{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3189887790","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2021.3101235","title":"Grid Services Optimization From Multiple Microgrids","display_name":"Grid Services Optimization From Multiple Microgrids","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3189887790","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2021.3101235","mag":"3189887790"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2021.3101235","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2021.3101235","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001011530","display_name":"Maad Alowaifeer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0555-8620"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maad Alowaifeer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, The King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0555-8620","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, The King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062888336","display_name":"Mohannad Alkhraijah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2116-6766"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohannad Alkhraijah","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2116-6766","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082252730","display_name":"A. P. Sakis Meliopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. P. Sakis Meliopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0497","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074866066","display_name":"Santiago Grijalva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8601-4662"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Santiago Grijalva","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8332,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72648005,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"1","first_page":"8","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/news-aggregator","display_name":"News aggregator","score":0.9099266529083252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5268917083740234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5149215459823608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5082087516784668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-programming","display_name":"Linear programming","score":0.45781320333480835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer-programming","display_name":"Integer programming","score":0.4303011894226074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.421310693025589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.4126545190811157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.28923875093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.26579749584198}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180505990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q498267","display_name":"News aggregator","level":2,"score":0.9099266529083252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5268917083740234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5149215459823608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5082087516784668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41045048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202843","display_name":"Linear programming","level":2,"score":0.45781320333480835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56086750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6042592","display_name":"Integer programming","level":2,"score":0.4303011894226074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.421310693025589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.4126545190811157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.28923875093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26579749584198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2021.3101235","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2021.3101235","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8799999952316284}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987939811","https://openalex.org/W1999871615","https://openalex.org/W2030186864","https://openalex.org/W2033225140","https://openalex.org/W2035955605","https://openalex.org/W2037771595","https://openalex.org/W2039856804","https://openalex.org/W2059440143","https://openalex.org/W2072307861","https://openalex.org/W2092050925","https://openalex.org/W2131803089","https://openalex.org/W2147124721","https://openalex.org/W2151795203","https://openalex.org/W2158874658","https://openalex.org/W2305415516","https://openalex.org/W2526471659","https://openalex.org/W2530360123","https://openalex.org/W2539869707","https://openalex.org/W2582094143","https://openalex.org/W2593112359","https://openalex.org/W2737628516","https://openalex.org/W2778986275","https://openalex.org/W2783163022","https://openalex.org/W2786344150","https://openalex.org/W2787084936","https://openalex.org/W2885669798","https://openalex.org/W2897821555","https://openalex.org/W2902742577","https://openalex.org/W2945285958","https://openalex.org/W2947666304","https://openalex.org/W2951874368","https://openalex.org/W3003508271","https://openalex.org/W3004284864","https://openalex.org/W3104894936","https://openalex.org/W4242209908"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2380963126","https://openalex.org/W2160425906","https://openalex.org/W1498845059","https://openalex.org/W1596201972","https://openalex.org/W2367503426","https://openalex.org/W1647989977","https://openalex.org/W2385207382","https://openalex.org/W1544908136","https://openalex.org/W1486948142","https://openalex.org/W29007683"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,78,140],"propose":[1,80],"a":[2,60,81,103,117],"multi-case,":[3],"multi-period":[4],"AC":[5],"model":[6,26],"to":[7,36,45,152],"coordinate":[8],"the":[9,28,34,38,46,50,85,122,142,146,154,162,165,177,180,183,187,194,199],"procurement":[10],"of":[11,17,30,52,62,74,110,179,193],"grid":[12,48],"services":[13,44,63],"from":[14],"an":[15,125],"aggregation":[16],"connected":[18],"distributed":[19],"energy":[20],"resources":[21,32],"and":[22,42,67,128,164,182,190,197],"microgrids.":[23],"The":[24,55,98,113],"proposed":[25],"aggregates":[27],"capabilities":[29],"all":[31],"in":[33],"system":[35,156],"manage":[37],"network\u2019s":[39],"power":[40,47,69,189],"flow":[41],"provide":[43],"at":[49],"point":[51],"common":[53],"coupling.":[54],"modeling":[56],"approach":[57],"enables":[58],"incorporating":[59],"number":[61],"(e.g.,":[64],"reserve,":[65],"regulation,":[66],"reactive":[68],"capacity)":[70],"with":[71,102,145,157],"simple":[72],"addition":[73],"service":[75,191,203],"defining":[76],"equations.":[77],"also":[79,115],"solution":[82],"methodology":[83],"for":[84],"resultant":[86],"mixed-integer":[87],"quadratically-constrained":[88],"programming":[89,96],"(MICQP)":[90],"problem":[91,123,127],"based":[92],"on":[93],"successive":[94],"linear":[95],"(SLP).":[97],"SLP":[99,143],"is":[100],"augmented":[101],"fix-binary":[104],"algorithm":[105,151],"that":[106,120],"promises":[107],"efficient":[108],"handling":[109],"discrete":[111],"variables.":[112],"paper":[114],"provides":[116],"decentralized":[118,184],"formulation":[119],"decomposes":[121],"into":[124],"aggregator":[126,163],"multiple":[129],"small":[130],"<inline-formula":[131,166],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[132,167],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[133,168],"<tex-math":[134,169],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\mu":[135,170],"$":[136,171],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[137,172],"Gs\u2019":[138],"problems.":[139],"integrate":[141],"method":[144],"analytical":[147],"target":[148],"cascading":[149],"(ATC)":[150],"optimize":[153],"overall":[155],"minimal":[158],"shared":[159],"information":[160],"between":[161],"Gs.":[173],"Case":[174],"studies":[175],"analyze":[176],"convergence":[178],"centralized":[181],"approaches,":[185],"present":[186],"optimal":[188],"schedules":[192],"tested":[195],"system,":[196],"study":[198],"network":[200],"conditions":[201],"under":[202],"calls.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
