{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410614304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2025.3571349","title":"Adversarial Scenario Generation Integrated Distributionally Robust Deep Reinforcement Learning for Survival of Critical Loads","display_name":"Adversarial Scenario Generation Integrated Distributionally Robust Deep Reinforcement Learning for Survival of Critical Loads","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410614304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2025.3571349"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2025.3571349","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2025.3571349","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100686438","display_name":"Ran Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-1458"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ran Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Networked Collective Intelligence, School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Networked Collective Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-1458","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Networked Collective Intelligence, School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Networked Collective Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069640828","display_name":"Hongzhe Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6887-368X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongzhe Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Networked Collective Intelligence, School of Mathematics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","School of Mathematics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Networked Collective Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6887-368X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Networked Collective Intelligence, School of Mathematics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Networked Collective Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054133894","display_name":"Mingyu Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6265-7364"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingyu Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Networked Collective Intelligence, School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Networked Collective Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6265-7364","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Networked Collective Intelligence, School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Networked Collective Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Wenwu Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0301-9180"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenwu Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Networked Collective Intelligence, School of Mathematics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","School of Mathematics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Networked Collective Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0301-9180","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Networked Collective Intelligence, School of Mathematics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Networked Collective Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013940516","display_name":"Jin Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4500-1288"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4500-1288","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.8339,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96113116,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"5","first_page":"3533","last_page":"3547"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":0.9168000221252441,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":0.9168000221252441,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.7804217338562012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.635453999042511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5424159169197083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4914032220840454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.46048933267593384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42112261056900024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement","display_name":"Reinforcement","score":0.4167187809944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.30322521924972534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19942614436149597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.11349350214004517}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.7804217338562012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.635453999042511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5424159169197083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4914032220840454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.46048933267593384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42112261056900024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.4167187809944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.30322521924972534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19942614436149597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.11349350214004517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2025.3571349","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2025.3571349","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7846504898","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62233004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8684060089","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62203110","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G901652531","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20242027","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969323923","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2336156739","https://openalex.org/W2905912094","https://openalex.org/W2917783100","https://openalex.org/W2923077575","https://openalex.org/W2963470657","https://openalex.org/W2994517795","https://openalex.org/W3005574555","https://openalex.org/W3070953475","https://openalex.org/W3097422301","https://openalex.org/W3106955672","https://openalex.org/W3107222808","https://openalex.org/W3127551572","https://openalex.org/W3171039560","https://openalex.org/W3190160068","https://openalex.org/W3198865881","https://openalex.org/W4210294974","https://openalex.org/W4220846665","https://openalex.org/W4221133128","https://openalex.org/W4226070029","https://openalex.org/W4285121179","https://openalex.org/W4297094900","https://openalex.org/W4311415873","https://openalex.org/W4312760619","https://openalex.org/W4312773161","https://openalex.org/W4313590951","https://openalex.org/W4377086326","https://openalex.org/W4386322069","https://openalex.org/W4386453649","https://openalex.org/W4386869617","https://openalex.org/W4387250274","https://openalex.org/W4393294912","https://openalex.org/W4400351402","https://openalex.org/W6704571135","https://openalex.org/W6741002519","https://openalex.org/W6741832134","https://openalex.org/W6745454490","https://openalex.org/W6754521519","https://openalex.org/W6766132365"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2502115930","https://openalex.org/W2482350142","https://openalex.org/W4246396837","https://openalex.org/W3126451824","https://openalex.org/W1561927205","https://openalex.org/W3191453585","https://openalex.org/W4297672492","https://openalex.org/W4310988119","https://openalex.org/W4285226279","https://openalex.org/W4288019534"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Topology":[0],"reconfiguration":[1],"(TR)":[2],"is":[3,76,114,143],"an":[4],"efficient":[5],"resilient":[6],"defense":[7],"action":[8],"to":[9,69,85],"ensure":[10],"the":[11,38,101,107,110,158,163,173,178],"survival":[12,96,187],"of":[13,88,162],"critical":[14],"loads":[15],"(CLs)":[16],"during":[17,57],"sequential":[18,82],"extreme":[19],"events":[20],"(SEEs).":[21],"While":[22],"deep":[23],"reinforcement":[24],"learning":[25,122],"(DRL)-based":[26],"TR":[27,67,74,141],"approaches":[28],"have":[29],"been":[30],"widely":[31],"studied":[32],"recently,":[33],"most":[34],"existing":[35],"works":[36],"ignored":[37],"interaction":[39],"between":[40,152],"scenario":[41,103,127],"and":[42,53,97,123,154,160,172,177,183],"training":[43,148],"performance,":[44],"which":[45],"will":[46],"risk":[47],"policy":[48,121,142],"robustness":[49,182],"against":[50],"environmental":[51,137],"changes":[52],"potentially":[54],"endangers":[55],"CLs":[56],"events.":[58],"This":[59],"paper":[60],"proposes":[61],"a":[62,79,124,146,169],"distributionally":[63,80],"robust":[64,81,140],"DRL":[65,117,153],"(DR-DRL)-based":[66],"method":[68,165],"address":[70],"these":[71],"challenges.":[72],"Specifically,":[73],"scheduling":[75],"formulated":[77,108],"as":[78],"decision-making":[83],"problem":[84],"determine":[86],"actions":[87],"remote":[89],"control":[90],"switch":[91],"(RCS)":[92],"for":[93,118,132,185],"optimizing":[94],"CL":[95,186],"microgrid":[98],"operation":[99],"under":[100,188],"worstcase":[102],"distribution.":[104],"To":[105],"solve":[106],"problem,":[109],"DR-DRL":[111],"implementation":[112],"strategy":[113],"proposed":[115,164],"including":[116],"RCS":[119],"switching":[120],"novel":[125],"adversarial":[126,129],"generative":[128],"network":[130],"(ASGAN)":[131],"dataset":[133],"enhancement":[134],"with":[135,191],"worst-case":[136],"scenarios.":[138],"A":[139],"obtained":[144],"through":[145],"customized":[147],"algorithm":[149],"that":[150],"alternates":[151],"AS-GAN":[155],"training.":[156],"Finally,":[157],"effectiveness":[159],"efficiency":[161],"are":[166],"validated":[167],"by":[168],"7-bus":[170],"system":[171],"IEEE":[174],"123-bus":[175],"system,":[176],"results":[179],"demonstrate":[180],"superior":[181],"adaptability":[184],"dynamic":[189],"SEEs":[190],"uncertainties.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}