{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2558465750","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2016.2633873","title":"Optimization of Aggregate Capacity of PEVs for Frequency Regulation Service in Day-Ahead Market","display_name":"Optimization of Aggregate Capacity of PEVs for Frequency Regulation Service in Day-Ahead Market","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2558465750","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2016.2633873","mag":"2558465750"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2016.2633873","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2016.2633873","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040522889","display_name":"Enxin Yao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enxin Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003037377","display_name":"Vincent W. S. Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3821-4365"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincent W. S. Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3821-4365","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033990377","display_name":"Robert Schober","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-4884"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Schober","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7842,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":60,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90783236,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"4","first_page":"3519","last_page":"3529"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/news-aggregator","display_name":"News aggregator","score":0.9696095585823059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.5071547031402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-generation-control","display_name":"Automatic Generation Control","score":0.44439712166786194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-programming","display_name":"Stochastic programming","score":0.41415706276893616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3854835629463196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.3555242419242859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.32785511016845703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.28498122096061707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.27133333683013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.1830015480518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.116620272397995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180505990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q498267","display_name":"News aggregator","level":2,"score":0.9696095585823059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.5071547031402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778763806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4826572","display_name":"Automatic Generation Control","level":4,"score":0.44439712166786194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137631369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7617831","display_name":"Stochastic programming","level":2,"score":0.41415706276893616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3854835629463196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3555242419242859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.32785511016845703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.28498122096061707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27133333683013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.1830015480518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.116620272397995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2016.2633873","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2016.2633873","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6052986658","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"STPGP 447607-13","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W88909337","https://openalex.org/W230187509","https://openalex.org/W1647779468","https://openalex.org/W1949468118","https://openalex.org/W1975997267","https://openalex.org/W1976466849","https://openalex.org/W1991345115","https://openalex.org/W2003073695","https://openalex.org/W2006579349","https://openalex.org/W2007043425","https://openalex.org/W2008426812","https://openalex.org/W2014533616","https://openalex.org/W2025513168","https://openalex.org/W2032489938","https://openalex.org/W2051896694","https://openalex.org/W2078462325","https://openalex.org/W2099506495","https://openalex.org/W2100115181","https://openalex.org/W2104424294","https://openalex.org/W2111380948","https://openalex.org/W2114196548","https://openalex.org/W2126972880","https://openalex.org/W2133597699","https://openalex.org/W2148464117","https://openalex.org/W2149519601","https://openalex.org/W2151111354","https://openalex.org/W2161666560","https://openalex.org/W2181209451","https://openalex.org/W2308256145","https://openalex.org/W2773359623","https://openalex.org/W2962789373","https://openalex.org/W2963727528","https://openalex.org/W3098252192","https://openalex.org/W3143075780","https://openalex.org/W4247165901","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6682008042","https://openalex.org/W6696013228"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W3036238356","https://openalex.org/W2603387358","https://openalex.org/W2767445978","https://openalex.org/W3092831610","https://openalex.org/W230187509","https://openalex.org/W4206057490","https://openalex.org/W962287279","https://openalex.org/W3138760849","https://openalex.org/W3033923386"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"aggregator":[1,20,60,76,99,197,271],"can":[2,21,180,198],"coordinate":[3],"plug-in":[4],"electric":[5],"vehicles":[6],"(PEVs)":[7],"to":[8,13,49,63,80,92,121,166,190,204],"provide":[9,30],"frequency":[10,35,51,124],"regulation":[11,36,52,56,112,125,159],"service":[12],"an":[14,59,98],"independent":[15],"system":[16],"operator":[17],"(ISO).":[18],"The":[19,117],"participate":[22,199],"in":[23,103,127,162,200,256,262,275],"the":[24,39,54,64,70,73,75,86,94,104,107,110,115,123,144,152,155,163,170,174,191,196,201,209,214,218,238,249,267,270,276,287,290,298,304],"electricity":[25],"markets":[26,277],"of":[27,58,69,96,109,114,140,147,158,184,269,278,289,306],"ISOs":[28,40],"which":[29],"economic":[31],"incentives":[32],"for":[33,216,247],"PEV":[34,252],"service.":[37],"While":[38],"typically":[41],"use":[42],"forward":[43],"market":[44,47,145,178,203],"[e.g.,":[45],"day-ahead":[46],"(DAM)]":[48],"trade":[50,122],"service,":[53],"available":[55,83,111,292],"capacity":[57,84,113,126,160,185,207,293],"is":[61,119,260],"subject":[62],"random":[65],"arrival":[66,227],"and":[67,131,149,228,280,300],"departure":[68,229],"PEVs.":[71,116],"In":[72,193],"DAM,":[74,105],"submits":[77],"a":[78,177,182,188],"bid":[79,102,219],"indicate":[81],"its":[82,101],"on":[85,143,169,208,297],"next":[87,171,210],"day.":[88,172,211],"This":[89],"motivates":[90],"us":[91],"study":[93],"problem":[95,215,232],"how":[97],"determines":[100],"given":[106],"uncertainty":[108,288],"DAM":[118,164],"used":[120,261],"California":[128],"ISO":[129,134],"(CAISO)":[130],"New":[132],"York":[133],"(NYISO).":[135],"We":[136,212,265],"consider":[137],"two":[138],"types":[139],"DAMs":[141],"based":[142],"rules":[146],"CAISO":[148,279],"NYISO.":[150,281],"For":[151,173],"first":[153],"type,":[154,176],"exact":[156],"amount":[157],"submitted":[161],"needs":[165],"be":[167],"fulfilled":[168],"second":[175],"participant":[179],"settle":[181],"shortage":[183],"by":[186],"paying":[187],"penalty":[189],"ISO.":[192],"both":[194],"cases,":[195],"real-time":[202],"sell":[205],"extra":[206],"formulate":[213],"determining":[217],"using":[220,237],"stochastic":[221],"programming.":[222],"As":[223],"PEVs":[224,307],"have":[225],"uncertain":[226],"times,":[230],"our":[231,263],"formulation":[233],"incorporates":[234],"risk":[235,302],"management":[236],"conditional":[239],"value":[240],"at":[241],"risk.":[242],"Efficient":[243],"algorithms":[244],"are":[245],"proposed":[246],"solving":[248],"formulated":[250],"problem.":[251],"charging":[253],"data":[254],"collected":[255],"Vancouver,":[257],"BC,":[258],"Canada,":[259],"simulations.":[264],"compare":[266],"profit":[268,299],"when":[272],"it":[273],"participates":[274],"Our":[282],"simulation":[283],"results":[284],"show":[285],"that":[286],"PEVs'":[291],"has":[294],"less":[295],"effect":[296],"financial":[301],"as":[303],"number":[305],"increases.":[308]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
