{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414798881","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2025.3617542","title":"Multi-Time-Domain Hierarchical Scheduling of Integrated Energy Systems With Frequency Decomposition Considering Large-Scale Grid Connection of Electric Vehicles","display_name":"Multi-Time-Domain Hierarchical Scheduling of Integrated Energy Systems With Frequency Decomposition Considering Large-Scale Grid Connection of Electric Vehicles","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414798881","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2025.3617542"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2025.3617542","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2025.3617542","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhifeng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3456-6331"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132369690","display_name":"Tianjin University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/018rbtf37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132369690"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhifeng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Information and Automation, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Information and Automation, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132369690"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011117716","display_name":"Zeqi Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132369690","display_name":"Tianjin University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/018rbtf37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132369690"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zeqi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Information and Automation, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Information and Automation, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132369690"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102843658","display_name":"Xiaolong Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3244-3941"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123940","display_name":"Ministry of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xv42m49","country_code":"PT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117458","https://openalex.org/I4210123940"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolong Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Industry-Education Platform for Energy Storage, Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Smart Energy and Information Technology of Tianjin Municipality, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","Key Laboratory of Smart Energy &#x0026; Information Technology of Tianjin Municipality, National Industry-Education Platform for Energy Storage (Tianjin University), Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Industry-Education Platform for Energy Storage, Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Smart Energy and Information Technology of Tianjin Municipality, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Smart Energy &#x0026; Information Technology of Tianjin Municipality, National Industry-Education Platform for Energy Storage (Tianjin University), Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123940"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053616362","display_name":"Hongjie Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2907-2895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123940","display_name":"Ministry of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xv42m49","country_code":"PT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117458","https://openalex.org/I4210123940"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongjie Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Industry-Education Platform for Energy Storage, Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Smart Energy and Information Technology of Tianjin Municipality, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","Key Laboratory of Smart Energy &#x0026; Information Technology of Tianjin Municipality, National Industry-Education Platform for Energy Storage (Tianjin University), Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Industry-Education Platform for Energy Storage, Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Smart Energy and Information Technology of Tianjin Municipality, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Smart Energy &#x0026; Information Technology of Tianjin Municipality, National Industry-Education Platform for Energy Storage (Tianjin University), Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123940"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132369690"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5083,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73313687,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"244","last_page":"254"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14444","display_name":"Power Systems and Renewable Energy","score":0.9635999798774719,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2102","display_name":"Energy Engineering and Power Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14444","display_name":"Power Systems and Renewable Energy","score":0.9635999798774719,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2102","display_name":"Energy Engineering and Power Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9593999981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9401000142097473,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.5778999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.5008000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.474700003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.47049999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoupling","display_name":"Decoupling (probability)","score":0.46239998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.4296000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controllability","display_name":"Controllability","score":0.41429999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-storage","display_name":"Energy storage","score":0.4108000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-management","display_name":"Load management","score":0.3573000133037567}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.5778999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5604000091552734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.5008000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.474700003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.47049999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205606062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249645","display_name":"Decoupling (probability)","level":2,"score":0.46239998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.4296000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4219000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48209547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331104","display_name":"Controllability","level":2,"score":0.41429999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73916439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837718","display_name":"Energy storage","level":3,"score":0.4108000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779370713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357554","display_name":"Load management","level":2,"score":0.3573000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3434000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780685028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096907","display_name":"Grid connection","level":3,"score":0.33980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665453","display_name":"System integration","level":2,"score":0.3382999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.33809998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.3151000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13629441","display_name":"Electric vehicle","level":3,"score":0.31029999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779438525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255048","display_name":"Demand response","level":3,"score":0.3010999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138959212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806783","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","level":3,"score":0.2888999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.28450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.2842999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778820799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454688","display_name":"Cost reduction","level":2,"score":0.26930001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781260460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6139999","display_name":"Energy management system","level":4,"score":0.25920000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31531917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q915157","display_name":"Robust control","level":3,"score":0.2574999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40293303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27137","display_name":"Electric power","level":3,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777347956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1362005","display_name":"Operating cost","level":2,"score":0.2563000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187633118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1317949","display_name":"Economic dispatch","level":4,"score":0.25589999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983304839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1747997","display_name":"Frequency regulation","level":4,"score":0.2547999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91602232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756115","display_name":"Volatility (finance)","level":2,"score":0.25220000743865967}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2025.3617542","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2025.3617542","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4150672305","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024ZD0800300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1954918717","https://openalex.org/W3184574820","https://openalex.org/W4205465208","https://openalex.org/W4220903767","https://openalex.org/W4294760463","https://openalex.org/W4301248816","https://openalex.org/W4309580185","https://openalex.org/W4322730970","https://openalex.org/W4361988330","https://openalex.org/W4368347312","https://openalex.org/W4376481395","https://openalex.org/W4379356498","https://openalex.org/W4380785622","https://openalex.org/W4382628831","https://openalex.org/W4385765327","https://openalex.org/W4386042176","https://openalex.org/W4387789989","https://openalex.org/W4387917781","https://openalex.org/W4388838032","https://openalex.org/W4390150957","https://openalex.org/W4393992770","https://openalex.org/W4400110378","https://openalex.org/W4400110976","https://openalex.org/W4400602075","https://openalex.org/W4400881569","https://openalex.org/W4401304861","https://openalex.org/W4403165605","https://openalex.org/W4403210095","https://openalex.org/W4404450299","https://openalex.org/W4406382367","https://openalex.org/W4409572126","https://openalex.org/W4410027606","https://openalex.org/W4410383553"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Amid":[0],"global":[1],"decarbonization":[2],"efforts,":[3],"Integrated":[4,69],"Energy":[5,70],"Systems":[6],"(IES)":[7],"face":[8],"critical":[9],"challenges":[10],"from":[11],"the":[12,21],"inherent":[13],"uncertainties":[14],"of":[15,26],"high-penetration":[16],"renewable":[17,190],"energy":[18],"sources":[19],"and":[20,35,48,87,170,191],"large-scale,":[22],"potentially":[23],"disorderly":[24],"integration":[25],"Electric":[27],"Vehicles":[28],"(EVs),":[29],"leading":[30],"to":[31,41,80,132],"significant":[32,181],"supply-demand":[33],"imbalances":[34],"system":[36,173],"volatility.":[37],"Existing":[38],"approaches":[39],"struggle":[40],"effectively":[42],"coordinate":[43],"diverse":[44],"device":[45],"response":[46,123],"times":[47],"capture":[49],"complex":[50],"EV":[51,120,192],"user":[52,127],"behavior.":[53],"To":[54],"address":[55],"these,":[56],"this":[57],"paper":[58],"proposes":[59],"a":[60,76,94,117,140,159],"multi-time":[61,98],"domain":[62,99],"control":[63,100],"model-driven":[64],"bi-level":[65],"optimization":[66],"framework":[67],"for":[68,108,145],"Systems.":[71],"The":[72,90],"upper":[73],"level":[74,92],"employs":[75],"multi-objective":[77],"intelligent":[78],"algorithm":[79],"generate":[81],"Pareto-optimal":[82],"solutions":[83],"balancing":[84,184],"economic":[85,163],"costs":[86],"environmental":[88],"impacts.":[89],"lower":[91],"implements":[93],"singular":[95],"perturbation":[96],"theory-based":[97],"model,":[101],"dynamically":[102],"partitioning":[103],"devices":[104],"into":[105],"fast/slow":[106],"subsystems":[107],"differentiated":[109],"scheduling,":[110],"significantly":[111],"enhancing":[112],"resilience":[113],"against":[114],"uncertainties.":[115],"Additionally,":[116],"prospect":[118],"theory-driven":[119],"dynamic":[121],"charging":[122,135],"model":[124],"accurately":[125],"incorporates":[126],"psychology":[128],"(e.g.,":[129],"loss":[130],"aversion)":[131],"guide":[133],"orderly":[134],"via":[136],"price":[137],"incentives.":[138],"Furthermore,":[139],"Fourier-based":[141],"power":[142],"decoupling":[143],"strategy":[144],"hybrid":[146],"storage":[147],"(LIB-SC)":[148],"reduces":[149],"battery":[150],"degradation":[151],"by":[152],"28.7%.":[153],"Case":[154],"studies":[155],"demonstrate":[156],"superior":[157],"performance:":[158],"12.2%":[160],"reduction":[161,167],"in":[162,168,183],"costs,":[164],"an":[165],"11.5%":[166],"emissions,":[169],"robustly":[171],"maintained":[172],"volatility":[174],"below":[175],"5%":[176],"under":[177],"extreme":[178],"uncertainties,":[179],"showcasing":[180],"advancements":[182],"economic-environmental":[185],"objectives":[186],"while":[187],"accommodating":[188],"high":[189],"penetration.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
