{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134231608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2021.3062391","title":"An Adaptive Virtual Impedance Control for Improving Power Sharing Among Inverters in Islanded AC Microgrids","display_name":"An Adaptive Virtual Impedance Control for Improving Power Sharing Among Inverters in Islanded AC Microgrids","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134231608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2021.3062391","mag":"3134231608"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2021.3062391","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2021.3062391","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066927754","display_name":"A. S. Vijay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8234-1447"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162827531","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay","ror":"https://ror.org/02qyf5152","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. S. Vijay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India","Department of Energy Science and Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Energy Science and Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067155056","display_name":"N. Parth","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162827531","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay","ror":"https://ror.org/02qyf5152","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Parth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India","Department of Energy Science and Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Energy Science and Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080551568","display_name":"Suryanarayana Doolla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4070-7978"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162827531","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay","ror":"https://ror.org/02qyf5152","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suryanarayana Doolla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India","Department of Energy Science and Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4070-7978","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Energy Science and Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046839116","display_name":"Mukul C. Chandorkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5165-9601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162827531","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay","ror":"https://ror.org/02qyf5152","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mukul C. Chandorkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India","Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Mumbai, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Mumbai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162827531"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.2763,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":152,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99251619,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"4","first_page":"2991","last_page":"3003"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13183","display_name":"Islanding Detection in Power Systems","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-droop","display_name":"Voltage droop","score":0.8569546341896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5759506821632385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.5741443634033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ac-power","display_name":"AC power","score":0.5721707344055176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.5202535390853882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microgrid","display_name":"Microgrid","score":0.5131133794784546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.4494931697845459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-generation","display_name":"Distributed generation","score":0.4367269277572632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.436673641204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43260592222213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.42915087938308716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4279490113258362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.3434821665287018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.2959308624267578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-source","display_name":"Voltage source","score":0.20211046934127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.16386011242866516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.1432422399520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.13949468731880188}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40760162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10920295","display_name":"Voltage droop","level":4,"score":0.8569546341896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5759506821632385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.5741443634033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108755667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930258","display_name":"AC power","level":3,"score":0.5721707344055176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.5202535390853882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776784348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5762595","display_name":"Microgrid","level":3,"score":0.5131133794784546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.4494931697845459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.4367269277572632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.436673641204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43260592222213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.42915087938308716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4279490113258362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3434821665287018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.2959308624267578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144655898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161128","display_name":"Voltage source","level":3,"score":0.20211046934127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.16386011242866516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.1432422399520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.13949468731880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2021.3062391","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2021.3062391","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8100000023841858}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4266217366","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"16DST050","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334771","funder_display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Board"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334771","display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","ror":"https://ror.org/03ffdsr55"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1129349322","https://openalex.org/W1978356399","https://openalex.org/W1994959046","https://openalex.org/W1995827237","https://openalex.org/W2004686258","https://openalex.org/W2024559217","https://openalex.org/W2026923967","https://openalex.org/W2079746763","https://openalex.org/W2139033201","https://openalex.org/W2151903076","https://openalex.org/W2167266213","https://openalex.org/W2279800976","https://openalex.org/W2344704371","https://openalex.org/W2550476056","https://openalex.org/W2750757995","https://openalex.org/W2764030180","https://openalex.org/W2769439953","https://openalex.org/W2772777326","https://openalex.org/W2790526280","https://openalex.org/W2792585262","https://openalex.org/W2793191018","https://openalex.org/W2797197387","https://openalex.org/W2802279511","https://openalex.org/W2805828139","https://openalex.org/W2814341669","https://openalex.org/W2890452937","https://openalex.org/W2897337395","https://openalex.org/W2924169080","https://openalex.org/W3005335899","https://openalex.org/W3005948297","https://openalex.org/W3013277027","https://openalex.org/W3013889540","https://openalex.org/W3045552950","https://openalex.org/W3091928048","https://openalex.org/W3097464306","https://openalex.org/W3097893813","https://openalex.org/W3108419558","https://openalex.org/W3134231608","https://openalex.org/W3174760458","https://openalex.org/W6785273680"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2349700491","https://openalex.org/W3132792237","https://openalex.org/W3132497606","https://openalex.org/W4210526872","https://openalex.org/W2168694011","https://openalex.org/W2902030441","https://openalex.org/W2996701762","https://openalex.org/W3134658563","https://openalex.org/W2355150740","https://openalex.org/W1570369983"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Several":[0],"drawbacks":[1],"of":[2,26,76,95,106,124],"the":[3,20,27,31,38,45,49,55,70,74,77,89,93,104,174],"conventional":[4,39],"and":[5,41,131,137,140,147,163],"inverse":[6,46],"droop":[7,40],"control":[8],"based":[9,98],"decentralized":[10,85],"techniques":[11],"for":[12,87,120,156],"islanded":[13],"microgrids":[14],"are":[15],"being":[16],"addressed":[17],"actively,":[18],"over":[19],"years":[21],"by":[22],"various":[23],"researchers.":[24],"One":[25],"prominent":[28],"issues":[29],"is":[30,61,72,116,159,177],"inaccurate":[32],"power":[33,36,43,130,170],"sharing":[34,171],"(reactive":[35],"in":[37,44,73,92,142],"real":[42],"droop)":[47],"among":[48],"distributed":[50],"generators":[51],"(DGs)":[52],"due":[53],"to":[54,65],"feeder/line":[56],"impedances.":[57],"Virtual":[58],"impedance":[59,67,91],"(VI)":[60],"a":[62,96,121,182],"popular":[63],"technique":[64,86],"overcome":[66],"mismatches":[68],"but":[69],"challenge":[71],"setting":[75],"appropriate":[78],"value.":[79],"This":[80],"paper":[81],"presents":[82],"an":[83],"adaptive":[84],"adjusting":[88],"virtual":[90],"controller":[94],"DG,":[97],"on":[99,181],"its":[100],"output":[101],"current,":[102],"without":[103],"need":[105],"communication,":[107],"extra":[108],"sensors":[109],"or":[110],"network":[111],"parameter/load":[112],"estimations.":[113],"The":[114,154],"methodology":[115],"tested":[117],"through":[118,161,179],"simulations":[119],"wide":[122],"variety":[123],"cases":[125],"including":[126],"unbalanced,":[127],"harmonic,":[128],"constant":[129],"induction":[132],"motor":[133],"loads,":[134],"DG":[135],"plug":[136],"play":[138],"functionality":[139],"performance":[141],"larger":[143],"networks":[144],"(modified":[145],"13":[146],"33":[148],"bus":[149],"systems)":[150],"under":[151],"meshed":[152],"configurations.":[153],"range":[155],"parameter":[157],"stability":[158],"verified":[160],"modelling":[162],"small":[164],"signal":[165],"eigenvalue":[166],"analyses.":[167],"Further,":[168],"improved":[169],"performances":[172],"using":[173],"proposed":[175],"scheme":[176],"validated":[178],"implementation":[180],"laboratory":[183],"experimental":[184],"setup.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
