{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2138320838","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2014.2298384","title":"Real-Valued MUSIC for Efficient Direction Estimation With Arbitrary Array Geometries","display_name":"Real-Valued MUSIC for Efficient Direction Estimation With Arbitrary Array Geometries","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2138320838","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2014.2298384","mag":"2138320838"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2014.2298384","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2014.2298384","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068699389","display_name":"Feng\u2010Gang Yan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Feng-Gang Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Harbin Inst. of Technol., Harbin, , China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Harbin Inst. of Technol., Harbin, , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101525972","display_name":"Ming Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0170-7281"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, China","Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Harbin Inst. of Technol., Weihai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Harbin Inst. of Technol., Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100722659","display_name":"Shuai Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6886-2892"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, China","Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Harbin Inst. of Technol., Weihai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Harbin Inst. of Technol., Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084281113","display_name":"Xiaolin Qiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5554-6655"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao-Lin Qiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, China","Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Harbin Inst. of Technol., Weihai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Harbin Inst. of Technol., Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068699389"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.2783,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":104,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97835648,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"6","first_page":"1548","last_page":"1560"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.6538619995117188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6523404717445374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.6203727722167969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5737031102180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direction-of-arrival","display_name":"Direction of arrival","score":0.4903278648853302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance-matrix","display_name":"Covariance matrix","score":0.45281922817230225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4527774155139923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.43674638867378235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3439769744873047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.19211223721504211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.12566933035850525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.0948631763458252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.08233833312988281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.0800049901008606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.6538619995117188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6523404717445374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.6203727722167969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5737031102180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172051844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5280438","display_name":"Direction of arrival","level":3,"score":0.4903278648853302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185142706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134404","display_name":"Covariance matrix","level":2,"score":0.45281922817230225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4527774155139923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.43674638867378235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3439769744873047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.19211223721504211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12566933035850525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0948631763458252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.08233833312988281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0800049901008606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2014.2298384","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2014.2298384","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1571843546","https://openalex.org/W1911857725","https://openalex.org/W1978671687","https://openalex.org/W1983699108","https://openalex.org/W2011768471","https://openalex.org/W2021046826","https://openalex.org/W2033870017","https://openalex.org/W2055838441","https://openalex.org/W2066218102","https://openalex.org/W2086121161","https://openalex.org/W2097610668","https://openalex.org/W2111443006","https://openalex.org/W2111624608","https://openalex.org/W2113638573","https://openalex.org/W2116414176","https://openalex.org/W2116615181","https://openalex.org/W2122046351","https://openalex.org/W2123930706","https://openalex.org/W2126023613","https://openalex.org/W2128131274","https://openalex.org/W2136172079","https://openalex.org/W2141904749","https://openalex.org/W2161135203","https://openalex.org/W2162654459","https://openalex.org/W2164997031","https://openalex.org/W2167319728","https://openalex.org/W2168837636","https://openalex.org/W2170553224","https://openalex.org/W2171994787","https://openalex.org/W2979864212"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980381208","https://openalex.org/W2364594919","https://openalex.org/W2167092671","https://openalex.org/W4287880334","https://openalex.org/W1861706286","https://openalex.org/W2219338811","https://openalex.org/W2149583853","https://openalex.org/W4382204317","https://openalex.org/W2100915163","https://openalex.org/W2113817303"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"of":[1,42,53,60,71,75,86,117,160],"the":[2,15,23,40,50,57,68,78,84,87,118,135,161,173,181,198],"existing":[3],"methods":[4],"for":[5,130],"direction-of-arrival":[6],"(DOA)":[7],"estimation":[8,44],"are":[9,77],"based":[10],"on":[11,111,180],"numerical":[12,187],"characteristics":[13],"behind":[14],"entire":[16,119],"array":[17,143],"output":[18],"covariance":[19],"matrix":[20],"(AOCM).":[21],"Since":[22],"AOCM":[24,54,61],"is":[25,65,121],"generally":[26],"a":[27,97,100,107,154,166,193],"complex":[28,34],"matrix,":[29],"those":[30],"approaches":[31],"require":[32],"tremendous":[33],"computations":[35,47],"accordingly.":[36],"This":[37],"paper":[38],"addresses":[39],"problem":[41],"DOA":[43],"with":[45,83,106,124,141,148,165],"real-valued":[46,102,108,167],"by":[48,175],"considering":[49],"real":[51],"part":[52,59],"(R-AOCM)":[55],"and":[56,73,91,170,186],"imaginary":[58],"(I-AOCM)":[62],"separately.":[63],"It":[64],"shown":[66],"that":[67,74,190],"null":[69],"space":[70],"R-AOCM":[72],"I-AOCM":[76],"same":[79],"subspace,":[80,169],"which":[81],"coincides":[82],"intersection":[85],"original":[88],"noise":[89,168],"subspace":[90,109],"its":[92],"conjugate":[93],"subspace.":[94],"Using":[95],"such":[96],"mathematical":[98],"fact,":[99],"novel":[101],"MUSIC":[103,147],"(RV-MUSIC)":[104],"estimator":[105],"decomposition":[110],"only":[112,131,158],"R-ACOM":[113],"(or":[114],"I-AOCM)":[115],"instead":[116],"ACOM":[120],"derived.":[122],"Compared":[123],"most":[125],"state-of-the-art":[126],"unitary":[127],"algorithms":[128],"suitable":[129],"centro-symmetric":[132],"arrays":[133],"(CSAs),":[134],"proposed":[136],"technique":[137],"can":[138],"be":[139],"used":[140],"arbitrary":[142],"geometries.":[144],"Unlike":[145],"conventional":[146],"exhaustive":[149],"spectral":[150],"search,":[151],"RV-MUSIC":[152,191],"involves":[153],"limited":[155],"search":[156],"over":[157],"half":[159],"total":[162],"angular":[163],"field-of-view":[164],"hence":[171],"reduces":[172],"complexity":[174],"75%.":[176],"Theoretical":[177],"performance":[178],"analysis":[179],"mean":[182],"square":[183],"error":[184],"(MSE)":[185],"simulations":[188],"demonstrate":[189],"shows":[192],"very":[194],"close":[195],"accuracy":[196],"to":[197],"standard":[199],"MUSIC.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}