{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2893387339","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2018.2872120","title":"Joint Detection and Mitigation of False Data Injection Attacks in AGC Systems","display_name":"Joint Detection and Mitigation of False Data Injection Attacks in AGC Systems","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2893387339","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2018.2872120","mag":"2893387339"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2018.2872120","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2018.2872120","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055330340","display_name":"Mohsen Khalaf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3414-9319"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohsen Khalaf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085765243","display_name":"Amr Youssef","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4284-8646"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amr Youssef","raw_affiliation_strings":["Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020667524","display_name":"Ehab F. El\u2010Saadany","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0172-0686"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ehab El-Saadany","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055330340"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.2948,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":156,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97571884,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"5","first_page":"4985","last_page":"4995"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10346","display_name":"Magnetic confinement fusion research","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-generation-control","display_name":"Automatic Generation Control","score":0.7782427072525024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.675683319568634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.49136534333229065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.47416889667510986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-deviation","display_name":"Frequency deviation","score":0.4653376638889313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.46493619680404663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4642760157585144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.45809751749038696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-frequency-control","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","score":0.4487645626068115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.44777461886405945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4438619613647461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-system","display_name":"Control system","score":0.42376959323883057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.4139404892921448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.41354861855506897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16304776072502136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07860729098320007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.07746607065200806}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778763806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4826572","display_name":"Automatic Generation Control","level":4,"score":0.7782427072525024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.675683319568634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.49136534333229065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.47416889667510986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123919525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q761942","display_name":"Frequency deviation","level":3,"score":0.4653376638889313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46493619680404663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4642760157585144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.45809751749038696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25915539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220786","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","level":2,"score":0.4487645626068115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.44777461886405945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4438619613647461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.42376959323883057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4139404892921448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.41354861855506897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16304776072502136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07860729098320007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.07746607065200806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2018.2872120","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2018.2872120","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7907166176","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NPRP 9-055-2-022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","funder_display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/01svaqq28"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W156184527","https://openalex.org/W1489327260","https://openalex.org/W1531218787","https://openalex.org/W1564310576","https://openalex.org/W1606499049","https://openalex.org/W1657394472","https://openalex.org/W1763243278","https://openalex.org/W1965180610","https://openalex.org/W2051054517","https://openalex.org/W2056080625","https://openalex.org/W2072258511","https://openalex.org/W2094564909","https://openalex.org/W2104505970","https://openalex.org/W2115472369","https://openalex.org/W2121098361","https://openalex.org/W2125079402","https://openalex.org/W2131329080","https://openalex.org/W2244256397","https://openalex.org/W2289431940","https://openalex.org/W2312340764","https://openalex.org/W2406810199","https://openalex.org/W2470267345","https://openalex.org/W2477357693","https://openalex.org/W2522269474","https://openalex.org/W2593244526","https://openalex.org/W2600074297","https://openalex.org/W2751144136","https://openalex.org/W2765366020","https://openalex.org/W2769116554","https://openalex.org/W2774100429","https://openalex.org/W2786236901","https://openalex.org/W2787917478","https://openalex.org/W2793107922","https://openalex.org/W4293763091","https://openalex.org/W6641394813","https://openalex.org/W6674329729","https://openalex.org/W6713631333","https://openalex.org/W6720320273"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2892695466","https://openalex.org/W3127790372","https://openalex.org/W2382782532","https://openalex.org/W1895825885","https://openalex.org/W2202113708","https://openalex.org/W1982646267","https://openalex.org/W2807747264","https://openalex.org/W3119267424","https://openalex.org/W2884024267","https://openalex.org/W2804741690"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,56,182],"ability":[1,207],"to":[2,51,66,76,84,107,155,208],"maintain":[3],"the":[4,14,27,35,52,60,67,96,116,124,129,147,151,158,161,165,173,179,194],"system":[5,63,204],"frequency":[6,29],"within":[7],"specified":[8],"operating":[9],"limits":[10],"is":[11,64,121,133,143,153,185],"crucial":[12],"for":[13,112,150,157,197,216],"stability":[15],"and":[16,102,109,140,177,193,200,213],"proper":[17],"operation":[18,48],"of":[19,26,47,98,118,126,160,190],"power":[20,53],"systems.":[21],"Any":[22],"small":[23],"deviation":[24],"out":[25],"permissible":[28],"range":[30],"must":[31],"be":[32,85],"well-mitigated":[33],"by":[34,59],"automatic":[36],"generation":[37],"control":[38,62,68,166],"(AGC)":[39],"system,":[40],"otherwise":[41],"it":[42],"may":[43],"result":[44],"in":[45],"disruption":[46],"and/or":[49],"damage":[50],"grid":[54],"equipment.":[55],"data":[57,89],"required":[58],"AGC":[61,81,119],"sent":[65],"center":[69,167],"through":[70],"communication":[71],"links":[72],"which":[73],"are":[74],"susceptible":[75],"cyber":[77],"attacks.":[78,92],"Therefore,":[79],"such":[80],"systems":[82,120],"have":[83],"well-protected":[86],"against":[87,115],"false":[88],"injection":[90],"(FDI)":[91],"In":[93],"this":[94,127],"paper,":[95],"use":[97,125],"a":[99,198,201],"simultaneous":[100],"input":[101,139],"state":[103],"estimation":[104],"based":[105,171],"algorithm":[106],"detect":[108],"concurrently":[110],"compensate":[111,156,215],"FDI":[113,130,152,191,211],"attacks":[114,192,212],"measurements":[117],"investigated.":[122],"Throughout":[123],"algorithm,":[128],"attack":[131,162],"signal":[132],"dealt":[134],"with":[135],"as":[136],"an":[137],"unknown":[138],"its":[141,169,206],"value":[142,149],"estimated":[144,148],"accordingly.":[145],"Then,":[146],"used":[154],"effect":[159],"so":[163],"that":[164],"makes":[168],"decision":[170],"on":[172],"corrected":[174],"sensor":[175],"signals,":[176],"not":[178],"manipulated":[180],"ones.":[181],"proposed":[183],"approach":[184],"tested":[186],"under":[187],"different":[188],"types":[189],"simulation":[195],"results":[196],"2-area":[199],"4-area":[202],"practical":[203],"confirm":[205],"detect,":[209],"estimate":[210],"successfully":[214],"it.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
