{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3121969052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2020.3048696","title":"Attention-Based Sequence-to-Sequence Learning for Online Structural Response Forecasting Under Seismic Excitation","display_name":"Attention-Based Sequence-to-Sequence Learning for Online Structural Response Forecasting Under Seismic Excitation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3121969052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2020.3048696","mag":"3121969052"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2020.3048696","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2020.3048696","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100416723","display_name":"Teng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9042-9211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Teng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9042-9211","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039585469","display_name":"Yuxin Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6015-0110"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuxin Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Earthquake Engineering Research Facility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6015-0110","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Earthquake Engineering Research Facility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012080228","display_name":"Kaitai Tong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9297-0498"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaitai Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9297-0498","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035382739","display_name":"Carlos E. Ventura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5616-1554"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos E. Ventura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Earthquake Engineering Research Facility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5616-1554","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Earthquake Engineering Research Facility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077953037","display_name":"Clarence W. de Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5871-639X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clarence W. de Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5871-639X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6728,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93341769,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"4","first_page":"2184","last_page":"2200"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10534","display_name":"Structural Health Monitoring Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10534","display_name":"Structural Health Monitoring Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13018","display_name":"Seismology and Earthquake Studies","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.6127863526344299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6003425717353821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earthquake-shaking-table","display_name":"Earthquake shaking table","score":0.5796557664871216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.5704923272132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-health-monitoring","display_name":"Structural health monitoring","score":0.5249431133270264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoencoder","display_name":"Autoencoder","score":0.4737848937511444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-series","display_name":"Time series","score":0.4466981291770935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/warning-system","display_name":"Warning system","score":0.44295060634613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.43384772539138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.404108464717865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.38681161403656006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3855953812599182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.3695068359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3091279864311218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.17417874932289124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08644673228263855}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.6127863526344299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6003425717353821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149007308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5327279","display_name":"Earthquake shaking table","level":2,"score":0.5796557664871216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5704923272132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776247918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423713","display_name":"Structural health monitoring","level":2,"score":0.5249431133270264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.4737848937511444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.4466981291770935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29825287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427940","display_name":"Warning system","level":2,"score":0.44295060634613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43384772539138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.404108464717865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.38681161403656006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3855953812599182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3695068359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3091279864311218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.17417874932289124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08644673228263855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2020.3048696","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2020.3048696","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-118961","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS&KeyUT=000732391000001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6200000047683716}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6603429408","display_name":"Structural Health Monitoring in Performance Based Design of Bridges","funder_award_id":"rgpin-2019-04574","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1532382998","https://openalex.org/W1902237438","https://openalex.org/W1968335327","https://openalex.org/W1978066636","https://openalex.org/W1983136214","https://openalex.org/W2056586834","https://openalex.org/W2058365331","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2156150973","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2167893445","https://openalex.org/W2304245223","https://openalex.org/W2305253737","https://openalex.org/W2327660070","https://openalex.org/W2332376943","https://openalex.org/W2333421694","https://openalex.org/W2511340798","https://openalex.org/W2584696667","https://openalex.org/W2601501665","https://openalex.org/W2613328025","https://openalex.org/W2730647291","https://openalex.org/W2735629075","https://openalex.org/W2735974336","https://openalex.org/W2740962967","https://openalex.org/W2767485955","https://openalex.org/W2770118134","https://openalex.org/W2780543554","https://openalex.org/W2801345694","https://openalex.org/W2807042118","https://openalex.org/W2895802397","https://openalex.org/W2897983179","https://openalex.org/W2898456550","https://openalex.org/W2903856671","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2946752227","https://openalex.org/W2970891497","https://openalex.org/W3004400478","https://openalex.org/W3004733120","https://openalex.org/W3020318464","https://openalex.org/W3022953487","https://openalex.org/W3035942566","https://openalex.org/W4389189971","https://openalex.org/W6605395686","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6679434410","https://openalex.org/W6679436768","https://openalex.org/W6683213257","https://openalex.org/W6713134421","https://openalex.org/W6739901393"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3013693939","https://openalex.org/W2159052453","https://openalex.org/W2566616303","https://openalex.org/W3131327266","https://openalex.org/W2734887215","https://openalex.org/W4297051394","https://openalex.org/W2752972570","https://openalex.org/W4386815338","https://openalex.org/W2145836866","https://openalex.org/W2803255133"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,47,101],"structural":[1,8,24,58,96,141,181],"health":[2],"monitoring":[3],"(SHM),":[4],"measuring":[5],"and":[6,43,51,57,138,192,216],"evaluating":[7],"dynamic":[9,153],"responses":[10,25,97,108,154,227],"are":[11,109],"critical":[12],"for":[13,92,166],"safety":[14],"management":[15],"of":[16,22,85,95,163,204,219,228],"civil":[17],"infrastructures.":[18],"Particularly,":[19],"online":[20],"forecasting":[21,165,224],"the":[23,83,102,127,135,139,161,174,184,189,202,214,220,225,229],"under":[26,98,231],"extreme":[27],"external":[28],"loading":[29],"conditions":[30],"(e.g.,":[31],"earthquakes)":[32],"takes":[33],"a":[34,65,73,86,194,198],"significant":[35],"role":[36],"in":[37,82,187,207,223],"SHM":[38],"to":[39,63,125,151,156],"provide":[40],"early":[41],"warning":[42],"ensure":[44],"safe":[45],"operation.":[46],"practice,":[48],"complex":[49],"causality":[50],"intrinsic":[52],"interactions":[53,150],"between":[54,134],"seismic":[55,99,136,226],"excitation":[56],"response":[59],"make":[60],"it":[61],"challenging":[62],"establish":[64],"reliable":[66],"predictive":[67,93],"scheme.":[68],"The":[69,143,210],"present":[70],"paper":[71],"proposes":[72],"novel":[74],"deep":[75],"recurrent":[76],"neural":[77],"network":[78],"(RNN)":[79],"model":[80,176],"implemented":[81],"architecture":[84,145],"time-series":[87,117,120],"attention-based":[88],"RNN":[89],"encoder\u2013decoder":[90],"(TSA-RNN-ED),":[91],"analysis":[94],"excitation.":[100],"proposed":[103,124,144,175,221],"data-driven":[104],"model,":[105],"upcoming":[106],"sequential":[107],"predicted":[110],"through":[111],"sequence-to-sequence":[112],"learning":[113],"from":[114],"historical":[115],"multivariate":[116],"signals.":[118],"A":[119],"attention":[121],"mechanism":[122],"is":[123],"exploit":[126],"heterogeneous,":[128],"but":[129],"directly":[130],"related,":[131],"hidden":[132],"features":[133],"loads":[137],"corresponding":[140],"responses.":[142],"can":[146],"reliably":[147],"regress":[148],"excitation-response":[149],"predict":[152],"subjected":[155],"future":[157],"earthquakes":[158],"while":[159],"satisfying":[160],"need":[162],"real-time":[164],"on-site":[167],"practical":[168],"implementation.":[169],"This":[170],"article":[171],"systematically":[172],"evaluates":[173],"by":[177],"using":[178],"two":[179],"real-world":[180],"cases:":[182],"1)":[183],"tallest":[185],"building":[186],"China,":[188],"Shanghai":[190],"Tower":[191],"2)":[193],"woodframe":[195],"classroom":[196],"on":[197],"shake":[199],"table":[200],"at":[201],"University":[203],"British":[205],"Columbia":[206],"Vancouver,":[208],"Canada.":[209],"experimental":[211],"results":[212],"demonstrate":[213],"accurate":[215],"efficient":[217],"performance":[218],"methodology":[222],"structures":[230],"investigation.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-08-12T21:12:35.861297","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}