{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3184859216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2021.3073542","title":"SPPS: A Search Pattern Privacy System for Approximate Shortest Distance Query of Encrypted Graphs in IIoT","display_name":"SPPS: A Search Pattern Privacy System for Approximate Shortest Distance Query of Encrypted Graphs in IIoT","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3184859216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2021.3073542","mag":"3184859216"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2021.3073542","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2021.3073542","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076532467","display_name":"Xinrui Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0274-9691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132990","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology","ror":"https://ror.org/02pn5rj08","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xinrui Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China","State Key Laboratory of Cryptology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0274-9691","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056578494","display_name":"Jia Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0574-7803"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132990","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology","ror":"https://ror.org/02pn5rj08","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China","State Key Laboratory of Cryptology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0574-7803","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101598769","display_name":"Hanlin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8869-6863"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanlin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8869-6863","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079507661","display_name":"Jianli Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6468-629X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154130895","display_name":"University of Auckland","ror":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianli Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022101610","display_name":"Jianxi Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7055-5891"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3923682","display_name":"Soochow University","ror":"https://ror.org/05t8y2r12","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianxi Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7055-5891","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103216531","display_name":"Naixue Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0394-4635"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192664086","display_name":"Northeastern State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01z7kzb45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192664086"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neal N. Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Northeastern State University, Tahlequah, OK, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0394-4635","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Northeastern State University, Tahlequah, OK, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192664086"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076532467"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7796,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94312882,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"1","first_page":"136","last_page":"150"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8196054697036743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.7004497647285461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.6238315105438232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.6069827079772949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.5281406044960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outsourcing","display_name":"Outsourcing","score":0.4401707947254181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3852992355823517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3551884591579437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.12502315640449524}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8196054697036743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.7004497647285461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.6238315105438232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.6069827079772949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5281406044960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46934059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61515","display_name":"Outsourcing","level":2,"score":0.4401707947254181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3852992355823517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3551884591579437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12502315640449524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2021.3073542","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2021.3073542","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6200000047683716,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4389729392","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020CXGC010114","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329857","funder_display_name":"Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4875579843","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1905211","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7182399848","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61572267","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329857","display_name":"Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1896304354","https://openalex.org/W1991514581","https://openalex.org/W2005945380","https://openalex.org/W2063575624","https://openalex.org/W2133003537","https://openalex.org/W2146828512","https://openalex.org/W2159394589","https://openalex.org/W2571654287","https://openalex.org/W2613814461","https://openalex.org/W2614426900","https://openalex.org/W2756370712","https://openalex.org/W2767329275","https://openalex.org/W2770638201","https://openalex.org/W2781469847","https://openalex.org/W2798620495","https://openalex.org/W2801858249","https://openalex.org/W2807184217","https://openalex.org/W2811266402","https://openalex.org/W2901443058","https://openalex.org/W2914539352","https://openalex.org/W2920128533","https://openalex.org/W2928227931","https://openalex.org/W2941360959","https://openalex.org/W2949065857","https://openalex.org/W2965783709","https://openalex.org/W2974801149","https://openalex.org/W2994236448","https://openalex.org/W3015580111","https://openalex.org/W3028385805","https://openalex.org/W3043071284","https://openalex.org/W3043744241","https://openalex.org/W3095859802","https://openalex.org/W3110407708","https://openalex.org/W6713547331"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2358200898","https://openalex.org/W2325765407","https://openalex.org/W618293728","https://openalex.org/W2291845669","https://openalex.org/W2788012436","https://openalex.org/W200604156","https://openalex.org/W4231184955","https://openalex.org/W2374784346","https://openalex.org/W4286615217","https://openalex.org/W3154723744"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,101,197,212],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"Industrial":[3],"Internet":[4],"of":[5,13,50,56,64,91,116,163,189,204,220],"Things":[6],"(IIoT)":[7],"has":[8],"gradually":[9],"attracted":[10],"the":[11,14,48,53,79,89,138,143,152,157,161,164,171,182,187,190,193,201,221,227,236,242,245,259,262,268],"attention":[12],"industry":[15],"owing":[16],"to":[17,74,77,132,141,155,185,261],"its":[18],"accurate":[19],"time":[20],"synchronization,":[21],"communication":[22],"accuracy,":[23],"and":[24,41,58,83,146,150,159,217,267,277],"high":[25],"adaptability.":[26],"As":[27],"an":[28,61],"important":[29],"data":[30,73,145],"structure,":[31],"graphs":[32,94,118],"are":[33,68,95,235],"widely":[34],"used":[35],"in":[36,47,119],"IIoT":[37,57,71],"applications,":[38],"where":[39],"entities":[40],"their":[42,70],"relationships":[43],"can":[44],"be":[45],"expressed":[46],"form":[49],"graphs.":[51],"With":[52],"widespread":[54],"adoption":[55],"cloud":[59,75,130],"computing,":[60],"increasing":[62],"number":[63],"individuals":[65],"or":[66,238],"organizations":[67],"outsourcing":[69],"graph":[72,92],"servers":[76,131],"enjoy":[78],"unlimited":[80],"storage":[81],"space":[82],"fast":[84],"computing":[85],"service.":[86],"To":[87,121,240],"protect":[88],"privacy":[90,109],"data,":[93],"usually":[96],"encrypted":[97,117,144],"before":[98],"being":[99],"outsourced.":[100],"this":[102,213,251],"article,":[103],"we":[104,126,169,180,199,248],"propose":[105],"a":[106],"search":[107,123],"pattern":[108,124],"system":[110,252],"for":[111],"approximate":[112],"shortest":[113],"distance":[114],"query":[115,148],"IIoT.":[120],"realize":[122],"privacy,":[125],"adopt":[127],"two":[128,233],"noncolluded":[129],"accomplish":[133],"different":[134,175],"tasks.":[135],"We":[136],"leverage":[137],"first":[139,194,228],"server":[140,184,195,229],"store":[142],"perform":[147],"operations,":[149],"use":[151],"second":[153,183],"one":[154],"rerandomize":[156,186],"contents":[158,188,216],"shuffle":[160,200],"locations":[162,203,219],"queried":[165],"records.":[166,211],"Before":[167],"queries,":[168,179],"generate":[170],"trapdoors":[172],"by":[173,207,253],"using":[174],"random":[176],"numbers.":[177],"After":[178],"ask":[181],"records":[191,206,223],"that":[192,226,272],"touched.":[196],"addition,":[198],"physical":[202,218],"original":[205],"inserting":[208],"some":[209,255],"fake":[210],"way,":[214],"all":[215],"touched":[222],"change,":[224],"so":[225],"cannot":[230],"distinguish":[231],"whether":[232],"queries":[234],"same":[237],"not.":[239],"enhance":[241],"efficiency":[243],"on":[244],"user":[246,260],"side,":[247],"further":[249],"improve":[250],"moving":[254],"heavy":[256],"workloads":[257],"from":[258],"cloud.":[263],"The":[264],"security":[265],"analysis":[266],"performance":[269],"evaluation":[270],"show":[271],"our":[273],"work":[274],"is":[275],"secure":[276],"efficient.":[278]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}