107","https://openalex.org/W205605968","https://openalex.org/W2275333485"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"work":[1],"presents":[2],"the":[3,54,87,130,146,152,156,183,201],"VLSI":[4],"hardware":[5,140],"implementation":[6,186],"of":[7,56,80,90,94,104,148,155,161,195,200,205],"a":[8,91,174,189],"novel":[9],"Belief":[10,37],"Propagation":[11,38],"(BP)":[12],"algorithm":[13,42,135],"introduced":[14],"in":[15,53],"[G.":[16],"Montorsi,":[17],"\u201cAnalog":[18],"digital":[19,115],"belief":[20],"propagation,\u201d":[21],"IEEE":[22],"Commun.":[23],"Lett.,":[24],"vol.":[25],"16,":[26],"no.":[27],"7,":[28],"pp.":[29],"1106-1109,":[30],"2012]":[31],"and":[32,50,98,167,187],"named":[33],"as":[34],"Analog":[35],"Digital":[36],"(ADBP).":[39],"The":[40],"ADBP":[41,67,81,134,176,206],"works":[43],"on":[44,151],"factor":[45],"graphs":[46],"over":[47],"linear":[48],"models":[49],"uses":[51],"messages":[52],"form":[55],"Gaussian":[57],"like":[58],"probability":[59],"distributions":[60],"by":[61],"tracking":[62],"their":[63],"parameters.":[64],"In":[65,122,142],"particular,":[66],"can":[68,82],"deal":[69],"with":[70,101,118],"system":[71],"variables":[72,169],"that":[73,136,179],"are":[74,137,207],"discrete":[75],"and/or":[76],"wrapped.":[77],"A":[78,158],"variant":[79],"then":[83],"be":[84],"applied":[85],"for":[86,114,133,139,164,192,209],"iterative":[88],"decoding":[89,153,177],"particular":[92],"class":[93],"non":[95],"binary":[96],"codes":[97],"yields":[99],"decoders":[100,113],"complexity":[102,191],"independent":[103],"alphabet":[105],"size":[106],"M,":[107],"thus":[108],"allowing":[109],"to":[110,129,172,182],"construct":[111,173],"efficient":[112],"transmission":[116],"systems":[117],"unbounded":[119],"spectral":[120],"efficiency.":[121],"this":[123],"work,":[124],"we":[125,144],"propose":[126],"some":[127],"simplifications":[128],"updating":[131],"rules":[132],"suitable":[138],"implementation.":[141],"addition,":[143],"analyze":[145],"effect":[147],"finite":[149],"precision":[150,185],"performance":[154],"algorithm.":[157],"careful":[159],"selection":[160],"quantization":[162],"scheme":[163],"input,":[165],"output":[166],"intermediate":[168],"allows":[170],"us":[171],"complete":[175],"architecture":[178],"performs":[180],"close":[181],"double":[184],"shows":[188],"promising":[190],"large":[193],"values":[194],"M.":[196],"Finally,":[197],"synthesis":[198],"results":[199],"main":[202],"processing":[203],"elements":[204],"reported":[208],"45":[210],"nm":[211],"standard":[212],"cell":[213],"ASIC":[214],"technology.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}