{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3125384231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2021.3053092","title":"Distributed Predictive Control Strategy for Frequency Restoration of Microgrids Considering Optimal Dispatch","display_name":"Distributed Predictive Control Strategy for Frequency Restoration of Microgrids Considering Optimal Dispatch","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3125384231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2021.3053092","mag":"3125384231"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2021.3053092","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2021.3053092","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/5693254","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058571584","display_name":"Alex Navas-Fonseca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1393-8412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69737025","display_name":"University of Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alex Navas F.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018482115","display_name":"Juan S. G\u00f3mez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-1462"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162148367","display_name":"Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/04teye511","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162148367"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan S. Gomez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Santiago, Chile"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Santiago, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162148367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017591296","display_name":"Jacqueline Llanos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6708-3897"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118946981","display_name":"Escuela Polit\u00e9cnica del Ej\u00e9rcito","ror":"https://ror.org/05j136930","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118946981"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacqueline Llanos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de El\u00e9ctrica, Electr\u00f3nica y Telecomunicaciones, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolqu\u00ed, Ecuador"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de El\u00e9ctrica, Electr\u00f3nica y Telecomunicaciones, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolqu\u00ed, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118946981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011750783","display_name":"Erwin Rute","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69737025","display_name":"University of Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erwin Rute","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057542669","display_name":"Doris S\u00e1ez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8029-9871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69737025","display_name":"University of Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148528","display_name":"Complex Engineering System Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04wnc7270","country_code":"CL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148528"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Doris Saez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile","Instituto Sistemas Complejos de Ingenier\u00eda, Santiago, Chile"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Sistemas Complejos de Ingenier\u00eda, Santiago, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148528"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038566414","display_name":"Mark Sumner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2536-6298"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Sumner","raw_affiliation_strings":["PEMC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PEMC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058571584"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2573,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94527861,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"4","first_page":"2748","last_page":"2759"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12277","display_name":"Frequency Control in Power Systems","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microgrid","display_name":"Microgrid","score":0.9027315378189087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-dispatch","display_name":"Economic dispatch","score":0.8537654280662537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.5784521102905273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-generation","display_name":"Distributed generation","score":0.5218350291252136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-frequency-control","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","score":0.5040034651756287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4778537452220917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.477827787399292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.4762692153453827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.4617163836956024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4594465494155884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-predictive-control","display_name":"Model predictive control","score":0.44965246319770813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.44844985008239746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.41206544637680054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.3645027279853821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.31464481353759766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08291852474212646}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776784348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5762595","display_name":"Microgrid","level":3,"score":0.9027315378189087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187633118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1317949","display_name":"Economic dispatch","level":4,"score":0.8537654280662537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.5784521102905273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.5218350291252136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25915539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220786","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","level":2,"score":0.5040034651756287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4778537452220917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.477827787399292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.4762692153453827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.4617163836956024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4594465494155884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172205157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1782962","display_name":"Model predictive control","level":3,"score":0.44965246319770813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.44844985008239746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.41206544637680054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.3645027279853821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.31464481353759766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08291852474212646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2021.3053092","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2021.3053092","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:nottingham-repository.worktribe.com:5693254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/5693254","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402483","display_name":"Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","host_organization_name":"University of Nottingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"acceptedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:nottingham-repository.worktribe.com:5693254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/5693254","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402483","display_name":"Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","host_organization_name":"University of Nottingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"acceptedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5400000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2833284590","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1170683","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338073","funder_display_name":"Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cient\u00edfico y Tecnol\u00f3gico"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3809483080","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SENESCYT/ARSEQBEC-0058482018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322526","funder_display_name":"Secretar\u00eda de Educaci\u00f3n Superior, Ciencia, Tecnolog\u00eda e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4086055161","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ANID PIA/BASAL AFB180003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327624","funder_display_name":"Instituto de Sistemas Complejos de Ingenier\u00eda"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322526","display_name":"Secretar\u00eda de Educaci\u00f3n Superior, Ciencia, Tecnolog\u00eda e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/056c6e777"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327624","display_name":"Instituto de Sistemas Complejos de Ingenier\u00eda","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338073","display_name":"Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cient\u00edfico y Tecnol\u00f3gico","ror":"https://ror.org/02ap3w078"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504052325","https://openalex.org/W1598618250","https://openalex.org/W1665876831","https://openalex.org/W1763243278","https://openalex.org/W1970786657","https://openalex.org/W1974729410","https://openalex.org/W1980187301","https://openalex.org/W2001965107","https://openalex.org/W2043344820","https://openalex.org/W2066265567","https://openalex.org/W2095411820","https://openalex.org/W2161908751","https://openalex.org/W2170063465","https://openalex.org/W2208014217","https://openalex.org/W2212654072","https://openalex.org/W2296319761","https://openalex.org/W2536374711","https://openalex.org/W2614482309","https://openalex.org/W2741433550","https://openalex.org/W2762321225","https://openalex.org/W2778736986","https://openalex.org/W2779918124","https://openalex.org/W2781826456","https://openalex.org/W2801613040","https://openalex.org/W2888959878","https://openalex.org/W2894885106","https://openalex.org/W2919580381","https://openalex.org/W2930946090","https://openalex.org/W2950789589","https://openalex.org/W2967586763","https://openalex.org/W2972856971","https://openalex.org/W2979745599","https://openalex.org/W3101412365","https://openalex.org/W3105789652","https://openalex.org/W4250589301"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2355150740","https://openalex.org/W1570369983","https://openalex.org/W2051053503","https://openalex.org/W2906602677","https://openalex.org/W3112588909","https://openalex.org/W1993958856","https://openalex.org/W2076021085","https://openalex.org/W2061539888","https://openalex.org/W3006223230","https://openalex.org/W2424479016"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Microgrids":[0],"are":[1,17,125],"the":[2,47,51,57,65,80,93,100,111,131,142,146],"cornerstone":[3],"for":[4,79],"a":[5,20,31,73,87],"new":[6],"model":[7,75],"of":[8,68,82,110,145],"electrical":[9],"generation":[10,123],"based":[11,85],"on":[12,86],"renewable":[13],"resources.":[14],"Commonly":[15],"microgrids":[16,84],"controlled":[18],"with":[19],"centralised":[21],"hierarchical":[22],"structure,":[23],"which":[24],"is":[25,133,148],"inherited":[26],"from":[27,121],"power":[28],"systems.":[29],"However,":[30],"time-scale":[32],"separation":[33],"between":[34],"traditional":[35],"fast":[36],"frequency":[37,97],"restoration":[38,98],"and":[39,96,118,138],"slow":[40,52],"economic":[41,54,94],"dispatch":[42,55,95],"may":[43],"be":[44],"counterproductive":[45],"in":[46],"long":[48],"run":[49],"because":[50],"long-term":[53],"increases":[56],"prediction":[58],"uncertainty.":[59],"In":[60],"an":[61],"effort":[62],"to":[63,135],"improve":[64],"economical":[66],"operation":[67,81],"microgrids,":[69],"this":[70],"work":[71],"proposes":[72],"distributed":[74],"predictive":[76],"control":[77],"strategy":[78,89],"isolated":[83],"consensus":[88],"that":[90,130],"tackles":[91],"both":[92],"over":[99],"same":[101],"time-scale.":[102],"The":[103],"proposed":[104],"controller":[105,132],"can":[106],"operate":[107],"without":[108],"knowledge":[109],"microgrid's":[112],"topology:":[113],"instead,":[114],"typical":[115],"local":[116],"measurements":[117],"other":[119],"information":[120],"neighboring":[122],"units":[124],"required.":[126],"Experimental":[127],"results":[128],"demonstrate":[129],"robust":[134],"load":[136],"variations":[137],"communication":[139],"issues,":[140],"but":[141],"plug-and-play":[143],"nature":[144],"system":[147],"preserved.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
