{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3131885290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2021.3060074","title":"A Two-Layer Control Scheme Based on <i>P</i> \u2013 <i>V</i> Droop Characteristic for Accurate Power Sharing and Voltage Regulation in DC Microgrids","display_name":"A Two-Layer Control Scheme Based on <i>P</i> \u2013 <i>V</i> Droop Characteristic for Accurate Power Sharing and Voltage Regulation in DC Microgrids","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3131885290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2021.3060074","mag":"3131885290"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2021.3060074","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2021.3060074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://portal.findresearcher.sdu.dk/da/publications/e692ced0-51b2-4930-9ee5-8af5c68d0f64","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042625452","display_name":"Mehdi Baharizadeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-3852"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799282979","display_name":"Islamic Azad University, Isfahan","ror":"https://ror.org/039zhhm92","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I2799282979"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mehdi Baharizadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799282979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061476886","display_name":"Mohammad S. Golsorkhi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0408-729X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170013655","display_name":"Isfahan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00af3sa43","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170013655"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad S. Golsorkhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170013655"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023457481","display_name":"Mahdi Shahparasti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4301-5216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177969490","display_name":"University of Southern Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/03yrrjy16","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177969490"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahdi Shahparasti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Electrical Engineering Section, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Electrical Engineering Section, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177969490"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004326031","display_name":"Mehdi Savaghebi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6188-0265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177969490","display_name":"University of Southern Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/03yrrjy16","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177969490"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehdi Savaghebi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Electrical Engineering Section, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Electrical Engineering Section, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177969490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042625452"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799282979"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5943,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93017148,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"4","first_page":"2776","last_page":"2787"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13183","display_name":"Islanding Detection in Power Systems","score":0.9781000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9750000238418579,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-droop","display_name":"Voltage droop","score":0.9445855617523193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.6222513318061829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-regulation","display_name":"Voltage regulation","score":0.584376335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5627132654190063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5185709595680237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.4941389858722687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-control","display_name":"Power control","score":0.49313777685165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ac-power","display_name":"AC power","score":0.4884006381034851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-sharing","display_name":"Power sharing","score":0.4464341402053833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4422803223133087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.43240368366241455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.4316455125808716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-regulator","display_name":"Voltage regulator","score":0.42503809928894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.41182589530944824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3625410795211792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.32642805576324463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.25336045026779175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22821864485740662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.1715591549873352}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40760162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10920295","display_name":"Voltage droop","level":4,"score":0.9445855617523193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6222513318061829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196226539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7940752","display_name":"Voltage regulation","level":3,"score":0.584376335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5627132654190063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5185709595680237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4941389858722687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56685638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2300474","display_name":"Power control","level":3,"score":0.49313777685165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108755667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930258","display_name":"AC power","level":3,"score":0.4884006381034851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986297989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107969678","display_name":"Power sharing","level":3,"score":0.4464341402053833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4422803223133087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.43240368366241455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.4316455125808716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110706871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851210","display_name":"Voltage regulator","level":3,"score":0.42503809928894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.41182589530944824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3625410795211792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.32642805576324463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.25336045026779175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22821864485740662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.1715591549873352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2021.3060074","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2021.3060074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:sdu.dk:openaire/e692ced0-51b2-4930-9ee5-8af5c68d0f64","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://portal.findresearcher.sdu.dk/da/publications/e692ced0-51b2-4930-9ee5-8af5c68d0f64","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400423","display_name":"University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177969490","host_organization_name":"University of Southern Denmark","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177969490"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Baharizadeh, M, Golsorkhi, M S, Shahparasti, M & Savaghebi, M 2021, 'A Two-layer Control Scheme Based on P-V Droop Characteristic for Accurate Power Sharing and Voltage Regulation in DC Microgrids', IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 2776-2787. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2021.3060074","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:sdu.dk:openaire/e692ced0-51b2-4930-9ee5-8af5c68d0f64","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://portal.findresearcher.sdu.dk/da/publications/e692ced0-51b2-4930-9ee5-8af5c68d0f64","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400423","display_name":"University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177969490","host_organization_name":"University of Southern Denmark","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177969490"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Baharizadeh, M, Golsorkhi, M S, Shahparasti, M & Savaghebi, M 2021, 'A Two-layer Control Scheme Based on P-V Droop Characteristic for Accurate Power Sharing and Voltage Regulation in DC Microgrids', IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 2776-2787. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2021.3060074","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8700000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502540576","https://openalex.org/W1504052325","https://openalex.org/W1978592021","https://openalex.org/W1994440383","https://openalex.org/W1999912594","https://openalex.org/W2008282185","https://openalex.org/W2054493301","https://openalex.org/W2067743683","https://openalex.org/W2084943452","https://openalex.org/W2091922572","https://openalex.org/W2094526072","https://openalex.org/W2096981867","https://openalex.org/W2100945405","https://openalex.org/W2127086830","https://openalex.org/W2127839286","https://openalex.org/W2153432248","https://openalex.org/W2232335510","https://openalex.org/W2296221482","https://openalex.org/W2325951810","https://openalex.org/W2519333696","https://openalex.org/W2567349745","https://openalex.org/W2610315712","https://openalex.org/W2751324973","https://openalex.org/W2758032675","https://openalex.org/W2771010754","https://openalex.org/W2778736986","https://openalex.org/W2883984208","https://openalex.org/W2921715128","https://openalex.org/W2945339014","https://openalex.org/W2945417497","https://openalex.org/W2979746037","https://openalex.org/W2991064874","https://openalex.org/W6731638876"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2549915894","https://openalex.org/W2956589752","https://openalex.org/W4255770373","https://openalex.org/W4206032353","https://openalex.org/W2382804880","https://openalex.org/W2379548982","https://openalex.org/W4410457922","https://openalex.org/W2076074049","https://openalex.org/W2037194188","https://openalex.org/W2377145507"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,98,121],"increasing":[1],"penetration":[2],"of":[3,16,61,139,149,157],"dc":[4,10,17,39],"distributed":[5],"energy":[6],"resources":[7],"(DERs)":[8],"and":[9,34,161],"loads":[11],"has":[12],"motivated":[13],"the":[14,46,59,70,75,90,104,115,140,147,150,155,158,165],"utilization":[15],"microgrids":[18],"(MGs).":[19],"In":[20,45],"this":[21],"paper,":[22],"a":[23,50,79,82,131],"new":[24],"two-level":[25],"control":[26,48,92,100,112,123],"scheme":[27,142],"is":[28,55,87,125,143],"proposed":[29,56,141,159],"for":[30],"accurate":[31],"power":[32,62],"sharing":[33,63],"appropriate":[35],"voltage":[36,76,83,96,105,111,117],"regulation":[37],"in":[38,89,170],"MGs":[40],"during":[41],"islanded":[42],"operation":[43],"mode.":[44],"primary":[47],"level,":[49],"P-\u00b7":[51,71],"V":[52,72],"droop":[53,73],"method":[54,160],"to":[57,78,94,127],"eliminate":[58],"dependency":[60],"among":[64],"DERs":[65],"on":[66],"line":[67],"resistances.":[68],"Since":[69],"deviates":[74],"derivative":[77,84,118],"nonzero":[80],"value,":[81],"restoration":[85,119],"mechanism":[86],"adopted":[88],"secondary":[91,99,122],"level":[93,101],"provide":[95],"stability.":[97],"also":[102],"compensates":[103],"deviations":[106],"by":[107,145],"cascading":[108],"an":[109],"outer":[110],"loop":[113],"with":[114,164],"inner":[116],"loop.":[120],"signal":[124,137],"broadcasted":[126],"each":[128],"DER":[129],"via":[130],"unidirectional":[132],"low-bandwidth":[133],"communication":[134],"link.":[135],"Small":[136],"stability":[138],"analyzed":[144],"studying":[146],"locus":[148],"system":[151],"eigenvalues.":[152],"To":[153],"verify":[154],"efficacy":[156],"compare":[162],"it":[163],"conventional":[166],"scheme,":[167],"real-time":[168],"simulations":[169],"OPAL-RT":[171],"lab":[172],"setup":[173],"are":[174],"provided.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-28T08:17:26.163206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}