{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413677481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2025.3603107","title":"Synergising Hierarchical Data Centers and Power Networks: A Privacy-Preserving Approach","display_name":"Synergising Hierarchical Data Centers and Power Networks: A Privacy-Preserving Approach","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413677481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2025.3603107"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2025.3603107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2025.3603107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.20575","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Junhong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7998-9859"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junhong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7998-9859","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031045561","display_name":"Fei Teng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6828-0294"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Teng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6828-0294","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034739083","display_name":"Yunhe Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8882-9897"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francis Yunhe Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8882-9897","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20900428,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"6","first_page":"5083","last_page":"5098"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9423999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9423999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.583858072757721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.5360000729560852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.44640278816223145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3927691578865051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3571770191192627}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.583858072757721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.5360000729560852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.44640278816223145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3927691578865051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3571770191192627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2025.3603107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2025.3603107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2505.20575","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2505.20575","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.20575","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2505.20575","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2505.20575","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2505.20575","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.20575","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1961385045","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant 52177118","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3600669416","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant 2023YFA1011301","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3855033273","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant 52437005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4281395241","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52177118","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4576378029","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52437005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1568668329","https://openalex.org/W2012586594","https://openalex.org/W2027201126","https://openalex.org/W2059605082","https://openalex.org/W2073793091","https://openalex.org/W2097861666","https://openalex.org/W2102626318","https://openalex.org/W2106424475","https://openalex.org/W2114696918","https://openalex.org/W2116743498","https://openalex.org/W2117618281","https://openalex.org/W2120156893","https://openalex.org/W2146341805","https://openalex.org/W2313629133","https://openalex.org/W2513935212","https://openalex.org/W2604119386","https://openalex.org/W2808281002","https://openalex.org/W2888100632","https://openalex.org/W2904265819","https://openalex.org/W2905381732","https://openalex.org/W2905479026","https://openalex.org/W2922165330","https://openalex.org/W2941480624","https://openalex.org/W2949060119","https://openalex.org/W2970120675","https://openalex.org/W2975029110","https://openalex.org/W3033868844","https://openalex.org/W3043953517","https://openalex.org/W3046335882","https://openalex.org/W3082211556","https://openalex.org/W3083432504","https://openalex.org/W3094128255","https://openalex.org/W3122928677","https://openalex.org/W3125961706","https://openalex.org/W3205885933","https://openalex.org/W3209727316","https://openalex.org/W4200592512","https://openalex.org/W4212803127","https://openalex.org/W4214933521","https://openalex.org/W4225991068","https://openalex.org/W4249513058","https://openalex.org/W4286444577","https://openalex.org/W4289766367","https://openalex.org/W4292110904","https://openalex.org/W4292363360","https://openalex.org/W4308426094","https://openalex.org/W4361029983","https://openalex.org/W4384341675","https://openalex.org/W4386041157","https://openalex.org/W4390684520","https://openalex.org/W4391070867","https://openalex.org/W4391248926","https://openalex.org/W4391381637","https://openalex.org/W4393375125"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,76],"the":[1,23,29,39,61,67,73,88,130,134,143,156,159,172,185,189,208,213,219,228],"era":[2],"of":[3,22,41,63,129,155,184,218],"digitization,":[4],"data":[5,43,210],"centers":[6,44],"have":[7],"emerged":[8],"as":[9,99],"integral":[10],"contributors":[11],"sustaining":[12],"our":[13],"interlinked":[14],"world,":[15],"bearing":[16],"responsibility":[17],"for":[18,188],"an":[19],"increasing":[20],"proportion":[21],"world\u2019s":[24],"energy":[25,37,111],"consumption.":[26],"To":[27,126,151],"facilitate":[28],"their":[30],"fast":[31],"rollout":[32],"while":[33],"progressing":[34],"towards":[35],"net-zero":[36],"systems,":[38,69],"synergy":[40,90,95,190],"hierarchical":[42,209,220],"(cloud-fog-edge)":[45],"and":[46,110,122,182],"power":[47,229],"networks":[48],"can":[49,204],"play":[50],"a":[51,81,100,146,175],"pivotal":[52],"role.":[53],"However,":[54],"existing":[55],"centralized":[56],"co-dispatch":[57],"manners":[58],"encroach":[59],"on":[60],"privacy":[62],"different":[64],"agents":[65],"within":[66,207],"integrated":[68],"meanwhile":[70],"suffering":[71],"from":[72],"combinatorial":[74],"explosion.":[75],"this":[77],"research,":[78],"we":[79],"propose":[80],"near-optimal":[82],"distributed":[83,176],"privacy-preserving":[84,177],"approach":[85],"to":[86,118,141,170],"solve":[87,171],"non-convex":[89,132],"(day-ahead":[91],"co-dispatch)":[92],"problem.":[93],"The":[94,179,197],"problem":[96,144,173,191],"is":[97,116,139,168],"formulated":[98],"mixed":[101,147],"integer":[102,148],"quadratically":[103],"constrained":[104],"quadratic":[105],"programming":[106],"considering":[107],"both":[108],"communication":[109,124],"conservation,":[112],"where":[113],"Lyapunov":[114],"optimization":[115],"introduced":[117],"balance":[119],"operating":[120],"costs":[121],"uncertain":[123],"delays.":[125],"mitigate":[127],"impacts":[128],"highly":[131],"nature,":[133],"normalized":[135],"multi-parametric":[136],"disaggregation":[137],"technique":[138],"leveraged":[140],"reformulate":[142],"into":[145],"non-linear":[149],"programming.":[150],"further":[152,222],"overcome":[153],"non-smoothness":[154],"reformulated":[157],"problem,":[158],"customized":[160],"\u21131-surrogate":[161],"Lagrangian":[162],"relaxation":[163],"method":[164],"with":[165],"convergence":[166],"guarantees":[167],"proposed":[169,186],"in":[174,227],"manner.":[178],"effectiveness,":[180],"optimality,":[181],"scalability":[183],"methodologies":[187],"are":[192],"validated":[193],"via":[194],"numerical":[195],"simulations.":[196],"results":[198],"also":[199],"indicate":[200],"that":[201],"computing":[202],"tasks":[203],"be":[205],"migrated":[206],"centers,":[211],"demonstrating":[212],"flexible":[214],"resource":[215],"allocation":[216],"capabilities":[217],"architecture,":[221],"facilitating":[223],"peak":[224],"load":[225],"balancing":[226],"network.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-20T07:56:41.581041","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}