{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2913006991","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsipn.2019.2901198","title":"Fusion Rules for Distributed Detection in Clustered Wireless Sensor Networks With Imperfect Channels","display_name":"Fusion Rules for Distributed Detection in Clustered Wireless Sensor Networks With Imperfect Channels","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2913006991","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsipn.2019.2901198","mag":"2913006991"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsipn.2019.2901198","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsipn.2019.2901198","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306422866","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal and Information Processing over Networks","issn_l":"2373-776X","issn":["2373-776X","2373-7778"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal and Information Processing over Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089659345","display_name":"Sami Aldalahmeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1335-8795"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145019703","display_name":"Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan","ror":"https://ror.org/04a5b0p13","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145019703"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sami Ahmed Aldalahmeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1335-8795","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145019703"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029742837","display_name":"Saleh O. Al-Jazzar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2256-876X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145019703","display_name":"Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan","ror":"https://ror.org/04a5b0p13","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145019703"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saleh O. Al-Jazzar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2256-876X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145019703"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084710654","display_name":"Des McLernon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8278-6171"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Des McLernon","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011903629","display_name":"Syed Ali Raza Zaidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1969-3727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Ali Raza Zaidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057324156","display_name":"Mounir Ghogho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0055-7867"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mounir Ghogho","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1988,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92399517,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"3","first_page":"585","last_page":"597"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12879","display_name":"Distributed Sensor Networks and Detection Algorithms","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12879","display_name":"Distributed Sensor Networks and Detection Algorithms","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9642999768257141,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion-center","display_name":"Fusion center","score":0.7065988779067993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6305224895477295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.5520289540290833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5421709418296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.48797982931137085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.4810226559638977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.45893996953964233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.43048611283302307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/additive-white-gaussian-noise","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","score":0.41533994674682617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3903321921825409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.36666882038116455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.257168173789978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-noise","display_name":"White noise","score":0.22105005383491516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1493285596370697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1399061381816864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.12369653582572937}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781234732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q943505","display_name":"Fusion center","level":4,"score":0.7065988779067993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6305224895477295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.5520289540290833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5421709418296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.48797982931137085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.4810226559638977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.45893996953964233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.43048611283302307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169334058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353292","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","level":3,"score":0.41533994674682617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3903321921825409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.36666882038116455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.257168173789978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112633086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381287","display_name":"White noise","level":2,"score":0.22105005383491516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1493285596370697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1399061381816864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.12369653582572937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsipn.2019.2901198","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsipn.2019.2901198","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306422866","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal and Information Processing over Networks","issn_l":"2373-776X","issn":["2373-776X","2373-7778"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal and Information Processing over Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6600000262260437,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W236348914","https://openalex.org/W1611562685","https://openalex.org/W1976539944","https://openalex.org/W1977862970","https://openalex.org/W2004215803","https://openalex.org/W2007641398","https://openalex.org/W2013734139","https://openalex.org/W2014536191","https://openalex.org/W2020025991","https://openalex.org/W2020980928","https://openalex.org/W2073148077","https://openalex.org/W2078231888","https://openalex.org/W2095818990","https://openalex.org/W2098188576","https://openalex.org/W2103172232","https://openalex.org/W2110998393","https://openalex.org/W2115758294","https://openalex.org/W2135200259","https://openalex.org/W2136982937","https://openalex.org/W2137111949","https://openalex.org/W2144052787","https://openalex.org/W2144936371","https://openalex.org/W2148505876","https://openalex.org/W2149259182","https://openalex.org/W2160838563","https://openalex.org/W2163047592","https://openalex.org/W2164293167","https://openalex.org/W2167465093","https://openalex.org/W2245006243","https://openalex.org/W2424573799","https://openalex.org/W2492752217","https://openalex.org/W2517343931","https://openalex.org/W2538439786","https://openalex.org/W2565123847","https://openalex.org/W2596683455","https://openalex.org/W2761950448","https://openalex.org/W3099909623","https://openalex.org/W3103085346","https://openalex.org/W3103098853","https://openalex.org/W4250589301"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2539674285","https://openalex.org/W1038122923","https://openalex.org/W1998322187","https://openalex.org/W2952514781","https://openalex.org/W3019210376","https://openalex.org/W2391145594","https://openalex.org/W2326572623","https://openalex.org/W3082507779","https://openalex.org/W2139787801","https://openalex.org/W2616316705"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,68,114],"this":[1,69],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,71,87,119],"investigate":[4],"fusion":[5,31,78,92],"rules":[6],"for":[7,133,142,149,167],"distributed":[8],"detection":[9,105,144,180,227],"in":[10,225],"large":[11],"random":[12],"clustered":[13],"wireless":[14],"sensor":[15,22],"networks":[16],"with":[17],"a":[18,89,179,214,222],"three-tier":[19],"hierarchy;":[20],"the":[21,25,30,37,45,53,59,73,97,108,111,130,134,143,150,164,168,176,186,191,194,219,226],"nodes":[23],"(SNs),":[24],"cluster":[26],"heads":[27],"(CHs),":[28],"and":[29,41,58,107,145,189],"center":[32],"(FC).":[33],"The":[34,56],"CHs":[35],"collect":[36],"SNs'":[38],"local":[39,104],"decisions":[40],"relay":[42],"them":[43,50],"to":[44,51,83,101,116,183,201],"FC,":[46],"which":[47,80,128],"then":[48],"fuses":[49],"reach":[52],"ultimate":[54],"decision.":[55],"SN-CH":[57],"CH-FC":[60],"channels":[61],"suffer":[62],"from":[63],"additive":[64],"white":[65],"Gaussian":[66],"noise.":[67],"context,":[70],"derive":[72,138],"optimal":[74,154,187],"log-likelihood":[75],"ratio":[76],"(LLR)":[77],"rule,":[79],"turns":[81],"out":[82],"be":[84],"intractable.":[85],"So,":[86],"develop":[88],"sub-optimal":[90],"linear":[91],"rule":[93],"(LFR)":[94],"that":[95,175,184,207],"weighs":[96],"cluster's":[98],"data":[99],"according":[100],"both":[102],"its":[103],"performance":[106,181],"quality":[109],"of":[110,185,193,221],"communication":[112],"channels.":[113],"order":[115],"implement":[117],"it,":[118],"propose":[120],"an":[121,153],"approximate":[122],"maximum":[123],"likelihood":[124],"based":[125],"LFR":[126,177],"(LFR-aML),":[127],"estimates":[129],"required":[131],"parameters":[132],"LFR.":[135,151],"We":[136],"also":[137],"Gaussian-tail":[139],"upper":[140,196],"bounds":[141],"false":[146],"alarms":[147],"probabilities":[148],"Furthermore,":[152],"CH":[155],"transmission":[156],"power":[157,203,210,216],"allocation":[158,211],"strategy":[159,212],"is":[160],"developed":[161],"by":[162],"solving":[163],"Karush-Kuhn-Tucker":[165],"conditions":[166],"related":[169],"optimization":[170],"problem.":[171],"Extensive":[172],"simulations":[173,205],"show":[174,206],"attains":[178],"near":[182],"LLR":[188],"confirms":[190],"validity":[192],"proposed":[195,209],"bounds.":[197],"Moreover,":[198],"when":[199],"compared":[200],"equal":[202],"allocation,":[204],"our":[208],"achieves":[213],"significant":[215],"saving":[217],"at":[218],"expense":[220],"small":[223],"reduction":[224],"performance.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}