{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004891662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2012.2195656","title":"Feedback Message Passing for Inference in Gaussian Graphical Models","display_name":"Feedback Message Passing for Inference in Gaussian Graphical Models","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-07-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004891662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2012.2195656","mag":"2004891662"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2012.2195656","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2012.2195656","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1105.1853","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082030846","display_name":"Ying D. Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3483-5909"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143601","display_name":"Decision Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0434dpa13","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143601"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ying Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stochastic Systems Group, Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","Stochastic Syst. Group, Massachusetts Inst. of Technol., Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stochastic Systems Group, Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143601","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stochastic Syst. Group, Massachusetts Inst. of Technol., Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105003932","display_name":"Venkat Chandrasekaran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Venkat Chandrasekaran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","Dept. of Comput. & Math. Sci., California Inst. of Technol., Pasadena, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. & Math. Sci., California Inst. of Technol., Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023215207","display_name":"Animashree Anandkumar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Animashree Anandkumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Pervasive Communications and Computing, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA","Center for Pervasive Commun. & Comput., Univ. of California, Irvine, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Pervasive Communications and Computing, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Pervasive Commun. & Comput., Univ. of California, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107833743","display_name":"Alan S. Willsky","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143601","display_name":"Decision Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0434dpa13","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143601"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan S. Willsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stochastic Systems Group, Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","Stochastic Syst. Group, Massachusetts Inst. of Technol., Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stochastic Systems Group, Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143601","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stochastic Syst. Group, Massachusetts Inst. of Technol., Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082030846"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143601","https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.5161,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97060014,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"8","first_page":"4135","last_page":"4150"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12814","display_name":"Gaussian Processes and Bayesian Inference","score":0.9847000241279602,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/belief-propagation","display_name":"Belief propagation","score":0.7585415244102478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphical-model","display_name":"Graphical model","score":0.7384978532791138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.6966806650161743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/message-passing","display_name":"Message passing","score":0.6928606033325195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factor-graph","display_name":"Factor graph","score":0.5607908368110657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4962943196296692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4956001043319702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4685588479042053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4533233046531677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.4435670077800751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.4432205557823181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4142942726612091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.37021559476852417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.2030772566795349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13407757878303528}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152948882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4060686","display_name":"Belief propagation","level":3,"score":0.7585415244102478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155846161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143367","display_name":"Graphical model","level":2,"score":0.7384978532791138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.6966806650161743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C854659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1859284","display_name":"Message passing","level":2,"score":0.6928606033325195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159246509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428725","display_name":"Factor graph","level":3,"score":0.5607908368110657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4962943196296692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4956001043319702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4685588479042053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4533233046531677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.4435670077800751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4432205557823181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4142942726612091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.37021559476852417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.2030772566795349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13407757878303528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":9,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsp.2012.2195656","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2012.2195656","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168680287","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","issn_l":"1053-587X","issn":["1053-587X","1941-0476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1105.1853","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1105.1853","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1105.1853","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/73579","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73579","pdf_url":"https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/1721.1/73579/2/Willsky_Feedback%20message.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE","raw_type":"http://purl.org/eprint/type/ConferencePaper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:33349","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20120820-094221711","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402161","display_name":"CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","host_organization_name":"California Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:34688","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://authors.library.caltech.edu/34688/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402161","display_name":"CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","host_organization_name":"California Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Book Section"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.297.466","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.297.466","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://users.cms.caltech.edu/~venkatc/lcaw_fvs_tsp12.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.700.6307","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.700.6307","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.mit.edu/%7Eliu_ying/Publications/FMPJournal_submitted.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.765.4937","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.765.4937","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1105.1853.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/60177","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/60177","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1105.1853","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1105.1853","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1105.1853","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W214577476","https://openalex.org/W390146837","https://openalex.org/W1520511539","https://openalex.org/W1552180419","https://openalex.org/W1560512119","https://openalex.org/W1580038098","https://openalex.org/W1971393213","https://openalex.org/W1973848809","https://openalex.org/W1985300267","https://openalex.org/W2024517697","https://openalex.org/W2033222113","https://openalex.org/W2047470084","https://openalex.org/W2047766986","https://openalex.org/W2050620052","https://openalex.org/W2056452950","https://openalex.org/W2081880478","https://openalex.org/W2101736851","https://openalex.org/W2103374230","https://openalex.org/W2111521164","https://openalex.org/W2114466308","https://openalex.org/W2129031807","https://openalex.org/W2129287737","https://openalex.org/W2130009812","https://openalex.org/W2137541800","https://openalex.org/W2145961753","https://openalex.org/W2155205047","https://openalex.org/W2155699737","https://openalex.org/W2158122241","https://openalex.org/W2163364417","https://openalex.org/W2259318968","https://openalex.org/W2296326525","https://openalex.org/W2401610261","https://openalex.org/W2610857016","https://openalex.org/W2611804663","https://openalex.org/W2807232057","https://openalex.org/W2905110430","https://openalex.org/W2912526555","https://openalex.org/W2950274231","https://openalex.org/W3104266932","https://openalex.org/W4235499294","https://openalex.org/W4313198092","https://openalex.org/W4388323202","https://openalex.org/W6633146112","https://openalex.org/W6633434192","https://openalex.org/W6676628830","https://openalex.org/W6683951949","https://openalex.org/W6752562311","https://openalex.org/W6764345243"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2122977448","https://openalex.org/W2124250880","https://openalex.org/W4301665663","https://openalex.org/W2963109230","https://openalex.org/W4388627352","https://openalex.org/W4368755698","https://openalex.org/W3180766726","https://openalex.org/W3177262287","https://openalex.org/W2286197641","https://openalex.org/W2757022491"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"loopy":[1],"belief":[2,51],"propagation":[3,52],"(LBP)":[4],"performs":[5],"reasonably":[6],"well":[7],"for":[8,21,26,46,49,115],"inference":[9,126,176],"in":[10,34,89,118,177],"some":[11,27],"Gaussian":[12],"graphical":[13],"models":[14,28],"with":[15],"cycles,":[16],"its":[17],"performance":[18],"is":[19,54,97,113,127,134,141,153,157,168,186],"unsatisfactory":[20],"many":[22],"others.":[23],"In":[24,58,93,230],"particular":[25],"LBP":[29,298],"does":[30,38],"not":[31],"converge,":[32,39],"and":[33,56,140,174,203,208,225,268,292],"general":[35],"when":[36,195],"it":[37,199],"the":[40,102,106,116,119,135,142,148,151,178,184,206,212,215,223,258,300],"computed":[41],"variances":[42,204],"are":[43],"incorrect":[44],"(except":[45],"cycle-free":[47,91,103],"graphs":[48],"which":[50],"(BP)":[53],"non-iterative":[55],"exact).":[57],"this":[59,284],"paper":[60],"we":[61,161,232,244],"propose":[62,162],"feedback":[63,81,138],"message":[64],"passing":[65],"(FMP),":[66],"a":[67,74,80,90,109,166,250,275],"message-passing":[68,111],"algorithm":[69],"that":[70,273],"makes":[71],"use":[72],"of":[73,77,124,137,145,150,171,214,227,252,257,277],"special":[75,110],"set":[76,83],"vertices":[78],"(called":[79],"vertex":[82],"or":[84],"FVS)":[85],"whose":[86],"removal":[87],"results":[88,221,271,296],"graph.":[92,216,302],"FMP,":[94,164],"standard":[95],"BP":[96],"employed":[98],"several":[99],"times":[100],"on":[101,205,222,236,240,299],"subgraph":[104],"excluding":[105],"FVS":[107,152],"while":[108],"scheme":[112],"used":[114,169],"nodes":[117],"FVS.":[120],"The":[121,255],"computational":[122],"complexity":[123],"exact":[125,201,209],"O(k":[128],"<sup":[129],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[130],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[131],"n),":[132],"where":[133,165,175],"number":[136,144],"nodes,":[139],"total":[143],"nodes.":[146],"When":[147],"size":[149,278],"very":[154],"large,":[155],"FMP":[156,197],"computationally":[158],"costly.":[159],"Hence":[160],"approximate":[163,196,228],"pseudo-FVS":[167,185,207,251,259,276],"instead":[170],"an":[172],"FVS,":[173],"non-cycle-free":[179],"graph":[180],"obtained":[181],"by":[182],"removing":[183],"carried":[187],"out":[188],"approximately":[189],"using":[190,274],"LBP.":[191],"We":[192,217],"show":[193,272],"that,":[194],"converges,":[198],"yields":[200],"means":[202,210],"throughout":[211],"remainder":[213],"also":[218],"provide":[219],"theoretical":[220,242],"convergence":[224],"accuracy":[226],"FMP.":[229],"particular,":[231],"prove":[233],"error":[234],"bounds":[235],"variance":[237],"computation.":[238],"Based":[239],"these":[241],"results,":[243],"design":[245],"efficient":[246],"algorithms":[247],"to":[248,262],"select":[249],"bounded":[253],"size.":[254],"choice":[256],"allows":[260],"us":[261],"explicitly":[263],"trade":[264],"off":[265],"between":[266],"efficiency":[267],"accuracy.":[269],"Experimental":[270],"no":[279],"larger":[280],"than":[281,297],"log":[282],"(n),":[283],"procedure":[285],"converges":[286],"much":[287],"more":[288,290,294],"often,":[289],"quickly,":[291],"provides":[293],"accurate":[295],"entire":[301]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}