{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2510035502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2015.2463755","title":"A Cluster-Based Method for Calculating Baselines for Residential Loads","display_name":"A Cluster-Based Method for Calculating Baselines for Residential Loads","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-08-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2510035502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2015.2463755","mag":"2510035502"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2015.2463755","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2015.2463755","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100388333","display_name":"Yi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4299-1511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134512","display_name":"GE Global Research (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03e06qt98","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134512"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134512"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100367131","display_name":"Weiwei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7736-3411"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiwei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rutgers Business School, Newark, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rutgers Business School, Newark, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100745344","display_name":"Rui Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6080-2417"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134512","display_name":"GE Global Research (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03e06qt98","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134512"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134512"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042416561","display_name":"Jason Black","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1325736334","display_name":"Battelle","ror":"https://ror.org/01h5tnr73","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason Black","raw_affiliation_strings":["Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100388333"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134512"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4128,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":97,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9311856,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"5","first_page":"2368","last_page":"2377"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11954","display_name":"Energy Efficiency and Management","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10121","display_name":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.7700377702713013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.6621046662330627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5553627014160156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.46739113330841064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peak-load","display_name":"Peak load","score":0.4665961265563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metre","display_name":"Metre","score":0.43690380454063416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-profile","display_name":"Load profile","score":0.43288546800613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.34591010212898254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.33342498540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.19320353865623474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18441009521484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15964248776435852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.12716522812843323}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.7700377702713013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.6621046662330627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5553627014160156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.46739113330841064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986689482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806775","display_name":"Peak load","level":2,"score":0.4665961265563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151011524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11573","display_name":"Metre","level":2,"score":0.43690380454063416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777908891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806775","display_name":"Load profile","level":3,"score":0.43288546800613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.34591010212898254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.33342498540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.19320353865623474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18441009521484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15964248776435852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.12716522812843323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2015.2463755","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2015.2463755","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.01RUT_INST:11685381910004646","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarship.libraries.rutgers.edu/esploro/outputs/journalArticle/A-Cluster-Based-Method-for-Calculating-Baselines/991031758135804646","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197018","display_name":"View","issn_l":"2688-268X","issn":["2688-268X","2688-3988"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W226037459","https://openalex.org/W1558668080","https://openalex.org/W1789062631","https://openalex.org/W2001908673","https://openalex.org/W2025603353","https://openalex.org/W2054989445","https://openalex.org/W2073633915","https://openalex.org/W2085487226","https://openalex.org/W2110366306","https://openalex.org/W2112618476","https://openalex.org/W2117604780","https://openalex.org/W2120719282","https://openalex.org/W2122646361","https://openalex.org/W2124018590","https://openalex.org/W2127732301","https://openalex.org/W2167374930","https://openalex.org/W2168257715","https://openalex.org/W2302947639","https://openalex.org/W2612166593","https://openalex.org/W4239048948","https://openalex.org/W6633202983","https://openalex.org/W6684856300"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4382568026","https://openalex.org/W1674222958","https://openalex.org/W2346771341","https://openalex.org/W2343809410","https://openalex.org/W3153367415","https://openalex.org/W2100839818","https://openalex.org/W3080280182","https://openalex.org/W4385694948","https://openalex.org/W3157614040","https://openalex.org/W8294258"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Demand":[0],"response":[1],"(DR)":[2],"programs":[3],"provide":[4],"incentives":[5],"for":[6,85,126],"load":[7,17,29,37,93],"reductions":[8,14],"during":[9],"event":[10],"periods.":[11,51],"Measuring":[12],"these":[13,138],"requires":[15],"estimating":[16],"if":[18],"there":[19],"was":[20],"no":[21],"event,":[22],"known":[23],"as":[24],"baselines.":[25],"Differences":[26],"in":[27],"metered":[28,62,92],"below":[30],"the":[31,108,133],"baseline":[32,57],"are":[33,40,75,88,124,146],"assumed":[34],"to":[35],"be":[36],"reductions.":[38],"Baselines":[39,84,123],"typically":[41],"calculated":[42,125],"from":[43,49,77],"historical":[44],"data,":[45],"sometimes":[46],"with":[47,70,114,132],"adjustments":[48],"pre-event":[50],"This":[52,98],"paper":[53],"presents":[54],"a":[55,66,71],"cohort-based":[56,144],"method":[58,99,111],"that":[59,143],"utilizes":[60],"event-day":[61,91],"load.":[63],"The":[64,140],"cohorts,":[65],"group":[67],"of":[68,94],"consumers":[69],"similar":[72],"consumption":[73],"pattern,":[74],"developed":[76],"correlations":[78],"between":[79],"normal":[80],"nonevent":[81,128],"day":[82,129],"loads.":[83],"DR":[86],"participants":[87],"established":[89],"using":[90,118],"nonparticipating":[95],"cohort":[96],"members.":[97],"implicitly":[100],"incorporates":[101],"weather":[102],"and":[103,130],"other":[104],"complex":[105],"factors":[106],"into":[107],"baseline.":[109],"Our":[110],"is":[112],"compared":[113,131],"several":[115],"traditional":[116,151],"methods":[117],"actual":[119,134],"utility":[120],"meter":[121,135],"data.":[122],"each":[127],"data":[136],"on":[137],"days.":[139],"results":[141],"show":[142],"baselines":[145],"significantly":[147],"more":[148],"accurate":[149],"than":[150],"methods.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-23T09:07:50.710637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}