{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4394896900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2024.3390657","title":"Robust Resilience Enhancement by EV Charging Infrastructure Planning in Coupled Power Distribution and Transportation Systems","display_name":"Robust Resilience Enhancement by EV Charging Infrastructure Planning in Coupled Power Distribution and Transportation Systems","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4394896900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2024.3390657"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2024.3390657","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2024.3390657","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006702936","display_name":"Jianfeng Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9533-7717"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["GB","TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jianfeng Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K","Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9533-7717","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101759445","display_name":"Wei Gan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6431-1209"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Gan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K","School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6431-1209","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038592584","display_name":"Chia\u2010Chi Chu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6403-6078"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chia-Chi Chu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6403-6078","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113836556","display_name":"Lin Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6531-2791"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K","Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6531-2791","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007713068","display_name":"Jiajie Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8981-4876"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1317664592","display_name":"Alabama Power (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02hx58q14","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317664592"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114920","display_name":"Siemens (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/0287e5797","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325886976","https://openalex.org/I4210114920"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiajie Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Power System Consultant Department, Arup, Birmingham, U.K","Siemens Gamesa, West Midlands, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Power System Consultant Department, Arup, Birmingham, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317664592"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Siemens Gamesa, West Midlands, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114920"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006702936"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781","https://openalex.org/I25846049"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":21.4196,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9961276,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"1","first_page":"491","last_page":"504"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12737","display_name":"Electrical Fault Detection and Protection","score":0.9847000241279602,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10780","display_name":"Reliability and Maintenance Optimization","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.7004826068878174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4541683495044708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","score":0.42562413215637207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.37398701906204224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-economics","display_name":"Environmental economics","score":0.3713458776473999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3449270725250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.34452787041664124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.32506299018859863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2707861363887787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.21389353275299072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.16134202480316162}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.7004826068878174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4541683495044708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42562413215637207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.37398701906204224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.3713458776473999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3449270725250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.34452787041664124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.32506299018859863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2707861363887787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.21389353275299072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.16134202480316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2024.3390657","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2024.3390657","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk:168665","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401195","display_name":"ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","host_organization_name":"Cardiff University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2481067576","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"111-2221-E-007-142","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2717756709","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"112-2927-I-007-505","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3330499243","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"111-2622-E-007-019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4754439153","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"112-2221-E-007-023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6638557020","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"112-2622-E-007-026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8364451676","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"112-2221-E-007-023, 112 -2927-I-007-505, 112-2123-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8796518150","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"111-2221-E-019-081","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8927794897","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"111-3116-F-018-001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G979595043","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"112-2123-M-002-010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","display_name":"National Science and Technology Council","ror":"https://ror.org/00wnb9798"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W570900259","https://openalex.org/W1489404763","https://openalex.org/W1966911369","https://openalex.org/W2089953380","https://openalex.org/W2097995695","https://openalex.org/W2132942419","https://openalex.org/W2152799228","https://openalex.org/W2155182739","https://openalex.org/W2194596625","https://openalex.org/W2342558870","https://openalex.org/W2500462719","https://openalex.org/W2503431744","https://openalex.org/W2568633907","https://openalex.org/W2581548326","https://openalex.org/W2601314166","https://openalex.org/W2613791018","https://openalex.org/W2870634601","https://openalex.org/W2887968838","https://openalex.org/W2888639626","https://openalex.org/W2914074484","https://openalex.org/W2970213595","https://openalex.org/W2970949370","https://openalex.org/W2978401149","https://openalex.org/W2981431294","https://openalex.org/W3003503702","https://openalex.org/W3033866882","https://openalex.org/W3035268023","https://openalex.org/W3082655135","https://openalex.org/W3107502657","https://openalex.org/W3123944754","https://openalex.org/W3124053204","https://openalex.org/W3163107061","https://openalex.org/W3194290656","https://openalex.org/W3198731597","https://openalex.org/W3201324288","https://openalex.org/W3212495270","https://openalex.org/W4200384701","https://openalex.org/W4226276044","https://openalex.org/W4281655872","https://openalex.org/W4287399310","https://openalex.org/W4293202763","https://openalex.org/W4365790395"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2284759612","https://openalex.org/W4378555281","https://openalex.org/W2953081822","https://openalex.org/W2752145644","https://openalex.org/W1887981150","https://openalex.org/W4229446828","https://openalex.org/W2016027324","https://openalex.org/W2884088167","https://openalex.org/W2004641193"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,23,34,70,148,162],"the":[2,24,74,80,89,94,113,117,121,127,137,164,167],"recent":[3],"rapid":[4],"developments":[5],"in":[6,27,64,116,126,136],"fast":[7],"charging":[8,62,108],"technology":[9],"for":[10,41,60,93,103],"electric":[11],"vehicles":[12],"(EVs),":[13],"these":[14],"flexible":[15],"mobile":[16],"storage":[17],"resources":[18],"can":[19],"provide":[20],"auxiliary":[21],"services":[22],"power":[25,104],"grid":[26,95],"emergency":[28],"circumstances.":[29],"Therefore,":[30],"it":[31],"is":[32,69,110,124,146],"imperative":[33],"develop":[35],"a":[36,54,132],"resilient":[37,57],"enhancement":[38,58,171],"planning":[39,61],"scheme":[40,59,97,102],"this":[42,49,51,150],"coupled":[43,65,81,158],"network":[44,82],"under":[45,83],"severe":[46],"contingencies.":[47,99],"To":[48],"end,":[50],"paper":[52],"investigates":[53],"novel":[55],"robust":[56,151,169],"infrastructure":[63],"networks.":[66],"The":[67,100,140],"objective":[68,122],"minimize":[71],"both":[72],"(i)":[73],"investment":[75,101],"and":[76,87,107],"operation":[77],"cost":[78,92],"of":[79,156,166],"uncertain":[84],"traffic":[85],"demands,":[86],"(ii)":[88],"EV":[90],"participation":[91],"support":[96],"during":[98],"distribution":[105],"lines":[106],"stations":[109],"determined":[111],"before":[112],"uncertainty":[114,134],"realization":[115],"first":[118],"stage,":[119],"while":[120],"function":[123],"minimized":[125],"worst":[128],"possible":[129],"manner":[130],"within":[131],"specified":[133],"set":[135],"second":[138],"stage.":[139],"nested":[141],"column-and-constraint":[142],"generation":[143],"(NC&CG)":[144],"algorithm":[145],"applied":[147],"solve":[149],"optimization":[152],"problem.":[153],"Numerical":[154],"simulations":[155],"two":[157],"networks":[159],"are":[160],"conducted":[161],"demonstrate":[163],"effectiveness":[165],"proposed":[168],"resilience":[170],"scheme.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-05-24T08:33:08.758527","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}