{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2891516698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2018.2866965","title":"Co-Design of Distributed Model-Based Control and Event-Triggering Scheme for Load Frequency Regulation in Smart Grids","display_name":"Co-Design of Distributed Model-Based Control and Event-Triggering Scheme for Load Frequency Regulation in Smart Grids","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2891516698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2018.2866965","mag":"2891516698"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2018.2866965","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2018.2866965","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100682515","display_name":"Shichao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3163-161X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shichao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3163-161X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101558294","display_name":"Wensheng Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-4498"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wensheng Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-4498","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108047839","display_name":"Ligang Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8198-5267"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ligang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8198-5267","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1563,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":70,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9246185,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"9","first_page":"3311","last_page":"3319"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12277","display_name":"Frequency Control in Power Systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12277","display_name":"Frequency Control in Power Systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-droop","display_name":"Voltage droop","score":0.9007575511932373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-frequency-control","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","score":0.6565868854522705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parametric-statistics","display_name":"Parametric statistics","score":0.6439058780670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.623568058013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.62140291929245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5758698582649231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-regulation","display_name":"Frequency regulation","score":0.5033246874809265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.4849841594696045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.4821171760559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.4475661516189575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.41208741068840027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.319326788187027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.3122827708721161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26481059193611145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.18916404247283936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.0931037962436676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08573511242866516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-source","display_name":"Voltage source","score":0.08522564172744751}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40760162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10920295","display_name":"Voltage droop","level":4,"score":0.9007575511932373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25915539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220786","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","level":2,"score":0.6565868854522705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117251300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1849855","display_name":"Parametric statistics","level":2,"score":0.6439058780670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.623568058013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.62140291929245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5758698582649231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983304839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1747997","display_name":"Frequency regulation","level":4,"score":0.5033246874809265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.4849841594696045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4821171760559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.4475661516189575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.41208741068840027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.319326788187027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.3122827708721161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26481059193611145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.18916404247283936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0931037962436676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08573511242866516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144655898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161128","display_name":"Voltage source","level":3,"score":0.08522564172744751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.2018.2866965","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.2018.2866965","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209078","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems","issn_l":"2168-2216","issn":["2168-2216","2168-2232"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1089059998","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61703031","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5081152029","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4184095","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1489327260","https://openalex.org/W1592980365","https://openalex.org/W1965497192","https://openalex.org/W1966673105","https://openalex.org/W1975404935","https://openalex.org/W1978518835","https://openalex.org/W1986547712","https://openalex.org/W2013032827","https://openalex.org/W2045243564","https://openalex.org/W2047337966","https://openalex.org/W2049671005","https://openalex.org/W2066355445","https://openalex.org/W2070614778","https://openalex.org/W2081785054","https://openalex.org/W2116137652","https://openalex.org/W2118133052","https://openalex.org/W2129411269","https://openalex.org/W2129838522","https://openalex.org/W2144288136","https://openalex.org/W2151109389","https://openalex.org/W2201323145","https://openalex.org/W2295575276","https://openalex.org/W2504353180","https://openalex.org/W2558602402","https://openalex.org/W2588899480","https://openalex.org/W2589128569","https://openalex.org/W2613286333","https://openalex.org/W2900873437","https://openalex.org/W4238055682"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4376457643","https://openalex.org/W2529755282","https://openalex.org/W4379525856","https://openalex.org/W4213134919","https://openalex.org/W4231913803","https://openalex.org/W2751689184","https://openalex.org/W2283881681","https://openalex.org/W4321844062","https://openalex.org/W4360996252","https://openalex.org/W2766311747"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,73],"this":[1,126],"paper,":[2],"one":[3],"new":[4],"distributed":[5,44],"load":[6,128],"frequency":[7,129,147],"regulation":[8,130],"approach":[9,158],"is":[10,47,58,80,152],"proposed":[11,55,77,157],"for":[12],"smart":[13],"power":[14],"system":[15,123],"operation":[16],"under":[17],"two":[18,35],"specific":[19],"practical":[20],"constraints,":[21,36],"including":[22],"the":[23,37,54,62,74,76,84,96,99,112,121,134,142,146,156],"limited":[24],"communication":[25,41,70],"resource":[26],"and":[27,43,67,88,104,148],"speed":[28,163],"droop":[29,164],"parametric":[30],"uncertainty.":[31,166],"To":[32],"address":[33],"these":[34],"co-design":[38,78],"of":[39,50,101,136,145],"event-triggering":[40,89,105],"scheme":[42,57,79],"model-based":[45,56,85],"controller":[46],"studied.":[48],"Instead":[49],"using":[51],"zero-order":[52],"holders,":[53],"able":[59,81],"to":[60,82,162],"extend":[61],"maximum":[63],"allowable":[64],"time":[65],"interval":[66],"thus":[68],"reduce":[69],"bandwidth":[71],"usage.":[72],"meantime,":[75],"get":[83],"control":[86,102,113],"parameters":[87,106],"condition":[90],"metrics":[91],"simultaneously.":[92],"This":[93],"can":[94],"loosen":[95],"conservation":[97],"in":[98,117],"choice":[100],"gains":[103,114],"faced":[107],"by":[108],"existing":[109],"approaches":[110],"where":[111],"are":[115],"fixed":[116],"prior.":[118],"Comparisons":[119],"on":[120],"multiple-area":[122],"confirm":[124],"that":[125,155],"designed":[127],"method":[131],"significantly":[132],"reduces":[133],"number":[135],"required":[137],"data":[138],"transmissions":[139],"without":[140],"sacrificing":[141],"dynamic":[143],"performance":[144],"tie-line":[149],"power.":[150],"It":[151],"also":[153],"shown":[154],"has":[159],"great":[160],"robustness":[161],"coefficient":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}