{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2038866530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2015.2388695","title":"Carbon Emission Flow From Generation to Demand: A Network-Based Model","display_name":"Carbon Emission Flow From Generation to Demand: A Network-Based Model","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2038866530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2015.2388695","mag":"2038866530"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2015.2388695","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2015.2388695","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100447205","display_name":"Chongqing Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2296-8250"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chongqing Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","Department of Electrical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110037274","display_name":"Tianrui Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-9379"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianrui Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Planning and Design Institute, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","[Electrical Planning and Design Institute, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Planning and Design Institute, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Electrical Planning and Design Institute, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043873168","display_name":"Qixin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3733-8641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qixin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","Department of Electrical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100334399","display_name":"Jianhui Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9716-3484"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282105669","display_name":"Argonne National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gvnxz63","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282105669","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianhui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA",", Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282105669"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282105669"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101460165","display_name":"Yanlong Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0754-576X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanlong Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","Department of Electrical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001759017","display_name":"Qing Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5238-9300"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","Department of Electrical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Power Systems, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100850147","display_name":"Huaguang Yan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153473198","display_name":"North China Electric Power University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr5t414","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153473198"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738113","display_name":"China Electric Power Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ehpzy81","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442","https://openalex.org/I4392738113"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huaguang Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing, China","China electric power research institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198","https://openalex.org/I4392738113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China electric power research institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153473198","https://openalex.org/I4392738113"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7211,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":411,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90916024,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"5","first_page":"2386","last_page":"2394"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10424","display_name":"Electric Power System Optimization","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.5505157709121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-fibers","display_name":"Carbon fibers","score":0.4886177182197571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-flow","display_name":"Power flow","score":0.45093026757240295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-generation","display_name":"Electricity generation","score":0.44975677132606506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3944663107395172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3859594464302063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-economics","display_name":"Environmental economics","score":0.3402130603790283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.2670229375362396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.2542172074317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.18794164061546326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.1681523621082306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.16313976049423218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14064094424247742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.13168033957481384}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5505157709121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.4886177182197571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986056383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556030","display_name":"Power flow","level":4,"score":0.45093026757240295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C423512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383973","display_name":"Electricity generation","level":3,"score":0.44975677132606506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3944663107395172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3859594464302063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.3402130603790283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2670229375362396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2542172074317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.18794164061546326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.1681523621082306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.16313976049423218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14064094424247742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.13168033957481384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tsg.2015.2388695","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2015.2388695","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59604973","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","issn_l":"1949-3053","issn":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1777733014","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51107059","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2275015837","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51325702","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995647834","https://openalex.org/W2010783205","https://openalex.org/W2021512467","https://openalex.org/W2054989445","https://openalex.org/W2062855461","https://openalex.org/W2065268101","https://openalex.org/W2095900477","https://openalex.org/W2106424475","https://openalex.org/W2107270155","https://openalex.org/W2113942504","https://openalex.org/W2124937476","https://openalex.org/W2126416729","https://openalex.org/W2132358587","https://openalex.org/W2154038677","https://openalex.org/W2155284472","https://openalex.org/W2158959596","https://openalex.org/W2163168164","https://openalex.org/W2480929901","https://openalex.org/W2556915216","https://openalex.org/W3125971031"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4360620581","https://openalex.org/W4362598492","https://openalex.org/W4300722804","https://openalex.org/W2322806154","https://openalex.org/W2943658858","https://openalex.org/W4403215855","https://openalex.org/W2056130330","https://openalex.org/W4391930241","https://openalex.org/W2550744691","https://openalex.org/W1942980139"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Clarification":[0],"of":[1,33,72,141,154,170,184,219],"the":[2,22,26,50,57,67,70,87,104,110,129,133,147,151,160,178,207,214],"responsibility":[3,24],"for":[4,16,49,69,117,193],"carbon":[5,17,78,84,90,118,130],"emission":[6,18,23,85,91,119,131],"is":[7,63,122,198,203],"fundamental":[8,179],"in":[9,124,172,195,221],"a":[10,30,100,189],"carbon-constrained":[11],"world.":[12],"Existing":[13],"statistical":[14],"methods":[15],"estimation":[19],"usually":[20],"attribute":[21],"to":[25,82,103,127,212],"generation":[27],"side.":[28,112],"However,":[29],"growing":[31],"number":[32],"analysis":[34],"across":[35],"different":[36],"sectors":[37],"has":[38],"pointed":[39],"out":[40],"that":[41,65],"\u201cconsumers\u201d":[42],"rather":[43],"than":[44],"\u201cproducers\u201d":[45],"should":[46],"be":[47,97],"responsible":[48],"CO":[51],"<sub":[52],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[53],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sub>":[54],"emitted":[55],"during":[56],"production.":[58],"In":[59,80],"power":[60,105,134,155,163,173,196,222],"system,":[61,156],"it":[62],"consumers":[64],"create":[66],"need":[68],"combustion":[71],"fossil":[73],"fuels":[74],"and":[75,107,150,157,165,177,181,217],"cause":[76],"substantial":[77],"emission.":[79],"order":[81],"account":[83,146],"from":[86],"consumption-based":[88],"perspective,":[89],"generated":[92],"by":[93],"various":[94],"generators":[95],"can":[96,143],"seen":[98],"as":[99],"virtual":[101],"attachment":[102],"flow":[106,120],"accumulated":[108],"at":[109],"consumer's":[111],"A":[113,200],"novel":[114,190],"analytical":[115],"model":[116,140,192],"(CEF)":[121],"proposed":[123],"this":[125],"paper":[126],"quantify":[128],"accompanying":[132],"delivery":[135,164],"process.":[136],"The":[137],"newly":[138],"developed":[139],"CEF":[142,171,185,194,220],"take":[144],"into":[145],"operational":[148],"characteristics":[149,180],"network":[152],"features":[153],"elaborately":[158],"characterize":[159],"relationship":[161],"between":[162],"CEF.":[166],"Some":[167],"basic":[168],"concepts":[169],"networks":[174,197],"are":[175,186],"defined,":[176],"distribution":[182],"principles":[183],"analyzed.":[187],"Furthermore,":[188],"calculation":[191,215],"proposed.":[199],"case":[201],"study":[202],"conducted":[204],"based":[205],"on":[206],"IEEE":[208],"118":[209],"bus":[210],"system":[211],"illustrate":[213],"process":[216],"result":[218],"system.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":109},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":91},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":78},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":45},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
