{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4225753385","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2022.3163019","title":"A Review and Framework for Modeling Complex Engineered System Development Processes","display_name":"A Review and Framework for Modeling Complex Engineered System Development Processes","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4225753385","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2022.3163019"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2022.3163019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2022.3163019","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6221021/9954241/09754986.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6221021/9954241/09754986.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074456933","display_name":"John Meluso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8200-8150"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111236770","display_name":"University of Vermont","ror":"https://ror.org/0155zta11","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111236770"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Meluso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vermont Complex Systems Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8200-8150","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vermont Complex Systems Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111236770"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054456538","display_name":"Jesse Austin\u2010Breneman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jesse Austin-Breneman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062403203","display_name":"James P. Bagrow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4614-0792"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111236770","display_name":"University of Vermont","ror":"https://ror.org/0155zta11","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111236770"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James P. Bagrow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4614-0792","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111236770"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035455593","display_name":"Laurent H\u00e9bert\u2010Dufresne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0008-3673"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111236770","display_name":"University of Vermont","ror":"https://ror.org/0155zta11","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111236770"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurent Hebert-Dufresne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111236770"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3925,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5259578,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"12","first_page":"7679","last_page":"7691"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12000","display_name":"Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12000","display_name":"Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11810","display_name":"Complex Systems and Decision Making","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11729","display_name":"Product Development and Customization","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interdependence","display_name":"Interdependence","score":0.7269642353057861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.7186572551727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5819737315177917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.5329960584640503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-product-development","display_name":"New product development","score":0.5124590992927551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-system","display_name":"Complex system","score":0.4676097631454468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/development","display_name":"Development (topology)","score":0.4356370270252228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foundation","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","score":0.43198806047439575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.41295549273490906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.41116097569465637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.4015496075153351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.393757164478302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.34776443243026733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.3411969542503357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.33266153931617737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21855029463768005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.0798698365688324}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185874996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269699","display_name":"Interdependence","level":2,"score":0.7269642353057861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.7186572551727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5819737315177917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.5329960584640503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19351080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1395034","display_name":"New product development","level":2,"score":0.5124590992927551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47822265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854457","display_name":"Complex system","level":2,"score":0.4676097631454468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5266672","display_name":"Development (topology)","level":2,"score":0.4356370270252228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780966255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5474306","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","level":2,"score":0.43198806047439575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41295549273490906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.41116097569465637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.4015496075153351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.393757164478302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.34776443243026733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3411969542503357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.33266153931617737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21855029463768005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0798698365688324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2022.3163019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2022.3163019","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6221021/9954241/09754986.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2022.3163019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2022.3163019","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6221021/9954241/09754986.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309327","display_name":"Google","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4225753385.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4225753385.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":100,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W604768722","https://openalex.org/W761179351","https://openalex.org/W1483811179","https://openalex.org/W1538921016","https://openalex.org/W1550307157","https://openalex.org/W1824287400","https://openalex.org/W1904957356","https://openalex.org/W1965516122","https://openalex.org/W1966636832","https://openalex.org/W1967753785","https://openalex.org/W1983275606","https://openalex.org/W1984490314","https://openalex.org/W1984625685","https://openalex.org/W1985012054","https://openalex.org/W1985319882","https://openalex.org/W1985937878","https://openalex.org/W1988525826","https://openalex.org/W1988547609","https://openalex.org/W1993205984","https://openalex.org/W2000042664","https://openalex.org/W2008620264","https://openalex.org/W2010608898","https://openalex.org/W2021012767","https://openalex.org/W2031000155","https://openalex.org/W2039173347","https://openalex.org/W2062490363","https://openalex.org/W2064970393","https://openalex.org/W2072225385","https://openalex.org/W2083787309","https://openalex.org/W2083914973","https://openalex.org/W2084834754","https://openalex.org/W2110747032","https://openalex.org/W2113646299","https://openalex.org/W2118817457","https://openalex.org/W2119263727","https://openalex.org/W2121821841","https://openalex.org/W2129466958","https://openalex.org/W2132860920","https://openalex.org/W2133157279","https://openalex.org/W2136897491","https://openalex.org/W2138362530","https://openalex.org/W2142861372","https://openalex.org/W2146462985","https://openalex.org/W2148600920","https://openalex.org/W2150704630","https://openalex.org/W2151352681","https://openalex.org/W2152553113","https://openalex.org/W2153310220","https://openalex.org/W2157606016","https://openalex.org/W2166261012","https://openalex.org/W2166726018","https://openalex.org/W2169855821","https://openalex.org/W2171353368","https://openalex.org/W2181464477","https://openalex.org/W2233174585","https://openalex.org/W2255203180","https://openalex.org/W2326330141","https://openalex.org/W2344708716","https://openalex.org/W2363930778","https://openalex.org/W2410261032","https://openalex.org/W2469311291","https://openalex.org/W2554100062","https://openalex.org/W2582595064","https://openalex.org/W2589821272","https://openalex.org/W2653578872","https://openalex.org/W2745505651","https://openalex.org/W2794349751","https://openalex.org/W2886492474","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2926535828","https://openalex.org/W2947254176","https://openalex.org/W2977667913","https://openalex.org/W2995349999","https://openalex.org/W3000745556","https://openalex.org/W3004231133","https://openalex.org/W3011439212","https://openalex.org/W3027514152","https://openalex.org/W3060442118","https://openalex.org/W3102597582","https://openalex.org/W3118198986","https://openalex.org/W3121754299","https://openalex.org/W3124611862","https://openalex.org/W3126046907","https://openalex.org/W3140951851","https://openalex.org/W4205910794","https://openalex.org/W4231381140","https://openalex.org/W4232737880","https://openalex.org/W4235019172","https://openalex.org/W4235441110","https://openalex.org/W4238384846","https://openalex.org/W4241545792","https://openalex.org/W4241587342","https://openalex.org/W4243219884","https://openalex.org/W4246539823","https://openalex.org/W4248915411","https://openalex.org/W4250860079","https://openalex.org/W4253747006","https://openalex.org/W4299689095","https://openalex.org/W4388331996","https://openalex.org/W6678026057"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2139079562","https://openalex.org/W2749324135","https://openalex.org/W2381393187","https://openalex.org/W2332779545","https://openalex.org/W2908433117","https://openalex.org/W2969604939","https://openalex.org/W2378306841","https://openalex.org/W114687057","https://openalex.org/W3122988618","https://openalex.org/W2185689662"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Developing":[0],"complex":[1],"engineered":[2],"systems":[3,22],"(CES)":[4],"poses":[5],"significant":[6],"challenges":[7],"for":[8,87,170],"engineers,":[9],"managers,":[10],"designers,":[11],"and":[12,23,92,114,151],"businesspeople":[13],"alike":[14],"due":[15],"to":[16,53,172],"the":[17,21,40,62,77,98,110,115,122,125,132,159],"inherent":[18],"complexity":[19],"of":[20,36,65,100,106,137],"contexts":[24],"involved.":[25],"Furthermore,":[26],"experts":[27],"have":[28],"expressed":[29],"great":[30],"interest":[31],"in":[32,56],"building":[33],"a":[34,71,84,107,135,162],"foundation":[35,55],"\u201ctheories\u201d":[37],"that":[38,54],"describe":[39],"patterns":[41],"underlying":[42],"how":[43,89,174],"development":[44,67,93,118,175],"process":[45,94,119,176],"qualities":[46],"shape":[47,178],"system":[48,91,108,133,179],"outcomes.":[49,180],"This":[50],"article":[51,166],"contributes":[52],"two":[57],"ways.":[58],"First,":[59],"it":[60,75,168],"identifies":[61],"core":[63],"elements":[64],"CES":[66,160],"processes":[68],"(CESDPs)":[69],"through":[70,120,149],"literature":[72],"review.":[73],"Then,":[74],"proposes":[76],"ComplEX":[78],"System":[79],"Integrated":[80],"Utilities":[81],"Model":[82],"(CESIUM),":[83],"novel":[85],"framework":[86],"exploring":[88],"numerous":[90],"characteristics":[95,177],"may":[96],"affect":[97],"performance":[99],"CES.":[101],"CESIUM":[102],"creates":[103],"abstract":[104],"representations":[105],"architecture,":[109],"corresponding":[111],"engineering":[112],"organization,":[113],"new":[116],"product":[117],"which":[121],"organization":[123],"designs":[124],"system.":[126],"It":[127],"does":[128],"so":[129],"by":[130,141],"representing":[131],"as":[134],"network":[136],"interdependent":[138],"artifacts":[139,148],"designed":[140],"agents.":[142],"Simulated":[143],"agents":[144],"iteratively":[145],"design":[146],"their":[147],"optimization":[150],"share":[152],"information":[153],"with":[154],"other":[155],"agents,":[156],"thereby":[157],"advancing":[158],"toward":[161],"solution.":[163],"Hence,":[164],"this":[165],"makes":[167],"possible":[169],"researchers":[171],"compare":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}