{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2796765584","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2018.2826844","title":"A Cloud-Based On-Line Disaggregation Algorithm for Home Appliance Loads","display_name":"A Cloud-Based On-Line Disaggregation Algorithm for Home Appliance Loads","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-04-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2796765584","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2018.2826844","mag":"2796765584"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2018.2826844","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2018.2826844","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8337762","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037056951","display_name":"Million Abayneh Mengistu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3920-8402"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Million Abayneh Mengistu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014259715","display_name":"Awet Abraha Girmay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-9891"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Awet Abraha Girmay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Midori S.R.L., Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Midori S.R.L., Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077187199","display_name":"Chirstian Camarda","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chirstian Camarda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Midori S.R.L., Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Midori S.R.L., Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031653904","display_name":"Andrea Acquaviva","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Acquaviva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049181393","display_name":"Edoardo Patti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6043-6477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edoardo Patti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037056951"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.4356,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":109,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97688022,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"3","first_page":"3430","last_page":"3439"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11954","display_name":"Energy Efficiency and Management","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10121","display_name":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7145226001739502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6139621138572693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.604830265045166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.5363190770149231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5189337730407715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.48685067892074585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.477398544549942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profiling","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","score":0.4766193926334381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.45478546619415283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.44890326261520386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.4470321536064148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.4353756010532379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39289402961730957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.38880836963653564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3379371762275696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.30297744274139404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2870176434516907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19616925716400146}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7145226001739502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6139621138572693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.604830265045166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.5363190770149231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5189337730407715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.48685067892074585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.477398544549942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187191949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138496","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.4766193926334381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.45478546619415283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.44890326261520386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.4470321536064148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.4353756010532379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39289402961730957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.38880836963653564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3379371762275696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.30297744274139404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2870176434516907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19616925716400146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2018.2826844","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2018.2826844","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/781537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8337762","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/781537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8337762","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W168840469","https://openalex.org/W1138573735","https://openalex.org/W1479651931","https://openalex.org/W1487875841","https://openalex.org/W1528056001","https://openalex.org/W1924099160","https://openalex.org/W1994042232","https://openalex.org/W1994682479","https://openalex.org/W1996944908","https://openalex.org/W2022686119","https://openalex.org/W2067191022","https://openalex.org/W2093135704","https://openalex.org/W2097481773","https://openalex.org/W2105594594","https://openalex.org/W2123910460","https://openalex.org/W2167653194","https://openalex.org/W2222435693","https://openalex.org/W2255051834","https://openalex.org/W2340432652","https://openalex.org/W2344234701","https://openalex.org/W2515519620","https://openalex.org/W2529074416","https://openalex.org/W2536348809","https://openalex.org/W2555926712","https://openalex.org/W2559280146","https://openalex.org/W2559922179","https://openalex.org/W2591811586","https://openalex.org/W2747480149","https://openalex.org/W2921676705","https://openalex.org/W2952097959","https://openalex.org/W3099873379","https://openalex.org/W6606938059","https://openalex.org/W6627345084","https://openalex.org/W6629181569","https://openalex.org/W6649617573","https://openalex.org/W6727986166","https://openalex.org/W6730692885","https://openalex.org/W6734162547","https://openalex.org/W6742829952"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2053269318","https://openalex.org/W2364370872","https://openalex.org/W2097963413","https://openalex.org/W2025614924","https://openalex.org/W2294335174","https://openalex.org/W3145575561","https://openalex.org/W2995886640","https://openalex.org/W1591475660","https://openalex.org/W2001275470","https://openalex.org/W75751337"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,59],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,61],"address":[4],"the":[5,127,137,156],"problem":[6,34],"of":[7],"providing":[8],"fast":[9],"and":[10,46,77,92,98,139,149],"on-line":[11,27,118,160,170],"households":[12],"appliance":[13,81,108,112,129],"load":[14,28,65,82],"detection":[15,29,89,161,164],"in":[16,49],"a":[17,31],"nonintrusive":[18],"way":[19],"from":[20,110,126],"aggregate":[21],"electric":[22],"energy":[23,50],"consumption":[24],"data.":[25],"Enabling":[26],"is":[30,115,134],"relevant":[32],"research":[33],"as":[35,43],"it":[36],"can":[37],"unlock":[38],"new":[39],"grid":[40],"services":[41],"such":[42],"demand-side":[44],"management":[45],"raises":[47],"interactivity":[48],"awareness":[51],"possibly":[52],"leading":[53],"to":[54,105,168],"more":[55],"green":[56],"behaviors.":[57],"To":[58],"purpose,":[60],"propose":[62],"an":[63,120],"on-line-non-intrusive":[64],"monitoring":[66],"machine":[67],"learning":[68],"algorithm":[69],"combining":[70],"two":[71],"methodologies:":[72],"(1)":[73],"unsupervised":[74],"event-based":[75,85],"profiling":[76],"(2)":[78],"Markov":[79,124],"chain":[80],"modeling.":[83],"The":[84,100],"part":[86],"performs":[87],"event":[88],"through":[90],"contiguous":[91],"transient":[93],"data":[94],"segments,":[95],"events":[96],"clustering":[97],"matching.":[99],"resulting":[101],"features":[102],"are":[103,147],"used":[104],"build":[106],"household-specific":[107],"models":[109],"generic":[111],"models.":[113],"Disaggregation":[114],"then":[116],"performed":[117],"using":[119],"additive":[121],"factorial":[122],"hidden":[123],"model":[125,130],"generated":[128],"parameters.":[131],"Our":[132],"solution":[133,158],"implemented":[135],"on":[136],"cloud":[138],"tested":[140],"with":[141,151,162,166],"public":[142],"benchmark":[143],"datasets.":[144],"Accuracy":[145],"results":[146],"presented":[148],"compared":[150],"literature":[152],"solutions,":[153],"showing":[154],"that":[155],"proposed":[157],"achieves":[159],"comparable":[163],"performance":[165],"respect":[167],"non":[169],"approaches.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
