{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3211351896","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2021.3123136","title":"FastStereoNet: A Fast Neural Architecture Search for Improving the Inference of Disparity Estimation on Resource-Limited Platforms","display_name":"FastStereoNet: A Fast Neural Architecture Search for Improving the Inference of Disparity Estimation on Resource-Limited Platforms","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3211351896","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2021.3123136","mag":"3211351896"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2021.3123136","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2021.3123136","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6221021/9832689/09609009.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6221021/9832689/09609009.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001642408","display_name":"Mohammad Loni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9704-7117"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82509713","display_name":"M\u00e4lardalen University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vfbz75","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82509713"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Loni","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9704-7117","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82509713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054462759","display_name":"Ali Zoljodi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6889-5005"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82509713","display_name":"M\u00e4lardalen University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vfbz75","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82509713"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Zoljodi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6889-5005","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82509713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057820355","display_name":"Amin Majd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7256-6618"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198445264","display_name":"Arcada University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02s466x84","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198445264"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amin Majd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics and Business Analysis, Arcada University of Applied Sciences, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics and Business Analysis, Arcada University of Applied Sciences, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198445264"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042299035","display_name":"Byung Hoon Ahn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2648-8748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Byung Hoon Ahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Alternative Computing Technologies Lab, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2648-8748","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Alternative Computing Technologies Lab, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063193249","display_name":"Masoud Daneshtalab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6289-1521"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82509713","display_name":"M\u00e4lardalen University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vfbz75","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82509713"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masoud Daneshtalab","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6289-1521","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82509713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052013615","display_name":"Mikael Sj\u00f6din","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7586-0409"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82509713","display_name":"M\u00e4lardalen University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vfbz75","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82509713"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mikael Sjodin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7586-0409","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82509713"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084514143","display_name":"Hadi Esmaeilzadeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8548-1039"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hadi Esmaeilzadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Alternative Computing Technologies Lab, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8548-1039","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Alternative Computing Technologies Lab, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":{"value":1781,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1920},"fwci":2.3619,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89847781,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"8","first_page":"5222","last_page":"5234"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6566976308822632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.6394489407539368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.630163848400116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.5341581106185913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5037733912467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4742419123649597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-algorithm","display_name":"Search algorithm","score":0.4463622570037842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulated-annealing","display_name":"Simulated annealing","score":0.43871474266052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.42570897936820984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.24895280599594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1828065812587738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.09361720085144043}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6566976308822632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.6394489407539368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.630163848400116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.5341581106185913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5037733912467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4742419123649597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125583679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q755673","display_name":"Search algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4463622570037842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126980161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863783","display_name":"Simulated annealing","level":2,"score":0.43871474266052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.42570897936820984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.24895280599594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1828065812587738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.09361720085144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2021.3123136","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2021.3123136","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6221021/9832689/09609009.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2021.3123136","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2021.3123136","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6221021/9832689/09609009.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321030","display_name":"VINNOVA","ror":"https://ror.org/01kd5m353"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3211351896.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3211351896.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W63091017","https://openalex.org/W1548328233","https://openalex.org/W1912649600","https://openalex.org/W1921093919","https://openalex.org/W2003243598","https://openalex.org/W2061594663","https://openalex.org/W2108910404","https://openalex.org/W2115579991","https://openalex.org/W2128369195","https://openalex.org/W2144041313","https://openalex.org/W2151363206","https://openalex.org/W2259424905","https://openalex.org/W2294974668","https://openalex.org/W2317825413","https://openalex.org/W2440384215","https://openalex.org/W2593744649","https://openalex.org/W2604231069","https://openalex.org/W2623293810","https://openalex.org/W2773706593","https://openalex.org/W2776033207","https://openalex.org/W2788503921","https://openalex.org/W2791491680","https://openalex.org/W2810026089","https://openalex.org/W2887063112","https://openalex.org/W2901482119","https://openalex.org/W2921495890","https://openalex.org/W2921638582","https://openalex.org/W2925665976","https://openalex.org/W2946547492","https://openalex.org/W2952813711","https://openalex.org/W2956753849","https://openalex.org/W2960010704","https://openalex.org/W2962783189","https://openalex.org/W2963231581","https://openalex.org/W2963619659","https://openalex.org/W2963821229","https://openalex.org/W2963872790","https://openalex.org/W2963906250","https://openalex.org/W2963918968","https://openalex.org/W2964081807","https://openalex.org/W2965658867","https://openalex.org/W2972401431","https://openalex.org/W2978535238","https://openalex.org/W2981931445","https://openalex.org/W2999552082","https://openalex.org/W3082154327","https://openalex.org/W3083251833","https://openalex.org/W3099165762","https://openalex.org/W3105709344","https://openalex.org/W3109552991","https://openalex.org/W6632581263","https://openalex.org/W6685444988","https://openalex.org/W6713134421","https://openalex.org/W6729956949","https://openalex.org/W6743495212","https://openalex.org/W6745614327","https://openalex.org/W6745748327","https://openalex.org/W6751831502","https://openalex.org/W6752515464","https://openalex.org/W6753303928","https://openalex.org/W6753321367","https://openalex.org/W6756887525","https://openalex.org/W6766225098","https://openalex.org/W6767064347","https://openalex.org/W6774753494","https://openalex.org/W6793037770"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2504004674","https://openalex.org/W1987679298","https://openalex.org/W2963177394","https://openalex.org/W4313359513","https://openalex.org/W2498744856","https://openalex.org/W4390482104","https://openalex.org/W322408318","https://openalex.org/W149041114","https://openalex.org/W1965815883","https://openalex.org/W1232705"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Convolutional":[0],"neural":[1,28],"networks":[2],"(CNNs)":[3],"provide":[4],"the":[5,41,45,49,69,145,148,174,177,213],"best":[6],"accuracy":[7,169,198],"for":[8,19,37,88,117],"disparity":[9,38,204,217],"estimation.":[10,39],"However,":[11,40],"CNNs":[12],"are":[13,86,192],"computationally":[14],"expensive,":[15],"making":[16],"them":[17,85],"unfavorable":[18],"resource-limited":[20,207],"devices":[21],"with":[22,138],"real-time":[23],"constraints.":[24],"Recent":[25],"advances":[26],"in":[27,34,159,182,187,231],"architectures":[29,120],"search":[30,59,112,149,162,183],"(NAS)":[31],"promise":[32],"opportunities":[33],"automated":[35],"optimization":[36],"main":[42],"challenge":[43],"of":[44,52,84,147,153,161,176,203,216],"NAS":[46,70,75,100,107],"methods":[47,76],"is":[48],"significant":[50],"amount":[51],"computing":[53],"time":[54,163,184],"to":[55,104,143,173],"explore":[56],"a":[57,98,136,139,166,196,232],"vast":[58],"space":[60],"[e.g.,$1.6\\times":[61],"10^{29}$]":[62],"and":[63,164,170,224],"costly":[64],"training":[65],"candidates.":[66],"To":[67],"reduce":[68],"computational":[71],"demand,":[72],"many":[73],"proxy-based":[74],"have":[77],"been":[78],"proposed.":[79],"Despite":[80],"their":[81],"success,":[82],"most":[83],"designed":[87],"comparatively":[89],"small-scale":[90],"learning":[91],"tasks.":[92],"In":[93],"this":[94],"article,":[95],"we":[96],"propose":[97],"fast":[99],"method,":[101],"called":[102],"FastStereoNet,":[103],"enable":[105],"resource-aware":[106],"within":[108],"an":[109],"intractably":[110],"large":[111],"space.":[113],"FastStereoNet":[114,133,179,210],"automatically":[115],"searches":[116],"hardware-friendly":[118],"CNN":[119],"based":[121],"on":[122,206,220],"late":[123],"acceptance":[124],"hill":[125],"climbing":[126],"(LAHC),":[127],"followed":[128],"by":[129],"simulated":[130],"annealing":[131],"(SA).":[132],"also":[134],"employs":[135],"fine-tuning":[137],"transferred":[140],"weights":[141],"mechanism":[142],"improve":[144],"convergence":[146],"process.":[150],"The":[151],"collection":[152],"these":[154],"ideas":[155],"provides":[156],"competitive":[157],"results":[158],"terms":[160],"strikes":[165],"balance":[167],"between":[168],"efficiency.":[171],"Compared":[172],"state":[175],"art,":[178],"provides$5.25\\times":[180],"$reduction":[181,186],"and$44.4\\times":[185],"model":[188],"size.":[189],"These":[190],"benefits":[191],"attained":[193],"while":[194],"yielding":[195],"comparable":[197],"that":[199],"enables":[200],"seamless":[201],"deployment":[202],"estimation":[205,218],"devices.":[208],"Finally,":[209],"significantly":[211,233],"improves":[212],"perception":[214],"quality":[215],"deployed":[219],"field-programmable":[221],"gate":[222],"array":[223],"Intel":[225],"Neural":[226],"Compute":[227],"Stick":[228],"2":[229],"accelerator":[230],"less":[234],"onerous":[235],"manner.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}