{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413822123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2025.3600676","title":"Observer-Based Distributed Control and Power Sharing of Multiterminal DC Transmission Systems With Switching Topology","display_name":"Observer-Based Distributed Control and Power Sharing of Multiterminal DC Transmission Systems With Switching Topology","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413822123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2025.3600676"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2025.3600676","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2025.3600676","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025032996","display_name":"Xiangyong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7560-5467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7560-5467","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100945694","display_name":"Ji Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15823474","display_name":"Linyi University","ror":"https://ror.org/01knv0402","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15823474"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15823474"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112228608","display_name":"Long Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8338-7545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15823474","display_name":"Linyi University","ror":"https://ror.org/01knv0402","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15823474"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Long Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8338-7545","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15823474"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040088510","display_name":"Guanghui Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0070-8597"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guanghui Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0070-8597","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017808266","display_name":"Jinde Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3133-7119"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinde Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3133-7119","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083193684","display_name":"Jianlong Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9886-3570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15823474","display_name":"Linyi University","ror":"https://ror.org/01knv0402","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15823474"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianlong Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9886-3570","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15823474"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8894,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9399407,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"11","first_page":"8072","last_page":"8083"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9420999884605408,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9420999884605408,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9369000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observer","display_name":"Observer (physics)","score":0.7031344175338745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.6798990964889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5632547736167908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-sharing","display_name":"Power sharing","score":0.5596752762794495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5078490376472473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.47220903635025024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45870813727378845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4554270803928375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2263169288635254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18783247470855713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.16844522953033447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1338721513748169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.06895121932029724}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780704645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9251458","display_name":"Observer (physics)","level":2,"score":0.7031344175338745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.6798990964889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5632547736167908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986297989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107969678","display_name":"Power sharing","level":3,"score":0.5596752762794495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5078490376472473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.47220903635025024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45870813727378845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4554270803928375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2263169288635254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18783247470855713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.16844522953033447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1338721513748169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.06895121932029724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2025.3600676","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2025.3600676","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2062266741","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2024QF039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2843151570","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62325304","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3064387289","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2024MF032","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4585534567","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u7fa4\u4f53\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u4f18\u5316\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61833005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G62426012","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U24A20279","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7248913801","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61877033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7419691097","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62173175","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8967878662","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U22B2046","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973578767","https://openalex.org/W2032098152","https://openalex.org/W2724370523","https://openalex.org/W2904350153","https://openalex.org/W2912778211","https://openalex.org/W2949335156","https://openalex.org/W2967579509","https://openalex.org/W2967927404","https://openalex.org/W2983436474","https://openalex.org/W2987261477","https://openalex.org/W3027040292","https://openalex.org/W3036397016","https://openalex.org/W3042217423","https://openalex.org/W3049432921","https://openalex.org/W3088423777","https://openalex.org/W3107574063","https://openalex.org/W3118645495","https://openalex.org/W3137084240","https://openalex.org/W3171692331","https://openalex.org/W3197321043","https://openalex.org/W3197773580","https://openalex.org/W3215157653","https://openalex.org/W4210399280","https://openalex.org/W4255085264","https://openalex.org/W4280519394","https://openalex.org/W4283455837","https://openalex.org/W4285196930","https://openalex.org/W4292970268","https://openalex.org/W4295597909","https://openalex.org/W4295832331","https://openalex.org/W4295934948","https://openalex.org/W4296209570","https://openalex.org/W4296222681","https://openalex.org/W4297238976","https://openalex.org/W4303615101","https://openalex.org/W4312232208"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4283396303","https://openalex.org/W3192036299","https://openalex.org/W4304783011","https://openalex.org/W2146428417","https://openalex.org/W2943115176","https://openalex.org/W3176458675","https://openalex.org/W2561776955","https://openalex.org/W2138120972","https://openalex.org/W576983769","https://openalex.org/W2122087045"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1,103],"investigates":[2],"a":[3,21,36,44,49,73,105,130,152],"distributed":[4,41,93],"fixed-time":[5,97],"secondary":[6],"control":[7,18,95,98],"(FTSC)":[8],"scheme":[9],"to":[10,57,66,91],"eliminate":[11],"dc":[12,23,45,61,67],"voltage":[13,46,62,68],"deviations":[14],"caused":[15],"by":[16,112],"voltage-droop":[17],"(VDC)":[19],"in":[20,101,163],"multiterminal":[22],"transmission":[24],"system":[25],"(MTDCTS)":[26],"with":[27,125,155],"switching":[28],"topology":[29],"and":[30,48,109],"achieve":[31],"precise":[32],"power":[33,50,80,164],"sharing":[34,51,81],"within":[35,72],"fixed":[37,74],"time":[38,108],"frame.":[39],"The":[40,53],"FTSC":[42],"combines":[43],"controller":[47],"controller.":[52],"main":[54],"objective":[55],"is":[56,110,161],"restore":[58],"the":[59,64,83,113,142,145,150],"average":[60],"of":[63,70,116],"converters":[65,84,128,159],"reference":[69],"MTDCTS":[71,154],"time.":[75],"Additionally,":[76],"it":[77],"also":[78],"enables":[79],"among":[82],"based":[85],"on":[86,144],"their":[87],"individual":[88],"capacities.":[89],"Compared":[90],"conventional":[92],"consensus":[94],"(DCC),":[96],"(FTC)":[99],"presented":[100],"this":[102,119],"exhibits":[104],"shorter":[106],"convergence":[107],"unaffected":[111],"initial":[114],"state":[115],"MTDCTS.":[117],"In":[118],"article,":[120],"each":[121],"converter":[122],"communicates":[123],"exclusively":[124],"its":[126],"adjacent":[127],"via":[129],"communication":[131,146],"network":[132],"that":[133],"may":[134],"undergo":[135],"changes":[136],"over":[137],"time,":[138],"which":[139],"helps":[140],"alleviate":[141],"strain":[143],"network.":[147],"To":[148],"test":[149],"FTSC,":[151],"five-terminal":[153],"two":[156],"wind":[157],"farm":[158],"(WFCs)":[160],"created":[162],"systems":[165],"computer":[166],"aided":[167],"design":[168],"(PSCAD)/electromagnetic":[169],"transients":[170],"including":[171],"DC":[172],"(EMTDC).":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}