{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3107668387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2020.3037229","title":"A Probabilistic Model for Driving-Style-Recognition-Enabled Driver Steering Behaviors","display_name":"A Probabilistic Model for Driving-Style-Recognition-Enabled Driver Steering Behaviors","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3107668387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2020.3037229","mag":"3107668387"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2020.3037229","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2020.3037229","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024182112","display_name":"Zejian Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2765-3162"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CA","CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zejian Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","Intelligent Transportation Systems Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Transportation Systems Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041423958","display_name":"Duanfeng Chu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5225-9143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duanfeng Chu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Transportation Systems Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Transportation Systems Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101496742","display_name":"Chaozhong Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaozhong Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Transportation Systems Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Transportation Systems Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101901853","display_name":"Shidong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3207-9364"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094894","display_name":"China Automotive Technology and Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00r5r6807","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094894"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shidong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["First Development Department, China Automotive Technology and Research Center Company, Ltd., Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"First Development Department, China Automotive Technology and Research Center Company, Ltd., Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094894"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100722234","display_name":"Chen Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8772-9627"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100416715","display_name":"Teng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5862-0518"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Teng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031991761","display_name":"Dongpu Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7929-4336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongpu Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024182112"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483","https://openalex.org/I196699116"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.8825,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":86,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96653144,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"3","first_page":"1838","last_page":"1851"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.7171022295951843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6313745975494385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/driving-simulator","display_name":"Driving simulator","score":0.5977869629859924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.5736609101295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5702465176582336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.5609722137451172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-model","display_name":"Statistical model","score":0.4933399260044098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.48130694031715393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.4731624722480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acceleration","display_name":"Acceleration","score":0.45424163341522217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interval","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","score":0.42541152238845825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3774898052215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3661828339099884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3443527817726135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2929633855819702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17330187559127808}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.7171022295951843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6313745975494385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780689630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2081815","display_name":"Driving simulator","level":2,"score":0.5977869629859924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.5736609101295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5702465176582336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.5609722137451172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114289077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284399","display_name":"Statistical model","level":2,"score":0.4933399260044098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.48130694031715393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4731624722480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.45424163341522217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778067643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166507","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.42541152238845825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3774898052215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3661828339099884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3443527817726135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2929633855819702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17330187559127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2020.3037229","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2020.3037229","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hub.hku.hk:10722/353006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hub.hku.hk/handle/10722/353006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196271","display_name":"The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","host_organization_name":"University of Hong Kong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hub.hku.hk:10722/353754","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hub.hku.hk/handle/10722/353754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196271","display_name":"The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","host_organization_name":"University of Hong Kong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1825299567","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51675390","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7426313258","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1764262","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8270140367","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB1600600","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W31234252","https://openalex.org/W1544016679","https://openalex.org/W1600724409","https://openalex.org/W1751378831","https://openalex.org/W1865136284","https://openalex.org/W1931305913","https://openalex.org/W1965048128","https://openalex.org/W1967679139","https://openalex.org/W1968610481","https://openalex.org/W1972299090","https://openalex.org/W1972997465","https://openalex.org/W1977562997","https://openalex.org/W1988787032","https://openalex.org/W1996085368","https://openalex.org/W2009386954","https://openalex.org/W2011635588","https://openalex.org/W2011804882","https://openalex.org/W2014728090","https://openalex.org/W2015255465","https://openalex.org/W2017372880","https://openalex.org/W2018690964","https://openalex.org/W2020599684","https://openalex.org/W2029717291","https://openalex.org/W2029809489","https://openalex.org/W2034411841","https://openalex.org/W2036563674","https://openalex.org/W2057587543","https://openalex.org/W2060211611","https://openalex.org/W2061272090","https://openalex.org/W2066194037","https://openalex.org/W2084246939","https://openalex.org/W2093092271","https://openalex.org/W2098380626","https://openalex.org/W2110895314","https://openalex.org/W2126288068","https://openalex.org/W2156174663","https://openalex.org/W2174602916","https://openalex.org/W2185149728","https://openalex.org/W2256573548","https://openalex.org/W2283882366","https://openalex.org/W2321870397","https://openalex.org/W2330918716","https://openalex.org/W2333777777","https://openalex.org/W2402087514","https://openalex.org/W2416451307","https://openalex.org/W2460227421","https://openalex.org/W2508716874","https://openalex.org/W2520678225","https://openalex.org/W2525337062","https://openalex.org/W2528158400","https://openalex.org/W2554310451","https://openalex.org/W2600255062","https://openalex.org/W2635665957","https://openalex.org/W2734970085","https://openalex.org/W2746721413","https://openalex.org/W2771289139","https://openalex.org/W2892806877","https://openalex.org/W2964264720","https://openalex.org/W2990170267","https://openalex.org/W2991007140","https://openalex.org/W3019397229","https://openalex.org/W3044345353","https://openalex.org/W3104500306","https://openalex.org/W4229977739","https://openalex.org/W4244607916","https://openalex.org/W6635988430"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975632186","https://openalex.org/W2504004674","https://openalex.org/W3027745756","https://openalex.org/W3205213561","https://openalex.org/W2531880140","https://openalex.org/W1987679298","https://openalex.org/W2963177394","https://openalex.org/W4313359513","https://openalex.org/W2498744856","https://openalex.org/W4390482104"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,11,42,63],"framework":[4],"to":[5,31,66,96],"determine":[6,97],"driving":[7,98],"style":[8,99],"and":[9,23,38,70,90,100,123],"design":[10],"driver":[12,16,68],"steering":[13,44,107],"model":[14,45,51,89,93],"considering":[15],"characteristics.":[17],"First,":[18],"principal":[19],"component":[20],"analysis":[21],"(PCA)":[22],"<inline-formula>":[24],"<tex-math":[25],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$K$":[26],"</tex-math></inline-formula>-means":[27],"clustering":[28],"are":[29,94],"utilized":[30],"classify":[32],"30":[33],"participants":[34],"into":[35],"cautious,":[36],"moderate,":[37],"aggressive":[39,121],"drivers.":[40,85,126],"Subsequently,":[41],"generic":[43],"is":[46,60,72],"established":[47],"based":[48],"on":[49],"the":[50,56,78,83,104,113,120,124],"predictive":[52],"control":[53],"method.":[54],"Thereafter,":[55],"maximum":[57],"lateral":[58],"acceleration":[59],"extracted":[61],"as":[62],"crucial":[64],"indicator":[65],"represent":[67],"characteristics,":[69],"it":[71],"calibrated":[73],"through":[74],"probabilistic":[75],"models":[76],"using":[77],"dataset,":[79],"which":[80],"consists":[81],"of":[82,115],"classified":[84],"Besides,":[86],"point":[87],"estimation":[88,92],"interval":[91],"leveraged":[95],"adjust":[101],"constraints":[102],"in":[103],"stochastic":[105],"programming-based":[106],"model.":[108],"Finally,":[109],"simulation":[110],"experiments":[111],"present":[112],"variations":[114],"actual":[116],"output":[117],"trajectories":[118],"between":[119],"drivers":[122],"cautious":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-13T16:22:10.518609","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}