{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2908349283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2018.2890108","title":"Limitations in Energy Management Systems: A Case Study for Resilient Interconnected Microgrids","display_name":"Limitations in Energy Management Systems: A Case Study for Resilient Interconnected Microgrids","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2908349283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2018.2890108","mag":"2908349283"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2018.2890108","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2018.2890108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044868410","display_name":"Leong Kit Gan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3955-9306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Leong Kit Gan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051307852","display_name":"Akhtar Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4870-3365"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146429904","display_name":"Incheon National University","ror":"https://ror.org/02xf7p935","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146429904"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akhtar Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146429904"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009307212","display_name":"David A. Howey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0620-3955"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David A. Howey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053105990","display_name":"Hak\u2010Man Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4910-4172"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146429904","display_name":"Incheon National University","ror":"https://ror.org/02xf7p935","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146429904"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hak-Man Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146429904"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044868410"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4342,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89928573,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"5","first_page":"5675","last_page":"5685"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microgrid","display_name":"Microgrid","score":0.9777669906616211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/islanding","display_name":"Islanding","score":0.7798466682434082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.6635465621948242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.6229278445243835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.5651869773864746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5550294518470764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4967535138130188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-of-charge","display_name":"State of charge","score":0.49175551533699036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management","display_name":"Energy management","score":0.45308130979537964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4334338307380676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management-system","display_name":"Energy management system","score":0.42179417610168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.35334211587905884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-generation","display_name":"Distributed generation","score":0.3300889730453491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.24997881054878235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.17349442839622498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09075450897216797}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776784348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5762595","display_name":"Microgrid","level":3,"score":0.9777669906616211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778675665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1308552","display_name":"Islanding","level":4,"score":0.7798466682434082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.6635465621948242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.6229278445243835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.5651869773864746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5550294518470764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4967535138130188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776582896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5368536","display_name":"State of charge","level":4,"score":0.49175551533699036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.45308130979537964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4334338307380676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781260460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6139999","display_name":"Energy management system","level":4,"score":0.42179417610168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.35334211587905884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.3300889730453491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.24997881054878235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.17349442839622498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09075450897216797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2018.2890108","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2018.2890108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ora.ox.ac.uk:uuid:add6cad6-2a71-44dd-994e-783aa7f6d458","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:add6cad6-2a71-44dd-994e-783aa7f6d458","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402636","display_name":"Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symplectic Elements","raw_type":"Journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8899999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6806692064","display_name":"RHYTHM: Resilient Hybrid Technology for High-Value Microgrids","funder_award_id":"EP/N034570/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7990493580","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/N034570/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335199","display_name":"Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/02zq38y32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1197675768","https://openalex.org/W1502677500","https://openalex.org/W1565229770","https://openalex.org/W1969323923","https://openalex.org/W2005207495","https://openalex.org/W2023830880","https://openalex.org/W2042569829","https://openalex.org/W2072722812","https://openalex.org/W2227522135","https://openalex.org/W2289500935","https://openalex.org/W2327083828","https://openalex.org/W2507570009","https://openalex.org/W2546440174","https://openalex.org/W2561011698","https://openalex.org/W2586714814","https://openalex.org/W2588688775","https://openalex.org/W2591649872","https://openalex.org/W2606185087","https://openalex.org/W2610649106","https://openalex.org/W2613791018","https://openalex.org/W2743720138","https://openalex.org/W2744582251","https://openalex.org/W2747471785","https://openalex.org/W2751738383","https://openalex.org/W2758133498","https://openalex.org/W2794553166","https://openalex.org/W2804054074","https://openalex.org/W4206037775"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2724581629","https://openalex.org/W2333017163","https://openalex.org/W2964937504","https://openalex.org/W2169268775","https://openalex.org/W2749199243","https://openalex.org/W2142933425","https://openalex.org/W4366813529","https://openalex.org/W4220876800","https://openalex.org/W2347673489","https://openalex.org/W2371966636"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"explores":[2],"the":[3,43,51,61,77,91,99,102,118,122,126,137,143,162,164],"impact":[4],"of":[5,42,63,101,121,145,149],"energy":[6],"management":[7],"systems":[8],"(EMSs)":[9],"discrepancies":[10],"that":[11,60,76],"a":[12,56,84,88,131,146,155],"microgrid":[13,53,85,103],"may":[14,104,134,166],"experience":[15],"due":[16],"to":[17,29,115,128],"different":[18],"time":[19],"horizon":[20],"and":[21,39,45,93,159],"implementation":[22],"environment":[23],"in":[24,83,113],"higher-level":[25],"EMS":[26],"as":[27,55],"compared":[28],"lower":[30,119],"level":[31],"control":[32],"frameworks.":[33],"These":[34],"include":[35],"time-shifting,":[36],"magnitude":[37],"deviation,":[38],"averaging":[40],"effect":[41],"renewables":[44],"load":[46,109],"demand":[47],"profiles.":[48],"We":[49,72],"use":[50],"resilient":[52],"concept":[54],"case":[57],"study":[58],"considering":[59],"reliability":[62],"such":[64],"system":[65],"is":[66],"crucial,":[67],"especially":[68],"during":[69],"islanding":[70],"mode.":[71],"demonstrate":[73],"through":[74],"experiment":[75],"non-ideal":[78],"effects":[79],"naturally":[80],"take":[81],"place":[82,112],"system,":[86],"resulting":[87],"discrepancy":[89],"between":[90],"measured":[92],"expected":[94],"ideal":[95],"battery":[96,123,127,150],"state-of-charge.":[97],"Accordingly,":[98],"resiliency":[100,165],"be":[105,167],"affected":[106],"if":[107],"unplanned":[108],"shedding":[110],"took":[111],"order":[114],"not":[116],"violate":[117],"limit":[120],"state-ofcharge.":[124],"Allowing":[125],"discharge":[129],"at":[130,142],"higher":[132,147],"depth":[133],"temporarily":[135],"solve":[136],"problem,":[138],"however,":[139],"this":[140],"comes":[141],"expense":[144],"rate":[148],"degradation.":[151],"Instead,":[152],"we":[153],"proposed":[154],"power":[156],"sharing":[157],"scheme":[158],"by":[160],"interconnecting":[161],"microgrids,":[163],"improved.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}