{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4383752413","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2023.3292076","title":"Optimal Sizing of Behind-the-Meter Battery Storage for Providing Profit-Oriented Stackable Services","display_name":"Optimal Sizing of Behind-the-Meter Battery Storage for Providing Profit-Oriented Stackable Services","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4383752413","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2023.3292076"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2023.3292076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2023.3292076","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/788592155/Upload_Optimal_Sizing_of_Behind-the-Meter_Battery_Storage_for_Providing_Profit-Oriented_Stackable_Services.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100625405","display_name":"Yichao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6846"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yichao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["AAU Energy, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6846","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AAU Energy, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101892452","display_name":"Amjad Anvari\u2010Moghaddam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5505-3252"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amjad Anvari-Moghaddam","raw_affiliation_strings":["AAU Energy, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5505-3252","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AAU Energy, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008302276","display_name":"Saeed Peyghami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0670-3375"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saeed Peyghami","raw_affiliation_strings":["AAU Energy, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0670-3375","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AAU Energy, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032842587","display_name":"Yuan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2041-5193"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["AAU Energy, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2041-5193","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AAU Energy, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078176748","display_name":"Tomislav Dragi\u010devi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4755-2024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomislav Dragi\u010devi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["DTU Wind and Energy Systems, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4755-2024","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DTU Wind and Energy Systems, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039395705","display_name":"Frede Blaabjerg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8311-7412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frede Blaabjerg","raw_affiliation_strings":["AAU Energy, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8311-7412","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AAU Energy, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100625405"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5367,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89844715,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"1481","last_page":"1494"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sizing","display_name":"Sizing","score":0.7733039855957031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profit","display_name":"Profit (economics)","score":0.581673264503479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery-storage","display_name":"Battery storage","score":0.49683859944343567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.4964960217475891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metre","display_name":"Metre","score":0.48077672719955444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4791257083415985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.43518316745758057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4239161014556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3371291756629944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.3306875228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.219495952129364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.1814093291759491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.12634608149528503}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777767291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1080291","display_name":"Sizing","level":2,"score":0.7733039855957031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181622380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26911","display_name":"Profit (economics)","level":2,"score":0.581673264503479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983735921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1832610","display_name":"Battery storage","level":4,"score":0.49683859944343567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.4964960217475891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151011524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11573","display_name":"Metre","level":2,"score":0.48077672719955444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4791257083415985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.43518316745758057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4239161014556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3371291756629944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.3306875228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.219495952129364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.1814093291759491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.12634608149528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2023.3292076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2023.3292076","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/6a70c329-7c78-4a21-a922-51608ef4e25a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/6a70c329-7c78-4a21-a922-51608ef4e25a","pdf_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/788592155/Upload_Optimal_Sizing_of_Behind-the-Meter_Battery_Storage_for_Providing_Profit-Oriented_Stackable_Services.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Zhang, Y, Anvari-Moghaddam, A, Peyghami, S, Li, Y, Dragi\u010devi\u0107, T & Blaabjerg, F 2024, 'Optimal Sizing of Behind-the-Meter Battery Storage for Providing Profit-Oriented Stackable Services', IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 15, no. 2, 10177780, pp. 1481-1494. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2023.3292076","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/91d16cd1-e897-408c-a97f-edfe443258c2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/91d16cd1-e897-408c-a97f-edfe443258c2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400705","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Denmark","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Zhang , Y , Anvari-Moghaddam , A , Peyghami , S , Li , Y , Dragicevic , T &amp; Blaabjerg , F 2023 , ' Optimal Sizing of Behind-the-Meter Battery Storage for Providing Profit-Oriented Stackable Services ' , IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid , vol. 15 , no. 2 , pp. 1481-1494 . https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2023.3292076","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/6a70c329-7c78-4a21-a922-51608ef4e25a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/6a70c329-7c78-4a21-a922-51608ef4e25a","pdf_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/788592155/Upload_Optimal_Sizing_of_Behind-the-Meter_Battery_Storage_for_Providing_Profit-Oriented_Stackable_Services.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Zhang, Y, Anvari-Moghaddam, A, Peyghami, S, Li, Y, Dragi\u010devi\u0107, T & Blaabjerg, F 2024, 'Optimal Sizing of Behind-the-Meter Battery Storage for Providing Profit-Oriented Stackable Services', IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 15, no. 2, 10177780, pp. 1481-1494. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2023.3292076","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4383752413.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4383752413.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2313298879","https://openalex.org/W2338034668","https://openalex.org/W2343495502","https://openalex.org/W2510855940","https://openalex.org/W2737592879","https://openalex.org/W2738648688","https://openalex.org/W2753819198","https://openalex.org/W2772246616","https://openalex.org/W2803705917","https://openalex.org/W2949399104","https://openalex.org/W2963155200","https://openalex.org/W2976317183","https://openalex.org/W3010410925","https://openalex.org/W3025811140","https://openalex.org/W3082442457","https://openalex.org/W3087703777","https://openalex.org/W3096159537","https://openalex.org/W3100391817","https://openalex.org/W3108236786","https://openalex.org/W3118457979","https://openalex.org/W3122242563","https://openalex.org/W3125850881","https://openalex.org/W3126632087","https://openalex.org/W3132813250","https://openalex.org/W3147344850","https://openalex.org/W3158417132","https://openalex.org/W3164125724","https://openalex.org/W3175085053","https://openalex.org/W3189065864","https://openalex.org/W3196234897","https://openalex.org/W3200038746","https://openalex.org/W3200334340","https://openalex.org/W3214240716","https://openalex.org/W3217261612","https://openalex.org/W4205995896","https://openalex.org/W4210299417","https://openalex.org/W4211175447","https://openalex.org/W4283030707","https://openalex.org/W4285281231","https://openalex.org/W4312299090","https://openalex.org/W4317535658"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2375311683","https://openalex.org/W2366062860","https://openalex.org/W2373777250","https://openalex.org/W2353956655","https://openalex.org/W2020653254","https://openalex.org/W2010454064","https://openalex.org/W2352072014","https://openalex.org/W4387389839","https://openalex.org/W2383088574","https://openalex.org/W2376717487"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"focuses":[2],"on":[3,28,138,187],"an":[4,188],"advanced":[5],"optimization":[6],"method":[7,155,183],"for":[8,156],"optimizing":[9],"the":[10,13,65,75,81,90,96,104,110,130,149,158,163,178,181,195],"size":[11,79],"of":[12,50,89,112,180],"behind-the-meter":[14],"(BTM)":[15],"battery":[16],"energy":[17,40],"storage":[18],"system":[19],"(BESS)":[20],"that":[21],"provides":[22],"stackable":[23,48],"services":[24,49],"to":[25,60,99,128,146,169],"improve":[26],"return":[27],"investment.":[29],"The":[30,71,86],"grid":[31],"frequency":[32],"regulation":[33,160,192],"service":[34],"and":[35,42,63,109,122,141,191],"two":[36],"customer-side":[37],"services,":[38],"i.e.,":[39],"arbitrage":[41],"peak":[43],"shaving,":[44],"are":[45],"selected":[46],"as":[47],"BTM":[51,68,77,91,105],"BESS.":[52],"A":[53,115,135],"two-stage":[54,131],"stochastic":[55,132],"programming":[56,125,133],"model":[57],"is":[58,93,126,144,167,184],"proposed":[59,145,182],"handle":[61],"uncertainty":[62,111],"achieve":[64],"most":[66],"cost-effective":[67],"BESS":[69,78,92,106],"size.":[70],"first":[72],"stage":[73,98],"obtains":[74],"optimal":[76],"with":[80],"maximum":[82],"annual":[83],"net":[84],"income.":[85],"operating":[87,113],"strategy":[88,136],"optimized":[94],"in":[95],"second":[97],"maximize":[100],"revenue":[101],"while":[102,173],"considering":[103],"degradation":[107],"cost":[108],"scenarios.":[114],"hybrid":[116],"solution":[117],"algorithm":[118,121],"combining":[119],"genetic":[120],"mixed-integer":[123],"linear":[124],"employed":[127],"solve":[129],"model.":[134],"based":[137,186],"a":[139,142,153],"recorder":[140],"filter":[143],"speed":[147],"up":[148],"solution.":[150],"In":[151],"addition,":[152],"novel":[154],"converting":[157],"second-level":[159],"signal":[161,166],"into":[162],"equivalent":[164],"minute-level":[165],"offered":[168],"reduce":[170],"computational":[171],"burden":[172],"maintaining":[174],"high":[175],"accuracy.":[176],"Finally,":[177],"effectiveness":[179],"validated":[185],"industrial":[189],"load":[190],"information":[193],"from":[194],"Pennsylvania-New":[196],"Jersey-Maryland":[197],"(PJM)":[198],"market.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T08:41:31.759640","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
