{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4214943068","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2022.3155710","title":"Harmonic Analysis of Droop-Based Islanded Microgrids","display_name":"Harmonic Analysis of Droop-Based Islanded Microgrids","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4214943068","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2022.3155710"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2022.3155710","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2022.3155710","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062939049","display_name":"Ameen Hassan Yazdavar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7247-6452"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ameen Hassan Yazdavar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078746070","display_name":"A. A. Eajal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5713-3934"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdelsalam A. Eajal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001035778","display_name":"Maher A. Azzouz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0957-8437"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74413500","display_name":"University of Windsor","ror":"https://ror.org/01gw3d370","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maher A. Azzouz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041719424","display_name":"M.M.A. Salama","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3970-4844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. M. A. Salama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020667524","display_name":"Ehab F. El\u2010Saadany","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0172-0686"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176601375","display_name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05hffr360","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}],"countries":["AE","CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ehab F. El-Saadany","raw_affiliation_strings":["EECS Department, Advanced Power and Energy Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE","ECE Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EECS Department, Advanced Power and Energy Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062939049"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.085,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7508327,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"4","first_page":"2589","last_page":"2600"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13183","display_name":"Islanding Detection in Power Systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-droop","display_name":"Voltage droop","score":0.870587944984436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic-analysis","display_name":"Harmonic analysis","score":0.5754433274269104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic","display_name":"Harmonic","score":0.5547536015510559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5467339158058167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microgrid","display_name":"Microgrid","score":0.5119608640670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ac-power","display_name":"AC power","score":0.4373674690723419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4317493736743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4125969707965851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.3103225827217102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3000217080116272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2990992069244385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18709033727645874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-regulator","display_name":"Voltage regulator","score":0.16768878698349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.1341431438922882}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40760162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10920295","display_name":"Voltage droop","level":4,"score":0.870587944984436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131770355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876215","display_name":"Harmonic analysis","level":2,"score":0.5754433274269104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127934551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148098","display_name":"Harmonic","level":2,"score":0.5547536015510559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5467339158058167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776784348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5762595","display_name":"Microgrid","level":3,"score":0.5119608640670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108755667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930258","display_name":"AC power","level":3,"score":0.4373674690723419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4317493736743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4125969707965851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.3103225827217102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3000217080116272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2990992069244385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18709033727645874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110706871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851210","display_name":"Voltage regulator","level":3,"score":0.16768878698349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.1341431438922882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2022.3155710","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2022.3155710","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8899999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4520115","https://openalex.org/W312700850","https://openalex.org/W1973689183","https://openalex.org/W1974053748","https://openalex.org/W2001569259","https://openalex.org/W2009704558","https://openalex.org/W2041600841","https://openalex.org/W2056110926","https://openalex.org/W2067973011","https://openalex.org/W2071685821","https://openalex.org/W2073703226","https://openalex.org/W2084067034","https://openalex.org/W2094879958","https://openalex.org/W2096981867","https://openalex.org/W2104179704","https://openalex.org/W2105840500","https://openalex.org/W2115326528","https://openalex.org/W2116502979","https://openalex.org/W2118756241","https://openalex.org/W2124332712","https://openalex.org/W2124708943","https://openalex.org/W2155583374","https://openalex.org/W2155903355","https://openalex.org/W2157349409","https://openalex.org/W2158376327","https://openalex.org/W2163807857","https://openalex.org/W2165700058","https://openalex.org/W2166374501","https://openalex.org/W2169559995","https://openalex.org/W2186091681","https://openalex.org/W2213135968","https://openalex.org/W2308977009","https://openalex.org/W2314775828","https://openalex.org/W2344299036","https://openalex.org/W2790513050","https://openalex.org/W2962846149","https://openalex.org/W3147537413","https://openalex.org/W4210935659","https://openalex.org/W4241329005","https://openalex.org/W4245007516","https://openalex.org/W6686666925"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2349700491","https://openalex.org/W3132792237","https://openalex.org/W3132497606","https://openalex.org/W4210526872","https://openalex.org/W2168694011","https://openalex.org/W2902030441","https://openalex.org/W2996701762","https://openalex.org/W3134658563","https://openalex.org/W2587667458","https://openalex.org/W2164070943"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Islanded":[0],"microgrids":[1,113],"have":[2,63],"specific":[3],"features":[4],"that":[5,114,153],"should":[6,93],"be":[7,94],"considered":[8,95],"in":[9,96,131],"their":[10,136],"harmonic":[11,98,108],"analysis.":[12,99],"First,":[13],"microgrids\u2019":[14],"distributed":[15],"generators":[16],"(DGs)":[17],"are":[18,129],"typically":[19],"droop-based,":[20],"and":[21,39,56,79,87,90,121],"accordingly,":[22],"the":[23,29,34,50,53,58,85,97,107,132,170,174,177,186],"steady-state":[24],"frequency":[25],"is":[26,44,147,173,189],"different":[27,181],"from":[28],"nominal":[30],"one.":[31],"This":[32,100],"affects":[33,49],"harmonics":[35],"produced":[36],"by":[37],"DGs":[38,61,83],"nonlinear":[40,151],"loads.":[41],"Second,":[42],"there":[43],"no":[45],"slack":[46],"bus,":[47],"which":[48],"distribution":[51],"of":[52,82,110,169,176,185],"fundamental":[54],"currents,":[55],"thus,":[57],"harmonics.":[59,182],"Third,":[60],"usually":[62],"voltage":[64,86],"source":[65],"converters":[66],"(VSCs)":[67],"as":[68],"an":[69,156],"interface":[70],"for":[71,106,149],"energy":[72],"transfer":[73,137],"to":[74,140,160],"microgrids.":[75],"The":[76,166,183],"control":[77,127],"structures":[78],"output":[80],"filters":[81],"affect":[84],"current":[88],"distortions,":[89],"hence,":[91],"they":[92],"paper":[101],"introduces":[102],"a":[103,144],"sequential":[104],"algorithm":[105,134,188],"analysis":[109],"droop-based":[111],"islanded":[112],"considers":[115],"these":[116],"features.":[117],"For":[118],"being":[119],"accurate":[120],"yet":[122],"computationally":[123],"efficient,":[124],"DGs\u2019":[125],"cascaded":[126],"loops":[128],"modeled":[130],"proposed":[133,148,171,187],"through":[135,191],"functions.":[138],"Due":[139],"its":[141,164],"quadratic":[142],"convergence,":[143],"Newton-based":[145],"approach":[146,172],"modeling":[150],"loads":[152],"relies":[154],"on":[155],"analytical":[157],"Jacobian":[158],"matrix":[159],"further":[161],"speed":[162],"up":[163],"convergence.":[165],"meritorious":[167],"advantage":[168],"consideration":[175],"mutual":[178],"coupling":[179],"between":[180],"effectiveness":[184],"confirmed":[190],"comparative":[192],"evaluations":[193],"with":[194],"time-domain":[195],"simulations.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
