{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2676144845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2017.2718557","title":"A Hierarchical Governor/Turbine and Electric Vehicles Optimal Control Framework for Primary Frequency Support in Power Systems","display_name":"A Hierarchical Governor/Turbine and Electric Vehicles Optimal Control Framework for Primary Frequency Support in Power Systems","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-06-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2676144845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2017.2718557","mag":"2676144845"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2017.2718557","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2017.2718557","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045533204","display_name":"Navid Kariminejad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105818395","display_name":"University of Kashan","ror":"https://ror.org/015zmr509","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105818395"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Navid Kariminejad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105818395"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021489233","display_name":"Seyed Abbas Taher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3998-5332"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105818395","display_name":"University of Kashan","ror":"https://ror.org/015zmr509","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105818395"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyed Abbas Taher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3998-5332","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105818395"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062440795","display_name":"Mohammad Shahidehpour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8994-1688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180949307","display_name":"Illinois Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037t3ry66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Shahidehpour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8994-1688","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180949307"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068027699","display_name":"Koresh Khateri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8820-8700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48379061","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University","ror":"https://ror.org/0091vmj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48379061"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Koresh Khateri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48379061"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6896,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85140972,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"6","first_page":"6702","last_page":"6712"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12277","display_name":"Frequency Control in Power Systems","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/governor","display_name":"Governor","score":0.7497686147689819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-frequency-control","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","score":0.7295176982879639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-generation-control","display_name":"Automatic Generation Control","score":0.6023960113525391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.5380119681358337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-control","display_name":"Power control","score":0.47892460227012634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.47774189710617065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbine","display_name":"Turbine","score":0.46875429153442383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ac-power","display_name":"AC power","score":0.44702816009521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-generation","display_name":"Electricity generation","score":0.4305015504360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4297757148742676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.42579013109207153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.408371239900589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.40550071001052856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.35976383090019226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21135181188583374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.1993941366672516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.19918623566627502}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781233147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3229617","display_name":"Governor","level":2,"score":0.7497686147689819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25915539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220786","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","level":2,"score":0.7295176982879639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778763806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4826572","display_name":"Automatic Generation Control","level":4,"score":0.6023960113525391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.5380119681358337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56685638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2300474","display_name":"Power control","level":3,"score":0.47892460227012634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.47774189710617065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778449969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130760","display_name":"Turbine","level":2,"score":0.46875429153442383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108755667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930258","display_name":"AC power","level":3,"score":0.44702816009521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C423512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383973","display_name":"Electricity generation","level":3,"score":0.4305015504360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4297757148742676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.42579013109207153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.408371239900589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.40550071001052856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.35976383090019226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21135181188583374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.1993941366672516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.19918623566627502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2017.2718557","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2017.2718557","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7900000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1489327260","https://openalex.org/W1608929012","https://openalex.org/W1763243278","https://openalex.org/W1835102061","https://openalex.org/W1963673858","https://openalex.org/W1974790877","https://openalex.org/W1999100413","https://openalex.org/W2002903777","https://openalex.org/W2010456034","https://openalex.org/W2014131339","https://openalex.org/W2019925010","https://openalex.org/W2024974439","https://openalex.org/W2028773097","https://openalex.org/W2050495423","https://openalex.org/W2094270660","https://openalex.org/W2122032342","https://openalex.org/W2142871505","https://openalex.org/W2149164035","https://openalex.org/W2166140865","https://openalex.org/W2166580176","https://openalex.org/W2167871637","https://openalex.org/W2190034430","https://openalex.org/W2201778958","https://openalex.org/W2212749139","https://openalex.org/W2323318883","https://openalex.org/W2344504222","https://openalex.org/W2364749703","https://openalex.org/W2417296665","https://openalex.org/W2465923267","https://openalex.org/W2468496156","https://openalex.org/W2606262745","https://openalex.org/W2967529583","https://openalex.org/W6636369521","https://openalex.org/W6736418347"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2104973077","https://openalex.org/W2331465608","https://openalex.org/W1973248937","https://openalex.org/W2362819233","https://openalex.org/W2378067953","https://openalex.org/W2907973261","https://openalex.org/W4312928176","https://openalex.org/W3088822319","https://openalex.org/W2965502382","https://openalex.org/W2004081218"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"aims":[2],"to":[3,20,60],"develop":[4],"a":[5,50,101,130,152,158],"hierarchical":[6],"framework":[7,26,128],"for":[8,176],"control":[9,54,99,127],"of":[10,56,84,116,124,155],"governor/turbine":[11],"(G/T)":[12],"and":[13,47,62,168,172],"electric":[14],"vehicles":[15],"(EVs)":[16],"as":[17],"primary":[18,22,41,179],"reserves":[19],"provide":[21],"frequency":[23,150,180],"support.":[24,181],"The":[25,31,66,137],"involves":[27],"two":[28],"decision":[29],"layers.":[30],"top":[32,79],"layer":[33,58,68,80],"based":[34],"on":[35,129],"EV":[36,72,92,97,170],"utilization":[37,171],"cost":[38],"dispatches":[39,69],"the":[40,63,70,78,114,122,125,143,147,166],"reserve":[42],"references":[43],"that":[44,75,142],"balances":[45],"load":[46],"generation":[48,51,174],"following":[49],"drop.":[52],"Subsequently,":[53],"commands":[55],"this":[57,88],"transmit":[59],"G/T":[61,173],"lower":[64,67],"layer.":[65],"aggregated":[71,167],"power":[73,134,148],"change":[74,175],"commanded":[76],"from":[77],"among":[81],"large":[82],"number":[83],"EVs.":[85],"Therefore,":[86],"in":[87,100,178],"layer,":[89],"each":[90],"individual":[91,169],"will":[93],"solve":[94],"an":[95],"optimal":[96],"dispatch":[98],"decentralized":[102],"manner":[103],"while":[104],"meeting":[105],"its":[106],"own":[107],"constraints.":[108],"To":[109],"draw":[110],"further":[111],"insights":[112],"into":[113],"performance":[115],"our":[117],"proposed":[118,126,144],"scheme,":[119],"we":[120],"investigate":[121],"impact":[123],"simplified":[131],"Great":[132],"Britain":[133],"system":[135,149],"model.":[136],"listed":[138],"simulation":[139],"results":[140],"show":[141],"scheme":[145],"restores":[146],"within":[151],"short":[153],"period":[154],"time":[156],"upon":[157],"sudden":[159],"supply":[160],"demand":[161],"imbalance":[162],"along":[163],"with":[164],"minimizing":[165],"participating":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
