{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4323519378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2023.3253781","title":"Model-Measurement Data Integrity Attacks","display_name":"Model-Measurement Data Integrity Attacks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4323519378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2023.3253781"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2023.3253781","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2023.3253781","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/5165411/5446437/10061581.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/5165411/5446437/10061581.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101855158","display_name":"Gang Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8425-5021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133738476","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Lowell","ror":"https://ror.org/03hamhx47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133738476"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gang Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA","Department of Electrical and Com-puter Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133738476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Com-puter Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133738476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068257993","display_name":"Yuzhang Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1366-4637"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133738476","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Lowell","ror":"https://ror.org/03hamhx47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133738476"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuzhang Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA","Department of Electrical and Com-puter Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133738476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Com-puter Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133738476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061710167","display_name":"Jun Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5148-1399"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042402520","display_name":"Junbo Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8498-9666"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junbo Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079071318","display_name":"Linquan Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1408-0369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102149020","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte","ror":"https://ror.org/04dawnj30","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linquan Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101855158"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133738476"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2696,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78782717,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"6","first_page":"4741","last_page":"4757"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-attack","display_name":"Cyber-attack","score":0.5864814519882202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.5787565112113953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5590730905532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.5388085842132568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5052431225776672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-grid","display_name":"Power grid","score":0.4586898982524872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.38765230774879456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3726467788219452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.35741180181503296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.3433828353881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.33099788427352905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1594838798046112}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201307755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4071928","display_name":"Cyber-attack","level":2,"score":0.5864814519882202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.5787565112113953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5590730905532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.5388085842132568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5052431225776672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983254600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096907","display_name":"Power grid","level":3,"score":0.4586898982524872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.38765230774879456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3726467788219452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.35741180181503296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.3433828353881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.33099788427352905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1594838798046112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2023.3253781","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2023.3253781","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/5165411/5446437/10061581.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2023.3253781","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2023.3253781","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/5165411/5446437/10061581.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6600000262260437,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1989544829","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1947617","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4323519378.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4323519378.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":71,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W243364245","https://openalex.org/W1513720878","https://openalex.org/W1598852905","https://openalex.org/W1600918697","https://openalex.org/W1680757476","https://openalex.org/W1922736325","https://openalex.org/W1968808436","https://openalex.org/W1982399570","https://openalex.org/W2001804618","https://openalex.org/W2020925091","https://openalex.org/W2022810949","https://openalex.org/W2035989925","https://openalex.org/W2036370913","https://openalex.org/W2038651258","https://openalex.org/W2046172123","https://openalex.org/W2051054517","https://openalex.org/W2055253336","https://openalex.org/W2056684756","https://openalex.org/W2058532290","https://openalex.org/W2064403317","https://openalex.org/W2100445566","https://openalex.org/W2106424475","https://openalex.org/W2107861471","https://openalex.org/W2115656617","https://openalex.org/W2142877134","https://openalex.org/W2149365825","https://openalex.org/W2153268908","https://openalex.org/W2157078218","https://openalex.org/W2206593303","https://openalex.org/W2230317998","https://openalex.org/W2302571425","https://openalex.org/W2319367234","https://openalex.org/W2338561420","https://openalex.org/W2343174841","https://openalex.org/W2484014296","https://openalex.org/W2525022545","https://openalex.org/W2550453031","https://openalex.org/W2740120135","https://openalex.org/W2791047555","https://openalex.org/W2807999445","https://openalex.org/W2889702961","https://openalex.org/W2907922133","https://openalex.org/W2921677088","https://openalex.org/W2937619061","https://openalex.org/W2943262196","https://openalex.org/W2949160428","https://openalex.org/W2959889059","https://openalex.org/W2962853966","https://openalex.org/W2962896174","https://openalex.org/W2995179471","https://openalex.org/W3007976404","https://openalex.org/W3008059000","https://openalex.org/W3041159710","https://openalex.org/W3044175764","https://openalex.org/W3086548395","https://openalex.org/W3092252898","https://openalex.org/W3096437186","https://openalex.org/W3130070946","https://openalex.org/W3175312723","https://openalex.org/W3175325040","https://openalex.org/W3185713796","https://openalex.org/W3194618954","https://openalex.org/W4206488834","https://openalex.org/W4225127185","https://openalex.org/W4292363360","https://openalex.org/W4300448178","https://openalex.org/W4312241957","https://openalex.org/W6609413134","https://openalex.org/W6640345655","https://openalex.org/W6771658506","https://openalex.org/W6848073037"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2751256511","https://openalex.org/W1597785538","https://openalex.org/W2382521298","https://openalex.org/W2155742919","https://openalex.org/W1914681266","https://openalex.org/W2946248804","https://openalex.org/W2032188264","https://openalex.org/W4205294552","https://openalex.org/W3204945059","https://openalex.org/W4283210029"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,105],"vulnerabilities":[1],"of":[2,18,26,60,89,103,114,142],"information":[3],"and":[4,32,95,133],"communica-tion":[5],"technology":[6],"(ICT)":[7],"infrastructures":[8],"leave":[9],"room":[10],"for":[11,121],"cyber":[12,38,85],"attacks":[13,39],"threatening":[14],"the":[15,23,27,33,44,66,91,101,123,128,134,140,143],"reliable":[16],"operations":[17],"power":[19,29],"systems.":[20],"Based":[21],"on":[22],"real-world":[24],"evidence":[25],"Ukraine":[28],"grid":[30],"attack":[31,52,79,97,108,146],"pop-ular":[34],"technical":[35],"discussion":[36],"that":[37],"could":[40],"be":[41],"launched":[42],"at":[43],"control-center":[45],"level,":[46],"this":[47],"paper":[48],"reveals":[49],"a":[50,111],"new":[51],"strategy:":[53],"model-measurement":[54],"data":[55,77],"integrity":[56],"(MMI)":[57],"attack.":[58],"Instead":[59],"com-promising":[61],"measurements":[62],"only,":[63],"we":[64,83],"investigate":[65],"possibility":[67],"where":[68],"network":[69],"parameters":[70],"are":[71],"coordinately":[72],"manipulated":[73,92],"when":[74],"con-structing":[75],"false":[76],"injection":[78],"(FDIA)":[80],"vectors.":[81],"Furthermore,":[82],"model":[84],"adversaries":[86],"possible":[87],"behavior":[88],"co-planning":[90],"measurement":[93,115],"channels":[94,116],"parameter":[96],"vectors":[98],"prior":[99],"to":[100,117],"launch":[102],"FDIAs.":[104],"revealed":[106,144],"MMI":[107,145],"strategy":[109],"allows":[110],"drastic":[112],"reduction":[113],"compro-mise":[118],"in":[119,127],"run-time":[120],"keeping":[122],"stealth":[124],"property.":[125],"Simulations":[126],"IEEE":[129,135],"14-bus":[130],"test":[131,137],"system":[132,138],"118-bus":[136],"demonstrate":[139],"feasibility":[141],"strategy.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}