{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4324290195","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2023.3256488","title":"Observability Analysis and Restoration for Distribution Grids: A Robust Greedy Numerical Algorithm","display_name":"Observability Analysis and Restoration for Distribution Grids: A Robust Greedy Numerical Algorithm","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4324290195","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2023.3256488"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2023.3256488","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2023.3256488","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2023.3256488","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060870202","display_name":"Natalia Alguacil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9223-0652"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","display_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","ror":"https://ror.org/05r78ng12","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Natalia Alguacil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Ingenier&#x00ED;a El&#x00E9;ctrica, Electr&#x00F3;nica, Autom&#x00E1;tica y Comunicaciones, E.T.S.I. Industrial, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9223-0652","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Ingenier&#x00ED;a El&#x00E9;ctrica, Electr&#x00F3;nica, Autom&#x00E1;tica y Comunicaciones, E.T.S.I. Industrial, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032222534","display_name":"H. Herrero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8598-0217"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","display_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","ror":"https://ror.org/05r78ng12","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henar Herrero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Matem&#x00E1;ticas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8598-0217","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Matem&#x00E1;ticas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086827247","display_name":"Cristina Solares","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8927-4141"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","display_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","ror":"https://ror.org/05r78ng12","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cristina Solares","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Matem&#x00E1;ticas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8927-4141","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Matem&#x00E1;ticas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060870202"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.511,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62584296,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"6","first_page":"4542","last_page":"4552"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observability","display_name":"Observability","score":0.8716176748275757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6566846966743469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6282526254653931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flowchart","display_name":"Flowchart","score":0.5073115229606628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4783629775047302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.4660991430282593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metering-mode","display_name":"Metering mode","score":0.45012497901916504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greedy-algorithm","display_name":"Greedy algorithm","score":0.4464181065559387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.4164888262748718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.41429704427719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4085599482059479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3259868323802948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17251014709472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.1405164897441864}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36299963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369844","display_name":"Observability","level":2,"score":0.8716176748275757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6566846966743469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6282526254653931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72041958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185092","display_name":"Flowchart","level":2,"score":0.5073115229606628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4783629775047302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.4660991430282593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30905978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815598","display_name":"Metering mode","level":2,"score":0.45012497901916504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51823790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504353","display_name":"Greedy algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4464181065559387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4164888262748718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41429704427719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4085599482059479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3259868323802948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17251014709472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.1405164897441864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2023.3256488","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2023.3256488","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2023.3256488","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2023.3256488","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7186414377","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327216","display_name":"Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha","ror":"https://ror.org/02jv91m18"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1598852905","https://openalex.org/W1693168179","https://openalex.org/W1980378320","https://openalex.org/W1990832639","https://openalex.org/W2000293894","https://openalex.org/W2026925397","https://openalex.org/W2078219602","https://openalex.org/W2087768126","https://openalex.org/W2108221725","https://openalex.org/W2124552789","https://openalex.org/W2124691692","https://openalex.org/W2141480176","https://openalex.org/W2304067940","https://openalex.org/W2339497397","https://openalex.org/W2517712319","https://openalex.org/W2559962737","https://openalex.org/W2566641511","https://openalex.org/W2583497101","https://openalex.org/W2620296980","https://openalex.org/W2792424516","https://openalex.org/W2803885838","https://openalex.org/W2906407438","https://openalex.org/W2928748824","https://openalex.org/W2962923540","https://openalex.org/W2990218688","https://openalex.org/W3113436222","https://openalex.org/W3116750518","https://openalex.org/W3130912548","https://openalex.org/W3193413380","https://openalex.org/W4211080438","https://openalex.org/W4214849630","https://openalex.org/W4235471604","https://openalex.org/W4236451413","https://openalex.org/W4289555440","https://openalex.org/W4312684123"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387497383","https://openalex.org/W3183948672","https://openalex.org/W3173606202","https://openalex.org/W3110381201","https://openalex.org/W2948807893","https://openalex.org/W2935909890","https://openalex.org/W2778153218","https://openalex.org/W2758277628","https://openalex.org/W1531601525","https://openalex.org/W2046459260"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,62,67,92],"robust":[4],"and":[5,10,32],"efficient":[6],"algorithm":[7,77,112,141],"for":[8,108],"analyzing":[9],"restoring":[11],"the":[12,48,51,55,75,101,104,111,114,119,125,139],"observability":[13],"of":[14,50,103,138],"distribution":[15,28],"grids.":[16],"A":[17],"linearized":[18],"load":[19],"flow":[20],"model":[21],"is":[22,58,97,142],"used":[23],"to":[24,41,85,99,124,131,151],"characterize":[25],"three-and":[26],"multi-phase":[27],"grids":[29],"under":[30],"balanced":[31],"unbalanced":[33],"conditions.":[34],"Assuming":[35],"that":[36,127],"metering":[37],"devices":[38],"are":[39],"installed":[40],"measure":[42],"nodal":[43],"magnitudes":[44,57],"at":[45],"some":[46],"buses,":[47],"rank":[49],"matrix":[52],"associated":[53],"with":[54,66,149],"non-metered":[56],"determined":[59],"by":[60,82],"using":[61,144],"greedy":[63],"strategy":[64],"combined":[65],"Gram-Schmidt":[68],"orthonormalization":[69],"procedure.":[70],"Unlike":[71],"other":[72],"numerical-based":[73],"techniques,":[74],"proposed":[76,105,140],"avoids":[78],"common":[79],"errors":[80],"caused":[81],"denominators":[83],"close":[84],"zero.":[86],"As":[87],"an":[88],"additional":[89],"salient":[90],"feature,":[91],"mathematically":[93],"sound":[94],"stopping":[95],"criterion":[96],"provided":[98],"guarantee":[100],"robustness":[102],"algorithm.":[106],"Furthermore,":[107],"unobservable":[109],"grids,":[110],"identifies":[113],"linearly":[115],"dependent":[116],"rows":[117],"in":[118],"aforementioned":[120],"matrix,":[121],"which":[122],"correspond":[123],"buses":[126],"should":[128],"be":[129],"metered":[130],"restore":[132],"grid":[133],"observability.":[134],"The":[135],"effective":[136],"performance":[137],"illustrated":[143],"several":[145],"medium-and":[146],"low-voltage":[147],"benchmarks":[148],"up":[150],"906":[152],"buses.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
