{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2171855237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcb.2011.2124455","title":"A Multiple-Kernel Fuzzy C-Means Algorithm for Image Segmentation","display_name":"A Multiple-Kernel Fuzzy C-Means Algorithm for Image Segmentation","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-04-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2171855237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcb.2011.2124455","mag":"2171855237","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21803693"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmcb.2011.2124455","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcb.2011.2124455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170378","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Part B (Cybernetics)","issn_l":"1083-4419","issn":["1083-4419","1941-0492"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B (Cybernetics)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100336427","display_name":"Long Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0184-5446"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45438204","display_name":"The University of Texas at San Antonio","ror":"https://ror.org/01kd65564","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Long Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas, San Antonio, TX 78249-0669, USA. gbu922@my.utsa.edu","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas, San Antonio, TX 78249-0669, USA. gbu922@my.utsa.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100643265","display_name":"C. L. Philip Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5451-7230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. L. P. Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of Macau, Macau, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of Macau, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111330079","display_name":"Mingzhu Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45438204","display_name":"The University of Texas at San Antonio","ror":"https://ror.org/01kd65564","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingzhu Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":27.9142,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":252,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99730189,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"5","first_page":"1263","last_page":"1274"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.7691508531570435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.6315627694129944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-space-segmentation","display_name":"Scale-space segmentation","score":0.5808810591697693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5695865750312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5638496279716492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5588369965553284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5069620609283447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation-based-object-categorization","display_name":"Segmentation-based object categorization","score":0.5058888792991638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4582154154777527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4543624520301819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-spanning-tree-based-segmentation","display_name":"Minimum spanning tree-based segmentation","score":0.43695729970932007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4032907485961914}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.7691508531570435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.6315627694129944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65885262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7429708","display_name":"Scale-space segmentation","level":4,"score":0.5808810591697693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5695865750312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5638496279716492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5588369965553284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5069620609283447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25694479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7446278","display_name":"Segmentation-based object categorization","level":5,"score":0.5058888792991638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4582154154777527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4543624520301819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42314347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865488","display_name":"Minimum spanning tree-based segmentation","level":5,"score":0.43695729970932007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4032907485961914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004285","descriptor_name":"Dogs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004285","descriptor_name":"Dogs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004285","descriptor_name":"Dogs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017143","descriptor_name":"Fuzzy Logic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017143","descriptor_name":"Fuzzy Logic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017143","descriptor_name":"Fuzzy Logic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmcb.2011.2124455","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmcb.2011.2124455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170378","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Part B (Cybernetics)","issn_l":"1083-4419","issn":["1083-4419","1941-0492"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B (Cybernetics)","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21803693","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21803693","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics : a publication of the IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W53387266","https://openalex.org/W1510073064","https://openalex.org/W1511899434","https://openalex.org/W1533162639","https://openalex.org/W1964182741","https://openalex.org/W1966489199","https://openalex.org/W1973880112","https://openalex.org/W1985702987","https://openalex.org/W1986303633","https://openalex.org/W1992147426","https://openalex.org/W1995302263","https://openalex.org/W2001360116","https://openalex.org/W2005868182","https://openalex.org/W2012742622","https://openalex.org/W2031823405","https://openalex.org/W2032010107","https://openalex.org/W2044689949","https://openalex.org/W2058915639","https://openalex.org/W2061927105","https://openalex.org/W2071254771","https://openalex.org/W2093771778","https://openalex.org/W2096079661","https://openalex.org/W2097324202","https://openalex.org/W2107382837","https://openalex.org/W2108859253","https://openalex.org/W2111787810","https://openalex.org/W2113076747","https://openalex.org/W2114407479","https://openalex.org/W2117991580","https://openalex.org/W2125297725","https://openalex.org/W2126388818","https://openalex.org/W2145864713","https://openalex.org/W2150231499","https://openalex.org/W2152721143","https://openalex.org/W2153797875","https://openalex.org/W2154462399","https://openalex.org/W2163485380","https://openalex.org/W2164201421","https://openalex.org/W2164330327","https://openalex.org/W2167871505","https://openalex.org/W2170864621","https://openalex.org/W6682601670","https://openalex.org/W6683181193"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2185902295","https://openalex.org/W2387793296","https://openalex.org/W1601176293","https://openalex.org/W1558398159","https://openalex.org/W1938145049","https://openalex.org/W2004728402","https://openalex.org/W2021143974","https://openalex.org/W2549765251","https://openalex.org/W2897195263","https://openalex.org/W2588703147"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,19],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"a":[3,14,37,67,96],"generalized":[4],"multiple-kernel":[5],"fuzzy":[6],"C-means":[7],"(FCM)":[8],"(MKFCM)":[9],"methodology":[10],"is":[11,43,88,100],"introduced":[12],"as":[13,59],"framework":[15],"for":[16,49],"image-segmentation":[17,77,107],"problems.":[18,78],"the":[20,24,27,33,46,50,54,91,122,128,136],"framework,":[21],"aside":[22],"from":[23,121],"fact":[25],"that":[26,102],"composite":[28,55],"kernels":[29,42,87],"are":[30,57,109,118],"used":[31],"in":[32,76,90],"kernel":[34,56,92],"FCM":[35],"(KFCM),":[36],"linear":[38,51],"combination":[39],"of":[40,53,112,130,140],"multiple":[41],"proposed":[44,62,123],"and":[45,132,138],"updating":[47],"rules":[48],"coefficients":[52],"derived":[58,120],"well.":[60],"The":[61],"MKFCM":[63,124],"algorithm":[64],"provides":[65],"us":[66],"new":[68,97,115],"flexible":[69],"vehicle":[70],"to":[71,94],"fuse":[72],"different":[73,81,86],"pixel":[74,82],"information":[75,83],"That":[79],"is,":[80],"represented":[84],"by":[85],"combined":[89],"space":[93],"produce":[95],"kernel.":[98],"It":[99],"shown":[101],"two":[103],"successful":[104],"enhanced":[105],"KFCM-based":[106],"algorithms":[108,117],"special":[110],"cases":[111],"MKFCM.":[113],"Several":[114],"segmentation":[116,129],"also":[119],"framework.":[125],"Simulations":[126],"on":[127],"synthetic":[131],"medical":[133],"images":[134],"demonstrate":[135],"flexibility":[137],"advantages":[139],"MKFCM-based":[141],"approaches.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
