{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3114478348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2020.3041476","title":"Toward Autonomous Adaptive Intelligence: Building Upon Neural Models of How Brains Make Minds","display_name":"Toward Autonomous Adaptive Intelligence: Building Upon Neural Models of How Brains Make Minds","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3114478348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2020.3041476","mag":"3114478348"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2020.3041476","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2020.3041476","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080971897","display_name":"Stephen Grossberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2839-7914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155033","display_name":"Adaptive Cognitive Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/05nb6mm11","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155033"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Grossberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Adaptive Systems, Graduate Program in Cognitive and Neural Systems, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Adaptive Systems, Graduate Program in Cognitive and Neural Systems, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155033","https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080971897"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046","https://openalex.org/I4210155033"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4582,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86265783,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"1","first_page":"51","last_page":"75"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14394","display_name":"Cognitive Science and Education Research","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6659911870956421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-resonance-theory","display_name":"Adaptive resonance theory","score":0.6544480323791504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.623275876045227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-general-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial general intelligence","score":0.6026502251625061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.5806946158409119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blueprint","display_name":"Blueprint","score":0.5719351768493652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5351506471633911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.5226585268974304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.44980138540267944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.43532028794288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-model","display_name":"Computational model","score":0.42275270819664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.16061261296272278}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6659911870956421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115755159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352487","display_name":"Adaptive resonance theory","level":3,"score":0.6544480323791504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.623275876045227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162027153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2264109","display_name":"Artificial general intelligence","level":2,"score":0.6026502251625061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.5806946158409119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155911762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422321","display_name":"Blueprint","level":2,"score":0.5719351768493652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5351506471633911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5226585268974304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.44980138540267944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.43532028794288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66024118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122506","display_name":"Computational model","level":2,"score":0.42275270819664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.16061261296272278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2020.3041476","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2020.3041476","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":169,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W93882044","https://openalex.org/W96919566","https://openalex.org/W134309601","https://openalex.org/W982167101","https://openalex.org/W1015831083","https://openalex.org/W1488422207","https://openalex.org/W1520593858","https://openalex.org/W1527298940","https://openalex.org/W1537673008","https://openalex.org/W1538606284","https://openalex.org/W1560772392","https://openalex.org/W1570285256","https://openalex.org/W1590736937","https://openalex.org/W1682403713","https://openalex.org/W1769036427","https://openalex.org/W1938785624","https://openalex.org/W1944649656","https://openalex.org/W1949328498","https://openalex.org/W1964546024","https://openalex.org/W1966010238","https://openalex.org/W1966376873","https://openalex.org/W1966433187","https://openalex.org/W1967011375","https://openalex.org/W1971244366","https://openalex.org/W1971529282","https://openalex.org/W1977984641","https://openalex.org/W1979828500","https://openalex.org/W1982247624","https://openalex.org/W1982535136","https://openalex.org/W1982926186","https://openalex.org/W1984330915","https://openalex.org/W1985511308","https://openalex.org/W1985940938","https://openalex.org/W1986549726","https://openalex.org/W1986811714","https://openalex.org/W1986874889","https://openalex.org/W1987167085","https://openalex.org/W1988011557","https://openalex.org/W1992778926","https://openalex.org/W1996534584","https://openalex.org/W1996773027","https://openalex.org/W1997963109","https://openalex.org/W1999567494","https://openalex.org/W2000466222","https://openalex.org/W2000868189","https://openalex.org/W2003315976","https://openalex.org/W2005544436","https://openalex.org/W2006795033","https://openalex.org/W2008587057","https://openalex.org/W2009675145","https://openalex.org/W2010526455","https://openalex.org/W2012342436","https://openalex.org/W2013563244","https://openalex.org/W2013821013","https://openalex.org/W2013875934","https://openalex.org/W2015701831","https://openalex.org/W2015857587","https://openalex.org/W2016985810","https://openalex.org/W2026501617","https://openalex.org/W2026568901","https://openalex.org/W2029326515","https://openalex.org/W2036963181","https://openalex.org/W2036976972","https://openalex.org/W2038821198","https://openalex.org/W2039133703","https://openalex.org/W2040003929","https://openalex.org/W2042201713","https://openalex.org/W2043691077","https://openalex.org/W2045934879","https://openalex.org/W2046327322","https://openalex.org/W2047058647","https://openalex.org/W2048308656","https://openalex.org/W2052732076","https://openalex.org/W2056644747","https://openalex.org/W2056908494","https://openalex.org/W2057973793","https://openalex.org/W2059326338","https://openalex.org/W2060277733","https://openalex.org/W2062210787","https://openalex.org/W2063062105","https://openalex.org/W2064796375","https://openalex.org/W2066725351","https://openalex.org/W2067293056","https://openalex.org/W2067416002","https://openalex.org/W2067483314","https://openalex.org/W2069474802","https://openalex.org/W2075565188","https://openalex.org/W2077557091","https://openalex.org/W2079222338","https://openalex.org/W2081324865","https://openalex.org/W2082372907","https://openalex.org/W2085124958","https://openalex.org/W2086623798","https://openalex.org/W2087674946","https://openalex.org/W2089840306","https://openalex.org/W2090728216","https://openalex.org/W2093596836","https://openalex.org/W2095167327","https://openalex.org/W2097376330","https://openalex.org/W2101019073","https://openalex.org/W2104586058","https://openalex.org/W2105072036","https://openalex.org/W2106304233","https://openalex.org/W2106901830","https://openalex.org/W2109023847","https://openalex.org/W2112246162","https://openalex.org/W2113287505","https://openalex.org/W2113627974","https://openalex.org/W2115365578","https://openalex.org/W2119468846","https://openalex.org/W2121292733","https://openalex.org/W2121387955","https://openalex.org/W2124899827","https://openalex.org/W2127852715","https://openalex.org/W2130353576","https://openalex.org/W2131140847","https://openalex.org/W2131187256","https://openalex.org/W2131979896","https://openalex.org/W2132130858","https://openalex.org/W2134940316","https://openalex.org/W2138880472","https://openalex.org/W2141880824","https://openalex.org/W2144219012","https://openalex.org/W2144327648","https://openalex.org/W2148497548","https://openalex.org/W2148564411","https://openalex.org/W2149505678","https://openalex.org/W2150740313","https://openalex.org/W2150843617","https://openalex.org/W2155368812","https://openalex.org/W2156912650","https://openalex.org/W2161438629","https://openalex.org/W2161803045","https://openalex.org/W2164192685","https://openalex.org/W2165565577","https://openalex.org/W2166280719","https://openalex.org/W2260579345","https://openalex.org/W2287077337","https://openalex.org/W2323866847","https://openalex.org/W2330947529","https://openalex.org/W2503746143","https://openalex.org/W2547856944","https://openalex.org/W2557593121","https://openalex.org/W2560748441","https://openalex.org/W2615768833","https://openalex.org/W2728281207","https://openalex.org/W2766737510","https://openalex.org/W2791277616","https://openalex.org/W2792804124","https://openalex.org/W2801394824","https://openalex.org/W2938107344","https://openalex.org/W2951340790","https://openalex.org/W2953561566","https://openalex.org/W3037880158","https://openalex.org/W4206426176","https://openalex.org/W4206658094","https://openalex.org/W4210259394","https://openalex.org/W4235253339","https://openalex.org/W4236872430","https://openalex.org/W4241653134","https://openalex.org/W4244342249","https://openalex.org/W4245629757","https://openalex.org/W4245895156","https://openalex.org/W4249791740","https://openalex.org/W4250598942","https://openalex.org/W4251819600","https://openalex.org/W4255373382","https://openalex.org/W6692626953","https://openalex.org/W7038178136"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4304620183","https://openalex.org/W2384575798","https://openalex.org/W2007211730","https://openalex.org/W2265189214","https://openalex.org/W2766654718","https://openalex.org/W2379378785","https://openalex.org/W1975337239","https://openalex.org/W1971312788","https://openalex.org/W4319347573","https://openalex.org/W3114478348"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,136,166],"article":[1,137],"surveys":[2,138],"the":[3,55,80,154,171,198,209,235,275],"development":[4,78,276],"of":[5,74,102,113,157,221,225,230,239,264,277],"mathematical":[6,43,140],"laws,":[7],"circuits,":[8],"and":[9,19,33,40,50,77,86,146,148,162,188,191,233,237,242,249],"architectures":[10,177],"that":[11,53,88,128,214],"model":[12,75,85],"how":[13,21,180,201],"our":[14,17,181,202],"brains":[15,182,203],"make":[16],"minds,":[18],"shows":[20],"these":[22,131],"contributions":[23],"provide":[24,54,125],"a":[25,71,110,117,126,150,194,257,261,268],"blueprint":[26],"for":[27,35,45,58,109,142,153],"developing":[28],"general-purpose":[29],"autonomous":[30],"adaptive":[31,172],"algorithms":[32],"robots":[34],"intelligent":[36,279],"applications":[37,147,273],"in":[38,67,91,94,99,130,193,267],"engineering":[39],"technology.":[41],"The":[42,83],"laws":[44],"short-term":[46],"memory,":[47,49],"medium-term":[48],"long-term":[51],"memory":[52],"contemporary":[56],"foundation":[57],"all":[59],"subsequent":[60],"biological":[61],"neural":[62,114,143],"network":[63,144],"models":[64,158],"were":[65],"published":[66,90],"1968,":[68],"followed":[69],"by":[70,170],"steady":[72],"stream":[73],"discovery":[76,156],"to":[79,185,217,274],"present":[81],"time.":[82],"Cohen-Grossberg":[84],"theorem":[87],"was":[89,96],"this":[92,100],"journal":[93],"1983":[95],"one":[97,121],"step":[98],"series":[101],"developments.":[103],"It":[104],"proved":[105],"global":[106],"limit":[107],"theorems":[108,124],"general":[111,163],"class":[112],"networks":[115,132],"using":[116],"Lyapunov":[118],"function":[119],"as":[120,206,208],"tool.":[122],"These":[123],"guarantee":[127],"learning":[129,213],"generates":[133],"stable":[134],"memories.":[135],"additional":[139],"foundations":[141],"design":[145],"describes":[149],"modeling":[151],"method":[152,167],"incremental":[155],"with":[159],"increasingly":[160],"powerful":[161],"functional":[164],"capabilities.":[165],"is":[168],"illustrated":[169],"resonance":[173],"theory,":[174],"or":[175],"ART,":[176],"which":[178],"explain":[179],"autonomously":[183,278],"learn":[184],"attend,":[186],"recognize,":[187],"predict":[189],"objects":[190],"events":[192],"changing":[195,269],"world,":[196,270],"along":[197],"way":[199],"explaining":[200],"become":[204],"conscious,":[205],"well":[207],"computational":[210],"constraints":[211],"on":[212],"forced":[215],"evolution":[216],"discover":[218],"conscious":[219,231],"states":[220],"mind.":[222],"Multiple":[223],"types":[224],"resonances":[226],"support":[227],"different":[228],"kinds":[229],"awareness":[232],"enable":[234],"explanation":[236],"prediction":[238],"large":[240],"psychological":[241],"neurobiological":[243],"databases":[244],"about":[245,260],"perception,":[246],"cognition,":[247],"emotion,":[248],"action.":[250],"Because":[251],"ART":[252],"can":[253],"be":[254],"derived":[255],"from":[256],"thought":[258],"experiment":[259],"universal":[262],"problem":[263],"error":[265],"correction":[266],"its":[271],"expanding":[272],"systems":[280],"should":[281],"transform":[282],"future":[283],"technologies.":[284]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
