{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2955770729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2019.2921974","title":"Fusing Skeleton Recognition With Face-TLD for Human Following of Mobile Service Robots","display_name":"Fusing Skeleton Recognition With Face-TLD for Human Following of Mobile Service Robots","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2955770729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2019.2921974","mag":"2955770729"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2019.2921974","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2019.2921974","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037573848","display_name":"Jing Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5495-684X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jing Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048122632","display_name":"Jingxin Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6169-5497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingxin Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025392915","display_name":"Xuebo Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5308-6539"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuebo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042534349","display_name":"Qinxuan Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6925-9032"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinxuan Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100772330","display_name":"Fengchi Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6656-3664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengchi Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101573169","display_name":"Wenbin Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2416-9332"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenbin Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037573848"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8098,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76888427,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"5","first_page":"2963","last_page":"2979"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12740","display_name":"Gait Recognition and Analysis","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7584489583969116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7092868089675903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6050996780395508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5564464330673218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4291912913322449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.4256691336631775}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7584489583969116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7092868089675903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6050996780395508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5564464330673218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4291912913322449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.4256691336631775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2019.2921974","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2019.2921974","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G28880006","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61573195","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7330230766","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"16JCYBJC18300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323993","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8233002695","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61573196","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323993","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W90353859","https://openalex.org/W155003979","https://openalex.org/W161114242","https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1592753633","https://openalex.org/W1964814818","https://openalex.org/W1970088130","https://openalex.org/W1970891762","https://openalex.org/W1973981596","https://openalex.org/W1997121481","https://openalex.org/W2016075127","https://openalex.org/W2018157642","https://openalex.org/W2021943136","https://openalex.org/W2028318984","https://openalex.org/W2039562105","https://openalex.org/W2043123015","https://openalex.org/W2044986361","https://openalex.org/W2045724293","https://openalex.org/W2056203530","https://openalex.org/W2065598048","https://openalex.org/W2087932678","https://openalex.org/W2098693229","https://openalex.org/W2098941887","https://openalex.org/W2105686579","https://openalex.org/W2111178549","https://openalex.org/W2120861453","https://openalex.org/W2124211486","https://openalex.org/W2144150874","https://openalex.org/W2151458682","https://openalex.org/W2154889144","https://openalex.org/W2160337655","https://openalex.org/W2161160446","https://openalex.org/W2161406034","https://openalex.org/W2162383208","https://openalex.org/W2165737454","https://openalex.org/W2191154512","https://openalex.org/W2211629196","https://openalex.org/W2214352687","https://openalex.org/W2337997009","https://openalex.org/W2345094839","https://openalex.org/W2474599091","https://openalex.org/W2520477759","https://openalex.org/W2538619708","https://openalex.org/W2541495292","https://openalex.org/W2588505004","https://openalex.org/W2591999327","https://openalex.org/W2735071725","https://openalex.org/W2761592212","https://openalex.org/W2766654026","https://openalex.org/W2766926848","https://openalex.org/W2788731403","https://openalex.org/W2789617128","https://openalex.org/W2802990478","https://openalex.org/W2807012007","https://openalex.org/W2896374256","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6603697666","https://openalex.org/W6606282912","https://openalex.org/W6606595081","https://openalex.org/W6635582692","https://openalex.org/W6683886257"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2036807459","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Target":[0],"recognition":[1,22,74,143],"is":[2,85,178,192,212],"a":[3,82,99,169,190,225,238],"challenging":[4],"task":[5],"for":[6,51,159,180],"human":[7,29,63,171,186,229,240],"following":[8,172,241],"of":[9,48,61,93,140,184],"mobile":[10],"service":[11],"robots.":[12],"In":[13],"this":[14],"paper,":[15],"we":[16],"combine":[17],"the":[18,24,28,45,49,62,66,80,89,94,102,108,114,121,129,133,141,145,149,153,174,182,185,196,200,203,209,218,222,233],"principal-component-analysis":[19],"(PCA)-based":[20],"face":[21,30],"with":[23,58],"tracking-learning-detection":[25],"applied":[26],"to":[27,32,87,127,194,228],"(Face-TLD)":[31],"obtain":[33],"an":[34],"improvement,":[35],"named":[36,147],"as":[37,148],"IFace-TLD.":[38],"The":[39,137],"proposed":[40,210],"IFace-TLD":[41,134,211],"can":[42,236],"significantly":[43,151],"improve":[44,88],"discrimination":[46],"ability":[47],"Face-TLD":[50],"ambiguous":[52],"facial":[53],"appearances.":[54],"To":[55,167],"further":[56],"deal":[57],"motion":[59,68,230],"uncertainties":[60],"head,":[64],"especially":[65,158],"sudden":[67],"change,":[69],"which":[70],"makes":[71],"face-based":[72],"target":[73,95,130],"methods":[75],"unstable":[76],"or":[77],"even":[78],"loses":[79],"target,":[81],"skeleton-based":[83],"model":[84],"introduced":[86],"accuracy":[90],"and":[91,144,165,202,215],"robustness":[92,154],"recognition.":[96],"Specifically,":[97],"within":[98],"walk":[100],"half-cycle,":[101],"skeleton":[103,111,116,142],"features":[104,117],"are":[105,118],"extracted":[106,115],"from":[107,162],"upper-body":[109],"three-dimensional":[110],"coordinates.":[112],"Then,":[113],"fed":[119],"into":[120],"support":[122],"vector":[123],"data":[124],"description":[125],"(SVDD)":[126],"identify":[128],"person":[131],"when":[132],"becomes":[135],"invalid.":[136],"seamless":[138],"fusion":[139],"IFace-TLD,":[146],"SIFace-TLD,":[150],"enhances":[152],"in":[155],"complex":[156],"scenarios,":[157],"people":[160],"tracking":[161],"both":[163],"front":[164],"behind.":[166],"achieve":[168,237],"complete":[170],"system,":[173],"particle":[175],"filter":[176],"(PF)":[177],"adopted":[179],"estimating":[181],"state":[183],"motion.":[187],"And":[188,221],"then,":[189],"controller":[191,235],"designed":[193],"maintain":[195],"relative":[197],"position":[198],"between":[199],"robot":[201],"target.":[204],"Experimental":[205],"results":[206],"demonstrate":[207],"that":[208],"more":[213],"accurate":[214],"flexible":[216],"than":[217],"original":[219],"Face-TLD.":[220],"SIFace-TLD":[223],"shows":[224],"robust":[226],"performance":[227],"uncertainties.":[231],"Moreover,":[232],"developed":[234],"satisfactory":[239],"performance.":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}