{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2167613050","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcc.2010.2065803","title":"Robust Detection of Abandoned and Removed Objects in Complex Surveillance Videos","display_name":"Robust Detection of Abandoned and Removed Objects in Complex Surveillance Videos","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-09-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2167613050","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcc.2010.2065803","mag":"2167613050"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmcc.2010.2065803","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcc.2010.2065803","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227557","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Part C (Applications and Reviews)","issn_l":"1094-6977","issn":["1094-6977","1558-2442"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074244244","display_name":"Yingli Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4458-360X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121847817","display_name":"The Graduate Center, CUNY","ror":"https://ror.org/00awd9g61","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121847817"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125687163","display_name":"City College of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/00wmhkr98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125687163"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093530","display_name":"City College","ror":"https://ror.org/00h90tg62","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174216632","display_name":"City University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/00453a208","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174216632"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"YingLi Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["City College,City College and Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA","IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City College,City College and Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174216632","https://openalex.org/I4210093530","https://openalex.org/I125687163","https://openalex.org/I121847817"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052325109","display_name":"Rog\u00e9rio Feris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6399-0679"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rogerio Schmidt Feris","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075202003","display_name":"Haowei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0439-2692"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haowei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058001839","display_name":"Arun Hampapur","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arun Hampapur","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109127966","display_name":"Ming\u2013Ting Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming-Ting Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074244244"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121847817","https://openalex.org/I125687163","https://openalex.org/I174216632","https://openalex.org/I4210093530","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.9911,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":181,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98791114,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"5","first_page":"565","last_page":"576"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/background-subtraction","display_name":"Background subtraction","score":0.847171425819397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8115160465240479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6398028135299683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6308925747871399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.5984936952590942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5791435837745667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-positive-paradox","display_name":"False positive paradox","score":0.552834153175354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.5281084775924683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame-rate","display_name":"Frame rate","score":0.4605393409729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4366154670715332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixture-model","display_name":"Mixture model","score":0.4331085681915283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.27673274278640747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.1749517321586609}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32653426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813641","display_name":"Background subtraction","level":3,"score":0.847171425819397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8115160465240479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6398028135299683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6308925747871399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.5984936952590942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5791435837745667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64869954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1859747","display_name":"False positive paradox","level":2,"score":0.552834153175354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5281084775924683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3261483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119565","display_name":"Frame rate","level":2,"score":0.4605393409729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4366154670715332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61224824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2260434","display_name":"Mixture model","level":2,"score":0.4331085681915283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.27673274278640747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.1749517321586609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmcc.2010.2065803","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcc.2010.2065803","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227557","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Part C (Applications and Reviews)","issn_l":"1094-6977","issn":["1094-6977","1558-2442"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews)","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.297.9174","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.297.9174","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://rogerioferis.com/publications/SMCC-Abandoned.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W26184156","https://openalex.org/W162706223","https://openalex.org/W192403883","https://openalex.org/W1573546770","https://openalex.org/W1597361666","https://openalex.org/W1935209694","https://openalex.org/W1980423602","https://openalex.org/W1992825118","https://openalex.org/W2010479704","https://openalex.org/W2060208900","https://openalex.org/W2081947144","https://openalex.org/W2102625004","https://openalex.org/W2104733578","https://openalex.org/W2105639500","https://openalex.org/W2111427798","https://openalex.org/W2117299172","https://openalex.org/W2117901857","https://openalex.org/W2119103398","https://openalex.org/W2119205118","https://openalex.org/W2120930188","https://openalex.org/W2121597117","https://openalex.org/W2126297331","https://openalex.org/W2127386210","https://openalex.org/W2128230878","https://openalex.org/W2130106665","https://openalex.org/W2136741060","https://openalex.org/W2140982548","https://openalex.org/W2145615183","https://openalex.org/W2146944152","https://openalex.org/W2154748700","https://openalex.org/W2156620659","https://openalex.org/W2160629490","https://openalex.org/W2161446043","https://openalex.org/W2164400509","https://openalex.org/W2164598857","https://openalex.org/W2164685177","https://openalex.org/W2217896605","https://openalex.org/W2295936755","https://openalex.org/W2532535446","https://openalex.org/W2534262470","https://openalex.org/W3151111735","https://openalex.org/W6607766013","https://openalex.org/W6634202927","https://openalex.org/W6675965542","https://openalex.org/W6676973682","https://openalex.org/W6681169586","https://openalex.org/W6683016761"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2620469466","https://openalex.org/W4244119470","https://openalex.org/W4361022438","https://openalex.org/W2011323037","https://openalex.org/W2002381192","https://openalex.org/W2386749094","https://openalex.org/W2049028248","https://openalex.org/W3138277141","https://openalex.org/W1981978224","https://openalex.org/W39598702"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tracking-based":[0],"approaches":[1],"for":[2,72,86,100,199,217],"abandoned":[3,31,158,167],"object":[4,155],"detection":[5,219],"often":[6],"become":[7],"unreliable":[8],"in":[9,203,245,255],"complex":[10,66,256],"surveillance":[11],"videos":[12],"due":[13],"to":[14,26,47,64,104,165,177,243,250],"occlusions,":[15],"lighting":[16],"changes,":[17],"and":[18,28,32,40,80,151,157,168,186,206,222,228,236,253],"other":[19],"factors.":[20],"We":[21],"present":[22],"a":[23,82,127,160],"new":[24],"framework":[25],"robustly":[27],"efficiently":[29],"detect":[30,105,166],"removed":[33,169],"objects":[34,180],"based":[35],"on":[36,144,194],"background":[37,55],"subtraction":[38],"(BGS)":[39],"foreground":[41,107,135],"analysis":[42],"with":[43,89],"complement":[44],"of":[45,116,147,188,226],"tracking":[46],"reduce":[48],"false":[49],"positives.":[50],"In":[51,62],"our":[52,239],"system,":[53],"the":[54,94,114,117,134,145,148,189],"is":[56,163,174,192,241],"modeled":[57],"by":[58,125,208],"three":[59],"Gaussian":[60,96],"mixtures.":[61],"order":[63],"handle":[65],"situations,":[67],"several":[68,209],"improvements":[69],"are":[70,102,123],"implemented":[71],"shadow":[73],"removal,":[74],"quick-lighting":[75,251],"change":[76],"adaptation,":[77],"fragment":[78],"reduction,":[79],"keeping":[81],"stable":[83],"update":[84],"rate":[85],"video":[87],"streams":[88],"different":[90],"frame":[91],"rates.":[92],"Then,":[93],"same":[95],"mixture":[97],"models":[98],"used":[99],"BGS":[101],"employed":[103],"static":[106,118,149,179],"regions":[108,119,150],"without":[109],"extra":[110],"computation":[111],"cost.":[112],"Furthermore,":[113],"types":[115],"(abandoned":[120],"or":[121],"removed)":[122],"determined":[124],"using":[126],"method":[128,162,191,240],"that":[129],"exploits":[130],"context":[131],"information":[132],"about":[133],"masks,":[136],"which":[137],"significantly":[138],"outperforms":[139],"previous":[140],"edge-based":[141],"techniques.":[142],"Based":[143],"type":[146],"user-defined":[152],"parameters":[153],"(e.g.,":[154],"size":[156],"time),":[159],"matching":[161],"proposed":[164,190],"objects.":[170],"A":[171],"person-detection":[172],"process":[173],"also":[175],"integrated":[176],"distinguish":[178],"from":[181],"stationary":[182],"people.":[183],"The":[184,214,234],"robustness":[185],"efficiency":[187],"tested":[193],"IBM":[195],"Smart":[196],"Surveillance":[197,229],"Solutions":[198],"public":[200,210],"safety":[201],"applications":[202],"big":[204],"cities":[205],"evaluated":[207],"databases,":[211],"such":[212],"as":[213],"Image":[215],"library":[216],"intelligent":[218],"systems":[220],"(i-LIDS)":[221],"IEEE":[223],"Performance":[224],"Evaluation":[225],"Tracking":[227],"Workshop":[230],"(PETS)":[231],"2006":[232],"datasets.":[233],"test":[235],"evaluation":[237],"demonstrate":[238],"efficient":[242],"run":[244],"real-time,":[246],"while":[247],"being":[248],"robust":[249],"changes":[252],"occlusions":[254],"environments.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
