{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2089867350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.1971.4308269","title":"Computer Simulation Models of Human Behavior: A History of an Intellectual Technology","display_name":"Computer Simulation Models of Human Behavior: A History of an Intellectual Technology","publication_year":1971,"publication_date":"1971-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2089867350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.1971.4308269","mag":"2089867350"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.1971.4308269","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.1971.4308269","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S76152103","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics","issn_l":"0018-9472","issn":["0018-9472","2168-2909"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042549239","display_name":"John M. Dutton","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178169726","display_name":"Southern Methodist University","ror":"https://ror.org/042tdr378","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John M. Dutton","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business Administration, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA","[School of Business Administration, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business Administration, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Business Administration, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063557291","display_name":"William H. Starbuck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4555-0999"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I61544103","display_name":"London Business School","ror":"https://ror.org/001c2sn75","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I61544103"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William H. Starbuck","raw_affiliation_strings":["London Graduate School of Business Studies, London, UK","[London Graduate School of Business Studies, London, UK]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"London Graduate School of Business Studies, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61544103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[London Graduate School of Business Studies, London, UK]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61544103"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3359,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94410806,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"SMC-1","issue":"2","first_page":"128","last_page":"171"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.8684999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.8684999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13748","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Modeling Techniques","score":0.8626000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11798","display_name":"Optimal Experimental Design Methods","score":0.8518999814987183,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregate","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","score":0.6509902477264404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.570968747138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bibliography","display_name":"Bibliography","score":0.5107378959655762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.49760153889656067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.4908221662044525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/completeness","display_name":"Completeness (order theory)","score":0.4795807898044586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limiting","display_name":"Limiting","score":0.4426659047603607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classification-scheme","display_name":"Classification scheme","score":0.43873611092567444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.3991459012031555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3737785220146179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2833404242992401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1738634705543518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11509940028190613}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.6509902477264404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.570968747138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97002063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134995","display_name":"Bibliography","level":2,"score":0.5107378959655762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.49760153889656067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.4908221662044525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17231256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156540","display_name":"Completeness (order theory)","level":2,"score":0.4795807898044586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.4426659047603607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13460635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85753676","display_name":"Classification scheme","level":2,"score":0.43873611092567444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.3991459012031555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3737785220146179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2833404242992401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1738634705543518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11509940028190613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsmc.1971.4308269","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmc.1971.4308269","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S76152103","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics","issn_l":"0018-9472","issn":["0018-9472","2168-2909"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W206137234","https://openalex.org/W374334421","https://openalex.org/W591646085","https://openalex.org/W594935227","https://openalex.org/W1554780814","https://openalex.org/W1732713564","https://openalex.org/W1815004123","https://openalex.org/W1964508089","https://openalex.org/W1976333002","https://openalex.org/W1987640097","https://openalex.org/W2006050816","https://openalex.org/W2015338746","https://openalex.org/W2027802330","https://openalex.org/W2046550774","https://openalex.org/W2047641747","https://openalex.org/W2076280612","https://openalex.org/W2085481276","https://openalex.org/W2086910648","https://openalex.org/W2094713911","https://openalex.org/W2105806064","https://openalex.org/W2116013820","https://openalex.org/W2138064975","https://openalex.org/W2162862643","https://openalex.org/W2317793633","https://openalex.org/W2914025152","https://openalex.org/W3123854632","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2737774955","https://openalex.org/W4205608827","https://openalex.org/W2370620280","https://openalex.org/W4231885144","https://openalex.org/W4302315688","https://openalex.org/W2385673297","https://openalex.org/W3132798417","https://openalex.org/W1559411330","https://openalex.org/W4210477429","https://openalex.org/W2917594120"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,31,45,105],"history":[1],"of":[2,7,10,18,25,34,41,76,84,109,112,116,119,128],"the":[3,8,35,89,93,110,113,117,120,126],"growth":[4],"and":[5,21,68,73,95,115,132],"development":[6],"technology":[9],"computer":[11],"simulation":[12,23,43],"is":[13,79],"reflected":[14],"in":[15],"an":[16,38],"analysis":[17,106],"2034":[19],"sight-read":[20],"classified":[22,50,81],"studies":[24,47,78,129],"human":[26],"behavior":[27],"published":[28],"before":[29],"1971.":[30],"limiting":[32],"goal":[33],"work":[36],"was":[37],"exhaustive":[39],"bibliography":[40,114],"these":[42,77],"studies.":[44,104],"empirical":[46,90],"referenced":[48],"are":[49,99],"into":[51,82],"four":[52],"major":[53],"model":[54,94],"categories":[55],"for":[56],"analysis:":[57],"1)":[58],"individuals,":[59],"2)":[60],"individuals":[61,65,70],"who":[62,66,71],"interact,":[63],"3)":[64],"aggregate,":[67],"4)":[69],"aggregate":[72],"interact.":[74],"Each":[75],"also":[80],"one":[83],"eight":[85],"types,":[86],"according":[87],"to":[88,101],"relationship":[91],"between":[92],"reality.":[96],"Additional":[97],"classifications":[98],"employed":[100],"describe":[102],"methodological":[103],"includes":[107],"estimates":[108],"completeness":[111],"reliability":[118],"classification":[121],"scheme,":[122],"as":[123,125],"well":[124],"distributions":[127],"by":[130],"category":[131],"type.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
