{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2916713776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2019.2900724","title":"Thermostatic Load Control for System Frequency Regulation Considering Daily Demand Profile and Progressive Recovery","display_name":"Thermostatic Load Control for System Frequency Regulation Considering Daily Demand Profile and Progressive Recovery","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2916713776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2019.2900724","mag":"2916713776"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2019.2900724","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2019.2900724","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062562607","display_name":"Qingxin Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0178-3903"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093000","display_name":"Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute North America","ror":"https://ror.org/00efwap41","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442","https://openalex.org/I4210093000"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qingxin Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute North America, San Jose, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute North America, San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093000"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076167872","display_name":"Fangxing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1060-7618"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fangxing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112418775","display_name":"Guangxi Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093000","display_name":"Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute North America","ror":"https://ror.org/00efwap41","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442","https://openalex.org/I4210093000"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangxi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute North America, San Jose, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute North America, San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093000"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055845984","display_name":"Di Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1469-7887"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093000","display_name":"Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute North America","ror":"https://ror.org/00efwap41","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442","https://openalex.org/I4210093000"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Di Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute North America, San Jose, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute North America, San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093000"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070250835","display_name":"Zhehan Yi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4866-7499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093000","display_name":"Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute North America","ror":"https://ror.org/00efwap41","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442","https://openalex.org/I4210093000"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhehan Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute North America, San Jose, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute North America, San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093000"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100449967","display_name":"Zhiwei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9028-7476"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093000","display_name":"Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute North America","ror":"https://ror.org/00efwap41","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442","https://openalex.org/I4210093000"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiwei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute North America, San Jose, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute North America, San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093000"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062562607"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093000"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.635,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":92,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97335549,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"6","first_page":"6259","last_page":"6270"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11052","display_name":"Energy Load and Power Forecasting","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-frequency-control","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","score":0.6718745827674866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-conditioning","display_name":"Air conditioning","score":0.6007646322250366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-regulation","display_name":"Load regulation","score":0.5818755626678467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-regulation","display_name":"Frequency regulation","score":0.5501169562339783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.5179606676101685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.4789624512195587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-response","display_name":"Demand response","score":0.47845458984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.47541528940200806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4660096764564514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.392103374004364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.38811400532722473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.37911099195480347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35762909054756165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.19871070981025696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.182167649269104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1753070056438446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.10262814164161682}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25915539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220786","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","level":2,"score":0.6718745827674866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103742991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173725","display_name":"Air conditioning","level":2,"score":0.6007646322250366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776098794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6663315","display_name":"Load regulation","level":3,"score":0.5818755626678467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983304839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1747997","display_name":"Frequency regulation","level":4,"score":0.5501169562339783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.5179606676101685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.4789624512195587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779438525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255048","display_name":"Demand response","level":3,"score":0.47845458984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.47541528940200806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4660096764564514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.392103374004364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.38811400532722473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.37911099195480347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35762909054756165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.19871070981025696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.182167649269104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1753070056438446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.10262814164161682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2019.2900724","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2019.2900724","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8899999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1875907199","https://openalex.org/W1974230590","https://openalex.org/W1993362534","https://openalex.org/W1999913837","https://openalex.org/W2005585337","https://openalex.org/W2079115034","https://openalex.org/W2090227290","https://openalex.org/W2090689673","https://openalex.org/W2105653794","https://openalex.org/W2114196548","https://openalex.org/W2122032342","https://openalex.org/W2130222651","https://openalex.org/W2140405303","https://openalex.org/W2158706071","https://openalex.org/W2164961065","https://openalex.org/W2184468295","https://openalex.org/W2211350174","https://openalex.org/W2262565941","https://openalex.org/W2286754961","https://openalex.org/W2291668541","https://openalex.org/W2312066854","https://openalex.org/W2343892326","https://openalex.org/W2465923267","https://openalex.org/W2507873299","https://openalex.org/W2515863312","https://openalex.org/W2546397091","https://openalex.org/W2556407450","https://openalex.org/W2618664116","https://openalex.org/W2626480247","https://openalex.org/W2748190103","https://openalex.org/W2749309504","https://openalex.org/W2753583321","https://openalex.org/W2765822359","https://openalex.org/W2799356587","https://openalex.org/W2802839291","https://openalex.org/W2808297843","https://openalex.org/W2809047367","https://openalex.org/W2811148366","https://openalex.org/W2883538961","https://openalex.org/W2884401877","https://openalex.org/W2914600616","https://openalex.org/W2945468626","https://openalex.org/W6686279822"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2902950381","https://openalex.org/W3004107938","https://openalex.org/W2968637575","https://openalex.org/W1989830171","https://openalex.org/W1631612719","https://openalex.org/W2808255284","https://openalex.org/W126410985","https://openalex.org/W2051686332","https://openalex.org/W2096066633","https://openalex.org/W2086617812"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large-scale":[0],"wind":[1],"and":[2,15,67,76,79,98,121],"solar":[3],"power":[4,129],"integration":[5],"are":[6,93],"likely":[7],"to":[8],"cause":[9],"a":[10,39,60,101,144,154,161],"short-term":[11],"mismatch":[12],"between":[13],"generation":[14],"load":[16,44,62,109],"demand":[17,85],"because":[18],"of":[19,23,41,147,153,160,177],"the":[20,24,42,96,107,115,133,151,158,167,174],"intermittent":[21],"nature":[22],"renewables.":[25],"System":[26],"frequency":[27,49,69,104,155],"is":[28,111,125,164,171],"therefore":[29],"challenged.":[30],"In":[31],"recent":[32],"years,":[33],"it":[34],"has":[35],"been":[36],"proposed":[37,126,139,168],"that":[38,89],"part":[40],"residential":[43],"can":[45,99,142],"be":[46],"controlled":[47],"for":[48,65,127,150],"regulation":[50],"with":[51],"little":[52],"impact":[53],"on":[54,136],"customer":[55],"comfort.":[56],"This":[57],"paper":[58],"proposes":[59],"thermostatic":[61,148],"control":[63,116,140,169],"strategy":[64,141,170],"primary":[66],"secondary":[68],"regulation,":[70],"in":[71,95,114],"particular,":[72],"using":[73],"heating,":[74],"ventilation,":[75],"air-conditioning":[77],"units":[78],"electric":[80],"water":[81],"heaters.":[82],"First,":[83],"daily":[84],"profile":[86],"modeling":[87],"indicates":[88],"these":[90],"two":[91],"loads":[92,149],"complementary":[94],"daytime":[97],"provide":[100],"relatively":[102],"stable":[103],"reserve.":[105,156],"Second,":[106],"progressive":[108],"recovery":[110,123],"specifically":[112],"considered":[113],"scheme.":[117],"The":[118,138],"random":[119],"switching":[120,132],"cycle":[122],"method":[124],"mitigating":[128],"rebound":[130],"after":[131],"air":[134],"conditioners":[135],"again.":[137],"organize":[143],"large":[145],"population":[146],"provision":[152],"Consequently,":[157],"requirement":[159],"spinning":[162],"reserve":[163],"reduced.":[165],"Finally,":[166],"verified":[172],"by":[173],"dynamic":[175],"simulation":[176],"IEEE":[178],"RTS":[179],"24-bus":[180],"system.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T14:56:36.534964","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
