{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3118214528","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2020.3041003","title":"The N-Tuple Subspace Classifier: Extensions and Survey","display_name":"The N-Tuple Subspace Classifier: Extensions and Survey","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3118214528","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2020.3041003","mag":"3118214528"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2020.3041003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2020.3041003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102727883","display_name":"Robert M. Haralick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2021-4327"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174216632","display_name":"City University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/00453a208","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174216632"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121847817","display_name":"The Graduate Center, CUNY","ror":"https://ror.org/00awd9g61","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121847817"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert M. Haralick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174216632","https://openalex.org/I121847817"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021731698","display_name":"Ahmet Cem Yuksel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174216632","display_name":"City University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/00453a208","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174216632"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121847817","display_name":"The Graduate Center, CUNY","ror":"https://ror.org/00awd9g61","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121847817"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmet Cem Yuksel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174216632","https://openalex.org/I121847817"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102727883"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121847817","https://openalex.org/I174216632"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2651,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65149462,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"1","first_page":"22","last_page":"39"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.972100019454956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-subspace-method","display_name":"Random subspace method","score":0.8378463983535767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuple","display_name":"Tuple","score":0.8330316543579102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.8285708427429199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.8001012802124023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5417076349258423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5329958200454712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5267618894577026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.49301692843437195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3391559422016144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3266134560108185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.1250419020652771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.10391837358474731}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106135958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7291993","display_name":"Random subspace method","level":3,"score":0.8378463983535767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118930307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q600590","display_name":"Tuple","level":2,"score":0.8330316543579102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.8285708427429199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.8001012802124023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5417076349258423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5329958200454712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5267618894577026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.49301692843437195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3391559422016144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3266134560108185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.1250419020652771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.10391837358474731}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2020.3041003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2020.3041003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":151,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W78653260","https://openalex.org/W88530248","https://openalex.org/W101909883","https://openalex.org/W110913806","https://openalex.org/W111527205","https://openalex.org/W162355114","https://openalex.org/W190992373","https://openalex.org/W203276351","https://openalex.org/W1507699566","https://openalex.org/W1513241879","https://openalex.org/W1520617097","https://openalex.org/W1524326598","https://openalex.org/W1529738610","https://openalex.org/W1549555383","https://openalex.org/W1560770548","https://openalex.org/W1566140961","https://openalex.org/W1580997944","https://openalex.org/W1603057632","https://openalex.org/W1607827337","https://openalex.org/W1616002640","https://openalex.org/W1660517870","https://openalex.org/W1817098107","https://openalex.org/W1936685807","https://openalex.org/W1965555277","https://openalex.org/W1965680834","https://openalex.org/W1980216164","https://openalex.org/W1987933853","https://openalex.org/W1988243285","https://openalex.org/W1992176999","https://openalex.org/W1995426156","https://openalex.org/W1995716737","https://openalex.org/W2007066316","https://openalex.org/W2007339694","https://openalex.org/W2018882088","https://openalex.org/W2022191033","https://openalex.org/W2027406879","https://openalex.org/W2036487135","https://openalex.org/W2039280563","https://openalex.org/W2040066087","https://openalex.org/W2041597641","https://openalex.org/W2042105429","https://openalex.org/W2043750734","https://openalex.org/W2045031658","https://openalex.org/W2052958516","https://openalex.org/W2060604179","https://openalex.org/W2073491590","https://openalex.org/W2078233541","https://openalex.org/W2080058960","https://openalex.org/W2083660856","https://openalex.org/W2085294315","https://openalex.org/W2087077536","https://openalex.org/W2091340690","https://openalex.org/W2094704691","https://openalex.org/W2096112399","https://openalex.org/W2102734279","https://openalex.org/W2104238280","https://openalex.org/W2104469847","https://openalex.org/W2109371561","https://openalex.org/W2113226709","https://openalex.org/W2113242816","https://openalex.org/W2113260335","https://openalex.org/W2113589325","https://openalex.org/W2116587043","https://openalex.org/W2118027708","https://openalex.org/W2122558050","https://openalex.org/W2123838014","https://openalex.org/W2123845384","https://openalex.org/W2125186487","https://openalex.org/W2126378678","https://openalex.org/W2128233055","https://openalex.org/W2131658761","https://openalex.org/W2131826081","https://openalex.org/W2132153226","https://openalex.org/W2140782460","https://openalex.org/W2141434237","https://openalex.org/W2149103531","https://openalex.org/W2149723649","https://openalex.org/W2149740023","https://openalex.org/W2158275940","https://openalex.org/W2163166770","https://openalex.org/W2163223677","https://openalex.org/W2164145190","https://openalex.org/W2164568552","https://openalex.org/W2167826316","https://openalex.org/W2168396487","https://openalex.org/W2213304752","https://openalex.org/W2228063060","https://openalex.org/W2293282952","https://openalex.org/W2294546190","https://openalex.org/W2309693750","https://openalex.org/W2324296909","https://openalex.org/W2403421639","https://openalex.org/W2404557067","https://openalex.org/W2405047493","https://openalex.org/W2407696873","https://openalex.org/W2407789706","https://openalex.org/W2470292545","https://openalex.org/W2487119409","https://openalex.org/W2584236479","https://openalex.org/W2588365961","https://openalex.org/W2604492801","https://openalex.org/W2613221482","https://openalex.org/W2617488912","https://openalex.org/W2618202167","https://openalex.org/W2735639773","https://openalex.org/W2746544551","https://openalex.org/W2778132855","https://openalex.org/W2791366238","https://openalex.org/W2795696206","https://openalex.org/W2803316390","https://openalex.org/W2809720058","https://openalex.org/W2900966163","https://openalex.org/W2902447206","https://openalex.org/W2943325566","https://openalex.org/W2963424125","https://openalex.org/W2963784069","https://openalex.org/W2977077753","https://openalex.org/W2981798823","https://openalex.org/W2999426811","https://openalex.org/W3013981329","https://openalex.org/W3014001601","https://openalex.org/W3015815192","https://openalex.org/W3016079927","https://openalex.org/W3021400038","https://openalex.org/W3046260815","https://openalex.org/W3046673317","https://openalex.org/W3088905021","https://openalex.org/W3090652612","https://openalex.org/W3104145460","https://openalex.org/W3127458823","https://openalex.org/W3128670274","https://openalex.org/W3212364032","https://openalex.org/W4232352208","https://openalex.org/W4249474355","https://openalex.org/W4255306344","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6603234205","https://openalex.org/W6604478379","https://openalex.org/W6604593852","https://openalex.org/W6631657075","https://openalex.org/W6636557737","https://openalex.org/W6640505825","https://openalex.org/W6675326383","https://openalex.org/W6688379091","https://openalex.org/W6713183232","https://openalex.org/W6722758948","https://openalex.org/W6749476428","https://openalex.org/W6775448158","https://openalex.org/W6775799517","https://openalex.org/W6790164173","https://openalex.org/W7008657704"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007593166","https://openalex.org/W1603777065","https://openalex.org/W2143234973","https://openalex.org/W2397292208","https://openalex.org/W4221136059","https://openalex.org/W1548677759","https://openalex.org/W109131529","https://openalex.org/W1964832275","https://openalex.org/W2389865566","https://openalex.org/W2407804800"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,19],"article":[1,21,25],"is":[2,44],"written":[3],"in":[4,17,49,58,137,194],"recognition":[5],"of":[6,38,64,100,109,119,126,132,140,146,151,188],"W.":[7],"Bledsoe,":[8],"who":[9],"with":[10,156,170],"Browning,":[11],"introduced":[12,122],"the":[13,23,31,36,39,59,65,78,85,88,92,98,101,112,120,127,130,133,144,152,164,171,189],"N-tuple":[14,60,66,114,134,153,165,190],"subspace":[15,28,61,102,115,135,154,166,191],"classifier":[16,116,136,155,167,192],"1959.":[18],"1959":[20,113],"was":[22,168],"first":[24],"to":[26,34,46,80],"introduce":[27],"classifiers":[29,173],"and":[30,52,75,91,142,174],"sum":[32,86],"rule":[33,95],"combine":[35],"outputs":[37],"classifiers.":[40,103,159],"A":[41],"mathematical":[42],"notation":[43],"given":[45],"easily":[47],"express":[48],"a":[50,71,106,177,195],"precise":[51],"unambiguous":[53],"way":[54],"everything":[55],"going":[56],"on":[57],"classifier.":[62],"Extensions":[63],"method":[67],"are":[68],"discussed":[69],"using":[70],"generalized":[72],"product":[73,89],"expression":[74],"we":[76,181],"relate":[77],"generalization":[79],"graphical":[81],"models.":[82],"We":[83,104],"discuss":[84],"rule,":[87,90],"plurality":[93],"voting":[94],"for":[96],"combining":[97],"scores":[99],"selected":[105],"representative":[107],"sample":[108],"papers":[110,121,128,184],"that":[111,163,185],"inspired.":[117],"Some":[118],"specialized":[123],"improvements.":[124],"Many":[125],"showed":[129,162],"value":[131],"all":[138],"kinds":[139],"applications":[141],"compared":[143],"results":[145],"one":[147],"or":[148],"more":[149],"varieties":[150],"other":[157],"state-of-the-art":[158,172],"Their":[160],"experiments":[161,187],"competitive":[169],"often":[175],"had":[176],"higher":[178],"accuracy.":[179],"Finally,":[180],"highlight":[182],"some":[183],"describe":[186],"executing":[193],"quantum":[196],"computer.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}