{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2013269809","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.1977.4309722","title":"A Framework for Processing Value Judgments","display_name":"A Framework for Processing Value Judgments","publication_year":1977,"publication_date":"1977-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2013269809","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.1977.4309722","mag":"2013269809"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.1977.4309722","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.1977.4309722","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S76152103","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics","issn_l":"0018-9472","issn":["0018-9472","2168-2909"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022404172","display_name":"Judea Pearl","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Judea Pearl","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022404172"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.899,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78125,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"5","first_page":"349","last_page":"354"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.9713000059127808,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.9713000059127808,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9700999855995178,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11918","display_name":"Forecasting Techniques and Applications","score":0.9524999856948853,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.6851003170013428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fidelity","display_name":"Fidelity","score":0.6128784418106079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.47589385509490967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.4215976595878601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3325245976448059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3071846663951874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.28666746616363525}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6851003170013428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776459999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119376","display_name":"Fidelity","level":2,"score":0.6128784418106079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47589385509490967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4215976595878601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3325245976448059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3071846663951874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.28666746616363525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.1977.4309722","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.1977.4309722","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S76152103","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics","issn_l":"0018-9472","issn":["0018-9472","2168-2909"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8299999833106995,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W254354190","https://openalex.org/W1517796226","https://openalex.org/W1648122343","https://openalex.org/W1975482862","https://openalex.org/W2017990047","https://openalex.org/W2024226449","https://openalex.org/W2041071620","https://openalex.org/W2059372149","https://openalex.org/W2112463456","https://openalex.org/W2140185931","https://openalex.org/W2143870162","https://openalex.org/W2160645305","https://openalex.org/W2167307376","https://openalex.org/W2316329570","https://openalex.org/W2318629766","https://openalex.org/W2478921075","https://openalex.org/W2917030029","https://openalex.org/W4248828292","https://openalex.org/W6721104019"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2381850946","https://openalex.org/W4380449851","https://openalex.org/W3125091513","https://openalex.org/W4318832338","https://openalex.org/W1919390113","https://openalex.org/W4248383205","https://openalex.org/W4234745530","https://openalex.org/W2146383839","https://openalex.org/W2231829109"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traditional":[0],"decision-analytic":[1],"practice":[2],"emphasizes":[3],"the":[4,32,47,50,75],"distinction":[5],"between":[6],"probability":[7,63],"assessments":[8],"and":[9,18,71,81,86],"value":[10,36,57,84,89],"(or":[11],"utility)":[12],"judgments.":[13],"Whereas":[14],"techniques":[15],"for":[16,73],"elicitation":[17],"integration":[19],"of":[20,30,34,49,53,83,95],"subjective":[21],"probabilities":[22],"often":[23],"can":[24],"be":[25],"submitted":[26],"to":[27,46,68],"empirical":[28,79],"tests":[29],"validity,":[31],"fidelity":[33],"encoding":[35],"judgments":[37,54,58,85,90],"has":[38],"so":[39],"far":[40],"defied":[41],"measurements.":[42],"A":[43],"unified":[44],"approach":[45],"treatment":[48],"two":[51],"types":[52],"is":[55],"presented;":[56],"are":[59],"interpreted":[60],"as":[61],"conditional":[62],"statements.":[64],"Such":[65],"formulation":[66],"leads":[67],"rational":[69],"methodologies":[70],"procedures":[72],"solving":[74],"following":[76],"tasks:":[77],"1)":[78],"validation":[80],"refinement":[82],"2)":[87],"aggregating":[88],"obtained":[91],"from":[92],"a":[93],"panel":[94],"experts.":[96]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
