{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3014832505","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2020.2984486","title":"A Novel Extended Impedance-Power Droop for Accurate Active and Reactive Power Sharing in a Multi-Bus Microgrid With Complex Impedances","display_name":"A Novel Extended Impedance-Power Droop for Accurate Active and Reactive Power Sharing in a Multi-Bus Microgrid With Complex Impedances","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3014832505","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2020.2984486","mag":"3014832505"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2020.2984486","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2020.2984486","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03260243","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045626814","display_name":"Reza Razi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7150-1721"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23946033","display_name":"University of Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165697","display_name":"Laboratoire de G\u00e9nie \u00c9lectrique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05hyx5a17","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210095849","https://openalex.org/I4210165697","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR","IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reza Razi","raw_affiliation_strings":["G2Elab, CNRS, Grenoble INP, University of Grenoble, Grenoble, France","School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran","G2ELab  - Laboratoire de G\u00e9nie Electrique de Grenoble (B\u00e2timent GreEn-ER, 21 avenue des martyrs, CS 90624, 38031 Grenoble CEDEX 1 - France)","University of Tehran (16th Azar St., Enghelab Sq., Tehran - Iran)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7150-1721","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"G2Elab, CNRS, Grenoble INP, University of Grenoble, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"G2ELab  - Laboratoire de G\u00e9nie Electrique de Grenoble (B\u00e2timent GreEn-ER, 21 avenue des martyrs, CS 90624, 38031 Grenoble CEDEX 1 - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165697"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tehran (16th Azar St., Enghelab Sq., Tehran - Iran)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076124766","display_name":"Hossein Iman\u2010Eini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1118-2877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23946033","display_name":"University of Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hossein Iman-Eini","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran","University of Tehran (16th Azar St., Enghelab Sq., Tehran - Iran)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1118-2877","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tehran (16th Azar St., Enghelab Sq., Tehran - Iran)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073750393","display_name":"Mohsen Hamzeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6919-9706"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23946033","display_name":"University of Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohsen Hamzeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran","University of Tehran (16th Azar St., Enghelab Sq., Tehran - Iran)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6919-9706","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tehran (16th Azar St., Enghelab Sq., Tehran - Iran)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23946033"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038787953","display_name":"Seddik Bacha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1807-0309"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165697","display_name":"Laboratoire de G\u00e9nie \u00c9lectrique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05hyx5a17","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210095849","https://openalex.org/I4210165697","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seddik Bacha","raw_affiliation_strings":["G2Elab, CNRS, Grenoble INP, University of Grenoble, Grenoble, France","G2ELab  - Laboratoire de G\u00e9nie Electrique de Grenoble (B\u00e2timent GreEn-ER, 21 avenue des martyrs, CS 90624, 38031 Grenoble CEDEX 1 - France)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1807-0309","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"G2Elab, CNRS, Grenoble INP, University of Grenoble, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"G2ELab  - Laboratoire de G\u00e9nie Electrique de Grenoble (B\u00e2timent GreEn-ER, 21 avenue des martyrs, CS 90624, 38031 Grenoble CEDEX 1 - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165697"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8316,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90472445,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"5","first_page":"3795","last_page":"3804"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13183","display_name":"Islanding Detection in Power Systems","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-droop","display_name":"Voltage droop","score":0.9343513250350952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microgrid","display_name":"Microgrid","score":0.8528992533683777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.6758747100830078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ac-power","display_name":"AC power","score":0.6635079979896545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.6185876131057739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/output-impedance","display_name":"Output impedance","score":0.5773236155509949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductance","display_name":"Inductance","score":0.5648163557052612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.5010523796081543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.4817962050437927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4421412944793701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.44056373834609985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.37024030089378357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.2670315206050873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2147756814956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-source","display_name":"Voltage source","score":0.19105985760688782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.09174633026123047}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40760162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10920295","display_name":"Voltage droop","level":4,"score":0.9343513250350952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776784348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5762595","display_name":"Microgrid","level":3,"score":0.8528992533683777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6758747100830078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108755667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930258","display_name":"AC power","level":3,"score":0.6635079979896545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.6185876131057739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58112919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631203","display_name":"Output impedance","level":3,"score":0.5773236155509949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29210110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177897","display_name":"Inductance","level":3,"score":0.5648163557052612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.5010523796081543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.4817962050437927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4421412944793701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.44056373834609985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37024030089378357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.2670315206050873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2147756814956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144655898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161128","display_name":"Voltage source","level":3,"score":0.19105985760688782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.09174633026123047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2020.2984486","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2020.2984486","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03260243v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03260243","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2020, 11 (5), pp.3795--3804. &#x27E8;10.1109/TSG.2020.2984486&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03260243v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03260243","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2020, 11 (5), pp.3795--3804. &#x27E8;10.1109/TSG.2020.2984486&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7099999785423279,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1593417679","https://openalex.org/W1978592021","https://openalex.org/W2004686258","https://openalex.org/W2011047886","https://openalex.org/W2025143619","https://openalex.org/W2084154781","https://openalex.org/W2095411820","https://openalex.org/W2162535598","https://openalex.org/W2176744881","https://openalex.org/W2344107580","https://openalex.org/W2344704371","https://openalex.org/W2501615791","https://openalex.org/W2521666756","https://openalex.org/W2522397325","https://openalex.org/W2550476056","https://openalex.org/W2582184413","https://openalex.org/W2591791737","https://openalex.org/W2613078908","https://openalex.org/W2764030180","https://openalex.org/W2768160150","https://openalex.org/W2784711408","https://openalex.org/W2800933914","https://openalex.org/W2901263778","https://openalex.org/W2943408654","https://openalex.org/W2954253451"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3132792237","https://openalex.org/W2349700491","https://openalex.org/W2168694011","https://openalex.org/W3132497606","https://openalex.org/W4210526872","https://openalex.org/W2902030441","https://openalex.org/W2973159757","https://openalex.org/W2895708895","https://openalex.org/W2377871876","https://openalex.org/W2391659095"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"addresses":[2],"a":[3,20],"novel":[4],"and":[5,46,56,84,99,139],"flexible":[6],"control":[7,133],"algorithm":[8,63,78],"based":[9,111],"on":[10,112],"complex":[11,24],"virtual":[12,73],"impedance":[13,25],"for":[14],"improvement":[15],"of":[16,26,48,96,105,116,122,130],"power":[17,115],"sharing":[18],"in":[19],"multi-bus":[21],"microgrid":[22,97],"with":[23],"lines.":[27],"In":[28],"the":[29,33,72,89,106,113,119,123,128,131],"proposed":[30,77,107,132],"method,":[31],"first,":[32],"Extended":[34],"Impedance-Power":[35,68],"droop":[36,42,69],"equations":[37],"are":[38,52,109],"derived.":[39],"Using":[40],"nonlinear":[41],"equations,":[43],"equivalent":[44],"resistance":[45],"inductance":[47],"each":[49],"DG":[50],"unit":[51],"obtained":[53],"by":[54],"active":[55,83],"reactive":[57,85],"power,":[58,86],"separately.":[59],"Then,":[60],"an":[61],"appropriate":[62],"is":[64,91,125,135],"employed":[65],"to":[66,70],"implement":[67],"manage":[71],"impedances":[74],"adaptively.":[75],"The":[76,103],"can":[79],"optimally":[80],"share":[81],"both":[82],"even":[87],"when":[88],"structure":[90],"changed":[92],"without":[93],"any":[94],"knowledge":[95],"parameters":[98,104],"high-bandwidth":[100],"communication":[101],"links.":[102],"controller":[108],"designed":[110],"nominal":[114],"inverters.":[117],"Moreover,":[118],"stability":[120],"margin":[121],"system":[124],"analyzed.":[126],"Finally,":[127],"feasibility":[129],"scheme":[134],"confirmed":[136],"via":[137],"simulations":[138],"experiments.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
