{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285189785","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2022.3184252","title":"Differentially Private <i>K</i>-Means Clustering Applied to Meter Data Analysis and Synthesis","display_name":"Differentially Private <i>K</i>-Means Clustering Applied to Meter Data Analysis and Synthesis","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285189785","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2022.3184252"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2022.3184252","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2022.3184252","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1896681","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049412094","display_name":"Nikhil Ravi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1267-2563"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikhil Ravi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell Tech, New York City, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1267-2563","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell Tech, New York City, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029881017","display_name":"Anna Scaglione","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8892-3680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Scaglione","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell Tech, New York City, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell Tech, New York City, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101998226","display_name":"Sachin Kadam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7085-3365"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sachin Kadam","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029689658","display_name":"Reinhard Gentz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7107-3448"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reinhard Gentz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computational Research, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA","Networking Department, Amazon, Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7107-3448","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Research, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Networking Department, Amazon, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067720069","display_name":"Sean Peisert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3566-9719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sean Peisert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Sciences Research and Development Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3566-9719","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Sciences Research and Development Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000737055","display_name":"Brent Lunghino","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brent Lunghino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Science and Methodology Implementation, Kevala, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Science and Methodology Implementation, Kevala, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011251126","display_name":"Emmanuel Levijarvi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emmanuel Levijarvi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Engineering Department, Kevala, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Engineering Department, Kevala, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023146645","display_name":"Aram Shumavon","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aram Shumavon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kevala, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kevala, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8869,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91925466,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"6","first_page":"4801","last_page":"4814"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6405870914459229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4528527855873108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.38169997930526733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.16376662254333496}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6405870914459229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4528527855873108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.38169997930526733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.16376662254333496}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2022.3184252","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2022.3184252","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1896681","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1896681","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1896681","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1896681","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1896681","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1896681","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1286236842","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"-AC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3083819904","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3504631894","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TSG-01851-2021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G427564689","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DEAC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6348972864","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6558272803","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G969889393","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC02-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285189785.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285189785.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W85047175","https://openalex.org/W1557833142","https://openalex.org/W1565207014","https://openalex.org/W1873763122","https://openalex.org/W1975153313","https://openalex.org/W1978769862","https://openalex.org/W1979411152","https://openalex.org/W2023124966","https://openalex.org/W2027595342","https://openalex.org/W2095677682","https://openalex.org/W2106424475","https://openalex.org/W2135930857","https://openalex.org/W2171208762","https://openalex.org/W2339215545","https://openalex.org/W2341283081","https://openalex.org/W2463477646","https://openalex.org/W2466912485","https://openalex.org/W2730936454","https://openalex.org/W2743398363","https://openalex.org/W2763450200","https://openalex.org/W2786918196","https://openalex.org/W2791871092","https://openalex.org/W2887119851","https://openalex.org/W2963809394","https://openalex.org/W2996129147","https://openalex.org/W2996813151","https://openalex.org/W3003360011","https://openalex.org/W3042184416","https://openalex.org/W3095764521","https://openalex.org/W3102477513","https://openalex.org/W3122232506","https://openalex.org/W3178083658","https://openalex.org/W4255574744","https://openalex.org/W6719878650","https://openalex.org/W6742154361","https://openalex.org/W6773507276","https://openalex.org/W6804071139"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,43],"proliferation":[1],"of":[2,11,27,40,78,100,108],"smart":[3],"meters":[4],"has":[5],"resulted":[6],"in":[7,33],"a":[8,25,34,98,147,152],"large":[9],"amount":[10],"data":[12,32,125],"being":[13],"generated.":[14],"It":[15],"is":[16,45],"increasingly":[17],"apparent":[18],"that":[19,36,119],"methods":[20],"are":[21],"required":[22],"for":[23,97,146],"allowing":[24,79],"variety":[26],"stakeholders":[28],"to":[29,47,57,59,67,82,115],"leverage":[30,112],"the":[31,38,41,52,60,63,76,106,113,128],"manner":[35],"preserves":[37],"privacy":[39],"consumers.":[42],"sector":[44],"scrambling":[46],"define":[48],"policies,":[49],"such":[50,140],"as":[51,141],"so":[53],"called":[54],"\u201815/15":[55],"rule\u2019,":[56],"respond":[58],"need.":[61],"However,":[62],"current":[64],"policies":[65],"fail":[66],"adequately":[68],"guarantee":[69],"privacy.":[70,110],"In":[71],"this":[72],"paper,":[73],"we":[74],"address":[75],"problem":[77],"third":[80],"parties":[81],"apply":[83],"<inline-formula":[84],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[85],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[86],"<tex-math":[87],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$K$":[88],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[89],"-means":[90],"clustering,":[91],"obtaining":[92],"customer":[93],"labels":[94],"and":[95,151],"centroids":[96],"set":[99],"load":[101,124,144,155],"time":[102],"series":[103],"by":[104,136],"applying":[105],"framework":[107],"differential":[109],"We":[111,131],"method":[114],"design":[116],"an":[117],"algorithm":[118],"generates":[120],"differentially":[121],"private":[122],"synthetic":[123,149],"consistent":[126],"with":[127],"labeled":[129],"data.":[130],"test":[132],"our":[133],"algorithm\u2019s":[134],"utility":[135],"answering":[137],"summary":[138],"statistics":[139],"average":[142],"daily":[143],"profiles":[145],"2-dimensional":[148],"dataset":[150],"real-world":[153],"power":[154],"dataset.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T08:27:34.040176","created_date":"2022-07-14T00:00:00"}
