{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4214747296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2022.3148757","title":"A Synchronized Lissajous-Based Method to Detect and Classify Events in Synchro-Waveform Measurements in Power Distribution Networks","display_name":"A Synchronized Lissajous-Based Method to Detect and Classify Events in Synchro-Waveform Measurements in Power Distribution Networks","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4214747296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2022.3148757"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2022.3148757","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2022.3148757","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055343855","display_name":"Milad Izadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4305-9809"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103635307","display_name":"University of California, Riverside","ror":"https://ror.org/03nawhv43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Milad Izadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4305-9809","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010390337","display_name":"Hamed Mohsenian\u2010Rad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7215-5632"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103635307","display_name":"University of California, Riverside","ror":"https://ror.org/03nawhv43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamed Mohsenian-Rad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7215-5632","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"],"apc_list":{"value":2195,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2195},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5925,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":60,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93949383,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"3","first_page":"2170","last_page":"2184"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11343","display_name":"Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11343","display_name":"Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10573","display_name":"Power Quality and Harmonics","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12300","display_name":"Advanced Electrical Measurement Techniques","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lissajous-curve","display_name":"Lissajous curve","score":0.9390794038772583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.7713568210601807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchro","display_name":"Synchro","score":0.5134249925613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4998338222503662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.49513259530067444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3960898518562317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3768708109855652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22453859448432922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16196975111961365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.13385045528411865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.12465918064117432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.0779358446598053}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207168407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q594135","display_name":"Lissajous curve","level":2,"score":0.9390794038772583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.7713568210601807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28944840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1256545","display_name":"Synchro","level":2,"score":0.5134249925613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4998338222503662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.49513259530067444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3960898518562317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3768708109855652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22453859448432922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16196975111961365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.13385045528411865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12465918064117432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0779358446598053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2022.3148757","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2022.3148757","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5m1152c5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5m1152c5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5133932682","display_name":"UC-Lab Center for Electricity Distribution Cybersecurity","funder_award_id":"LFR-18-548175","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333677","funder_display_name":"Office of the President, University of California"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333677","display_name":"Office of the President, University of California","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W2040975718","https://openalex.org/W2044474049","https://openalex.org/W2062936627","https://openalex.org/W2070904262","https://openalex.org/W2075448888","https://openalex.org/W2108255779","https://openalex.org/W2126704684","https://openalex.org/W2187652179","https://openalex.org/W2492181757","https://openalex.org/W2551310898","https://openalex.org/W2754387896","https://openalex.org/W2799220543","https://openalex.org/W2812096095","https://openalex.org/W2921998118","https://openalex.org/W2931518639","https://openalex.org/W2955999296","https://openalex.org/W2963975886","https://openalex.org/W2997699903","https://openalex.org/W3004066217","https://openalex.org/W3018184005","https://openalex.org/W3043895269","https://openalex.org/W3056908629","https://openalex.org/W3103090513","https://openalex.org/W3153631680","https://openalex.org/W3163427068","https://openalex.org/W3169993218","https://openalex.org/W3173775817","https://openalex.org/W4206210145","https://openalex.org/W4224228060","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6684191040"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390491011","https://openalex.org/W2361687857","https://openalex.org/W2368717253","https://openalex.org/W2350823986","https://openalex.org/W2041612524","https://openalex.org/W2350327696","https://openalex.org/W1988279584","https://openalex.org/W2358128885","https://openalex.org/W4206085491","https://openalex.org/W3169993218"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Waveform":[0],"measurement":[1],"units":[2],"(WMUs)":[3],"are":[4,43,90],"a":[5,46,151],"new":[6,28],"class":[7],"of":[8,75,87,109,125,144,171,197,219],"smart":[9],"grid":[10],"sensors.":[11],"They":[12,248],"capturesynchro-waveforms,":[13],"i.e.,":[14],"time-synchronized":[15],"high-resolution":[16],"voltage":[17],"waveform":[18,21,118],"and":[19,57,71,84,176,187,210,215,238],"current":[20],"measurements.":[22,40,119],"In":[23],"this":[24],"paper,":[25],"we":[26,101,121],"propose":[27],"methods":[29,42,60,178,240],"todetectandclassifypower":[30],"quality":[31,230],"events":[32,231],"in":[33,114,129,141],"power":[34,229],"distribution":[35],"systems":[36],"by":[37,62],"using":[38],"synchro-waveform":[39],"The":[41,53,73,169,201,222,235],"built":[44],"upon":[45],"novel":[47],"graphical":[48],"concept,":[49],"calledsynchronized":[50],"Lissajous":[51,67,105,147,167],"curve.":[52],"proposed":[54,173,199,202,223,236],"event":[55,58,89,174,203,224],"detection":[56,175,204,237],"classification":[59,177,225,239],"work":[61],"analyzing":[63],"theshapeof":[64],"the":[65,80,82,88,103,115,126,130,137,142,145,159,162,165,172,195,198,212,216,246],"synchronized":[66,104,117,146,166],"curves":[68,106],"during":[69],"disturbances":[70],"events.":[72],"impact":[74],"challenging":[76],"factors,":[77],"such":[78],"as":[79,110,113,134,252],"angle,":[81],"location,":[83],"other":[85],"parameters":[86],"discussed.":[91],"We":[92,149],"show":[93],"that":[94],"these":[95],"challenges":[96],"can":[97,122,206,227],"be":[98],"addressed":[99],"if":[100],"treat":[102],"asimages,":[107],"instead":[108],"time":[111,214,218],"series":[112],"raw":[116],"Hence,":[120],"take":[123],"advantage":[124],"recent":[127],"advancements":[128],"field":[131,189],"ofimage":[132],"processingso":[133],"to":[135,157],"capture":[136],"overall":[138],"characterizing":[139],"patterns":[140],"shapes":[143],"curves.":[148],"develop":[150],"Convolutional":[152],"Neural":[153],"Network":[154],"(CNN)":[155],"method":[156,205,226],"classify":[158,228],"events,":[160,209],"where":[161],"input":[163],"is":[164,179],"images.":[168],"effectiveness":[170],"demonstrated":[180],"through":[181],"computer":[182],"simulations,":[183,186],"including":[184],"hardware-in-the-loop":[185],"real-world":[188],"data.":[190],"Multiple":[191],"case":[192],"studies":[193],"verify":[194],"performance":[196],"methods.":[200],"accurately":[207],"detect":[208],"identify":[211],"start":[213],"end":[217],"each":[220],"event.":[221],"with":[232],"high":[233],"accuracy.":[234],"donotrequire":[241],"any":[242],"prior":[243],"knowledge":[244],"about":[245],"network.":[247],"use":[249],"data":[250],"from":[251],"few":[253],"asonly":[254],"twoWMUs.":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
