{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2746904025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2017.2744802","title":"Artificial Command Delaying for Secure Substation Remote Control: Design and Implementation","display_name":"Artificial Command Delaying for Secure Substation Remote Control: Design and Implementation","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2746904025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2017.2744802","mag":"2746904025"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2017.2744802","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2017.2744802","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049285151","display_name":"Daisuke Mashima","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1946-1790"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daisuke Mashima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Illinois at Singapore Pte Ltd., Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Illinois at Singapore Pte Ltd., Singapore","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027697383","display_name":"Prageeth Gunathilaka","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prageeth Gunathilaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Illinois at Singapore Pte Ltd., Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Illinois at Singapore Pte Ltd., Singapore","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100687673","display_name":"Binbin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9584-0082"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Binbin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Illinois at Singapore Pte Ltd., Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Illinois at Singapore Pte Ltd., Singapore","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049285151"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2243,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94432367,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":"471","last_page":"482"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iec-61850","display_name":"IEC 61850","score":0.8706469535827637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.8308024406433105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.7657173871994019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.6528784036636353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6102516055107117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5533666610717773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.47839176654815674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.4545901417732239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.43495509028434753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4226577579975128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eavesdropping","display_name":"Eavesdropping","score":0.41223737597465515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4025366008281708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3036118149757385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.28861764073371887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.24125561118125916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.14240556955337524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.1383131444454193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.13146182894706726}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778907243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168160","display_name":"IEC 61850","level":3,"score":0.8706469535827637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.8308024406433105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.7657173871994019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.6528784036636353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6102516055107117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5533666610717773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.47839176654815674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.4545901417732239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.43495509028434753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4226577579975128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776788033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320769","display_name":"Eavesdropping","level":2,"score":0.41223737597465515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4025366008281708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3036118149757385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28861764073371887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.24125561118125916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.14240556955337524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.1383131444454193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.13146182894706726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2017.2744802","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2017.2744802","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320696","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/03cpyc314"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W124160555","https://openalex.org/W1523577522","https://openalex.org/W1607032092","https://openalex.org/W1972241647","https://openalex.org/W2011944582","https://openalex.org/W2024094925","https://openalex.org/W2031868251","https://openalex.org/W2162998067","https://openalex.org/W2197836422","https://openalex.org/W2321407374","https://openalex.org/W2394912556","https://openalex.org/W2494110282","https://openalex.org/W2540934350","https://openalex.org/W2554256577","https://openalex.org/W2563241473","https://openalex.org/W6700639939","https://openalex.org/W6712370339","https://openalex.org/W6730082782"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2367739416","https://openalex.org/W1984507003","https://openalex.org/W2368710903","https://openalex.org/W4386360526","https://openalex.org/W2772112465","https://openalex.org/W4387918499","https://openalex.org/W2352028207","https://openalex.org/W1847012216","https://openalex.org/W2383397189","https://openalex.org/W2553754225"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Electrical":[0],"substations":[1,24,46],"play":[2],"a":[3,41,78,128,165],"crucial":[4],"role":[5],"in":[6,106],"power":[7,55,129,140],"grids.":[8],"A":[9],"number":[10,43],"of":[11,40,44,52,72,93,101,132,143,152],"international":[12],"standards,":[13],"such":[14],"as":[15],"IEC":[16],"60870":[17],"and":[18,27,36,70,136,160],"61850,":[19],"have":[20],"emerged":[21],"to":[22,32,82,96,116,123],"modernize":[23],"for":[25,103,113,127],"efficient":[26],"timely":[28],"control.":[29],"However,":[30],"owing":[31],"insufficient":[33],"security":[34,102],"consideration":[35],"implementation,":[37,69],"the":[38,50,66,121],"digitization":[39],"large":[42],"connected":[45],"could":[47],"dramatically":[48],"increase":[49],"scale":[51],"damage":[53],"on":[54],"grids":[56],"caused":[57],"by":[58],"cyber":[59],"attacks.":[60],"In":[61,111],"this":[62],"paper,":[63],"we":[64],"discuss":[65],"practical":[67,149],"design,":[68],"deployment":[71,150],"active":[73],"command":[74],"mediation":[75],"defense":[76],"(A*CMD),":[77],"distributed":[79],"cybersecurity":[80],"solution":[81],"counter":[83],"attacks":[84],"injecting":[85],"malicious":[86],"remote":[87],"control":[88],"commands.":[89],"A*CMD":[90,153],"takes":[91],"advantage":[92],"artificial":[94],"command-delaying":[95],"realize":[97],"an":[98,107],"additional":[99],"layer":[100],"each":[104],"substation":[105],"autonomous,":[108],"decentralized":[109],"manner.":[110],"particular,":[112],"grid":[114,130,141],"operators":[115],"make":[117],"appropriate":[118],"delay":[119,126],"configuration,":[120],"procedure":[122],"find":[124],"tolerable":[125],"model":[131],"interest":[133],"is":[134],"formulated":[135],"demonstrated":[137],"with":[138,155,164],"multiple":[139],"models":[142],"different":[144],"sizes.":[145],"We":[146],"further":[147],"show":[148],"options":[151],"along":[154],"proof-of-concept":[156],"implementations,":[157],"whose":[158],"performance":[159],"stability":[161],"are":[162],"evaluated":[163],"software-based":[166],"smart-grid":[167],"testbed.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}